National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Asthma (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- (-) Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (6)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (3)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (3)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Imaging (2)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Clinician (1)
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- Provider: Physician (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- (-) Respiratory Conditions (6)
- Shared Decision Making (3)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedKrishnan JA, Margellos-Anast H, Kumar R
Coordinated Health Care Interventions for Childhood Asthma Gaps in Outcomes (CHICAGO) plan.
The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare an emergency-department- (ED) only intervention and home visits by community health workers for 6 months (ED-plus-home) and enhanced usual care (UC). The study enrolled children aged 5 to 11 years with uncontrolled asthma. The primary outcomes were change over 6 months in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Asthma Impact Scale score in children and Satisfaction with Participation in Social Roles score in caregivers. The secondary outcomes included guideline-recommended ED discharge care and self-management. The study found that of the 373 children recruited, only 63% completed the 6-month follow-up visit. Differences in Asthma Impact Scores or caregivers' Satisfaction with Participation in Social Roles scores were not significant. However, in the intervention groups guideline-recommended ED discharge care improved significantly versus in the UC group, and self-management behaviors were significantly improved in the ED-plus-home group versus in the ED-only and UC groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS027804.
Citation: Krishnan JA, Margellos-Anast H, Kumar R .
Coordinated Health Care Interventions for Childhood Asthma Gaps in Outcomes (CHICAGO) plan.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2023 Aug; 2(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100100..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Emergency Department, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Joshi RP, Pejaver V, Hammarlund NE
A predictive tool for identification of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative emergency department patients using routine test results.
This retrospective case-control study investigated whether the use of a prediction tool based on complete blood count results and patient sex can better allocate testing for SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing in hospital emergency departments. Participants were emergency department patients who had concurrent complete blood counts and SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing in Northern California, Seattle, Washington, Chicago Illinois, and South Korea. A hypothetical scenario of 1000 patients requiring testing was developed, but in this scenario testing resources are limited to 60% of patients. This tool would allow a 33% increase in properly allocated resources.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Joshi RP, Pejaver V, Hammarlund NE .
A predictive tool for identification of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative emergency department patients using routine test results.
J Clin Virol 2020 Aug;129:104502. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104502..
Keywords: Emergency Department, COVID-19, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Clinical Decision Support (CDS)
Westafer LM, Kunz A, Bugajska P
Provider perspectives on the use of evidence-based risk stratification tools in the evaluation of pulmonary embolism: a qualitative study.
Providers often pursue imaging in patients at low risk of pulmonary embolism (PE), resulting in imaging yields <10% and false-positive imaging rates of 10% to 25%. Attempts to curb overtesting have had only modest success and no interventions have used implementation science frameworks. The objective of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to the adoption of evidence-based diagnostic testing for PE.
AHRQ-funded; HS025701.
Citation: Westafer LM, Kunz A, Bugajska P .
Provider perspectives on the use of evidence-based risk stratification tools in the evaluation of pulmonary embolism: a qualitative study.
Acad Emerg Med 2020 Jun;27(6):447-56. doi: 10.1111/acem.13908..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Imaging, Shared Decision Making, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Practice Patterns, Provider: Physician, Provider: Clinician, Provider
Hoonakker PLT, Carayon P, Salwei ME
The design of PE Dx, a CDS to support pulmonary embolism diagnosis in the ED.
One possible explanation for user resistance to clinical decision support (CDS) procedures may be poor CDS design. This study describes the design of PE Dx, a CDS built to aid in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in the emergency department using human factors methods.
AHRQ-funded; HS022086.
Citation: Hoonakker PLT, Carayon P, Salwei ME .
The design of PE Dx, a CDS to support pulmonary embolism diagnosis in the ED.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2019 Aug 9;265:134-40. doi: 10.3233/shti190152..
Keywords: Blood Clots, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Shared Decision Making, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Emergency Department, Respiratory Conditions
Press A, Khan S, McCullagh L
Avoiding alert fatigue in pulmonary embolism decision support: a new method to examine 'trigger rates.'
The authors developed a new and innovative usability process named 'sensitivity and specificity trigger analysis' (SSTA) as part of a larger project around a pulmonary embolism decision support tool. They explored a unique methodology, SSTA, used to limit inaccurate triggering of a clinical decision support tool prior to integration into the electronic health record. They concluded that their methodology can be applied to other studies aiming to decrease triggering rates and increase adoption rates of previously validated clinical decision support system tools.
AHRQ-funded; HS022061.
Citation: Press A, Khan S, McCullagh L .
Avoiding alert fatigue in pulmonary embolism decision support: a new method to examine 'trigger rates.'
Evid Based Med 2016 Dec;21(6):203-07. doi: 10.1136/ebmed-2016-110440.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Respiratory Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Provider: Health Personnel, Patient Safety
Wang RC, Bent S, Weber E
The impact of clinical decision rules on computed tomography use and yield for pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The researchers performed a systematic review of impact analyses on clinical decision rules for pulmonary embolism. They found that among participants with suspected pulmonary embolism, implementation of the Wells criteria was associated with a modest increase in CT angiography yield. They concluded that there is a lack of cluster-randomized trials to confirm the efficacy of clinical decision rules for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.
AHRQ-funded; HS021281.
Citation: Wang RC, Bent S, Weber E .
The impact of clinical decision rules on computed tomography use and yield for pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Emerg Med 2016 Jun;67(6):693-701.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.11.005.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Shared Decision Making, Imaging, Respiratory Conditions