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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedKhorfan R, Yuce TK, Love R
Cumulative effect of flexible duty-hour policies on resident outcomes: long-term follow-up results from the FIRST trial.
The authors investigated the long-term effect of flexible duty-hour policies on resident outcomes. They found that cumulative time under flexible duty-hour policies had no detrimental effects on duty-hour violations or resident well-being. After multiple years of flexibility, residents continue to report a high rate of satisfaction and positive effects on continuity of care.
Citation: Khorfan R, Yuce TK, Love R .
Cumulative effect of flexible duty-hour policies on resident outcomes: long-term follow-up results from the FIRST trial.
Ann Surg 2020 May;271(5):791-98. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003802..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Patient Safety, Provider: Physician, Provider, Surgery
St Hilaire MA, Anderson C, Anwar J
Brief (<4 hour) sleep episodes are insufficient for restoring performance in first-year resident physicians working overnight extended-duration work shifts.
This study examines the impact of reinstating extended duration (24-28) work shifts (EDWS) for postgraduate year 1 resident physicians. The performance of residents was studied for 23 male residents between 2002-2004 during a three-week on-call rotation schedule at the Medical and Intensive Care Units at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. If the sleep episodes were four hours or less then the odds of >1 attentional failure was 2.72 times higher during post-call compared to matched sessions during non-EDWS.
AHRQ-funded; HS012032.
Citation: St Hilaire MA, Anderson C, Anwar J .
Brief (<4 hour) sleep episodes are insufficient for restoring performance in first-year resident physicians working overnight extended-duration work shifts.
Sleep 2019 May;42(5):pii: zsz041. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz041..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Provider, Provider: Physician, Quality of Care, Sleep Problems, Training
Anton NE, Mizota T, Timsina LR
Attentional selectivity, automaticity, and self-efficacy predict simulator-acquired skill transfer to the clinical environment.
The objective of this study was to identify trainee characteristics that predict the transfer of simulator-acquired skill to the operating room. The investigators concluded that promoting automaticity, self-efficacy, and attention selectivity may help improve the transfer of simulator-acquired skill. They indicated that mental skills training and training to automaticity may therefore be valuable interventions to achieve this goal.
AHRQ-funded; HS022080.
Citation: Anton NE, Mizota T, Timsina LR .
Attentional selectivity, automaticity, and self-efficacy predict simulator-acquired skill transfer to the clinical environment.
Am J Surg 2019 Feb;217(2):266-71. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.11.028..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Patient Safety, Provider, Provider: Physician, Simulation, Surgery, Training
Shubeck SP, Kanters AE, Dimick JB
Surgeon leadership style and risk-adjusted patient outcomes.
The goal of this study was to determine if individual surgeons' personality traits and related leadership behaviors – such as participation in continuing education, effective self-reflection, and openness to feedback – correlated with patient-level outcomes after bariatric surgery. Surgeons from the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative (MBSC) were administered the Life Styles Inventory (LSI) assessment, the results of which were then collapsed into three styles corresponding with particular patterns of individual thinking and behavior: constructive, passive/defensive, and aggressive/defensive. Patient-level risk-adjusted rates of complications after bariatric surgery were then used to quantify the impact surgeon style had on post-operative outcomes. The results of the study demonstrate that surgeons' leadership styles are correlated with surgical outcomes for their individual patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023597.
Citation: Shubeck SP, Kanters AE, Dimick JB .
Surgeon leadership style and risk-adjusted patient outcomes.
Surg Endosc 2019 Feb;33(2):471-74. doi: 10.1007/s00464-018-6320-z.
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Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Patient Safety, Outcomes, Provider: Physician, Surgery
Barsuk JH, Cohen ER, Williams MV
Simulation-based mastery learning for thoracentesis skills improves patient outcomes: a randomized trial.
Physicians-in-training often perform bedside thoracenteses in academic medical centers, and complications are more common among less experienced clinicians. Simulation-based mastery learning (SBML) is one potential solution to this problem. This study evaluated the effects of a randomized trial of thoracentesis SBML on patient complications: iatrogenic pneumothorax, hemothorax, and reexpansion pulmonary edema.
AHRQ-funded; HS021202.
Citation: Barsuk JH, Cohen ER, Williams MV .
Simulation-based mastery learning for thoracentesis skills improves patient outcomes: a randomized trial.
Acad Med 2018 May;93(5):729-35. doi: 10.1097/acm.0000000000001965..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Patient Safety, Provider, Provider: Physician, Simulation, Training
Greenberg CC, Ghousseini HN, Pavuluri Quamme SR
A statewide surgical coaching program provides opportunity for continuous professional development.
Researchers sought to develop and evaluate a video-based coaching program for board-eligible/certified surgeons. They found that, overall, participants were satisfied with their experience and found the coaching program valuable. Future research to evaluate the impact of coaching on practice change and patient outcomes is recommended.
AHRQ-funded; HS022403.
Citation: Greenberg CC, Ghousseini HN, Pavuluri Quamme SR .
A statewide surgical coaching program provides opportunity for continuous professional development.
Ann Surg 2018 May;267(5):868-73. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002341..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient Safety, Provider, Provider: Physician, Quality of Care, Surgery