National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (8)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (1)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (3)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (3)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (3)
- Injuries and Wounds (2)
- Medication (1)
- Orthopedics (1)
- Palliative Care (1)
- Patient Safety (4)
- Prevention (1)
- Quality Improvement (2)
- (-) Risk (12)
- Stroke (1)
- (-) Surgery (12)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedLeeds IL, Canner JK, Efron JE
The independent effect of cancer on outcomes: a potential limitation of surgical risk prediction.
This study aims to compare the use of common risk models for benign versus malignant gastrointestinal disease. It found that the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) prediction models less effectively evaluate the risk of death in cancer patients as compared to patients with benign disease. A diagnosis of cancer is independently associated with an increased risk of surgical complications.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736.
Citation: Leeds IL, Canner JK, Efron JE .
The independent effect of cancer on outcomes: a potential limitation of surgical risk prediction.
J Surg Res 2017 Dec;220:402-09.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.08.039.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Cancer, Digestive Disease and Health, Risk, Surgery
Zenga J, Suko J, Kallogjeri D
Postoperative hemorrhage and hospital revisit after transoral robotic surgery.
The researchers investigated the incidence and complications related to postoperative hemorrhage (POH) after transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Using HCUP data, they found that the incidence of POH after TORS was low, and few of these patients had a severe complication related to this event. Medical comorbidity and tonsillar subsite may be independent risk factors for POH.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Zenga J, Suko J, Kallogjeri D .
Postoperative hemorrhage and hospital revisit after transoral robotic surgery.
Laryngoscope 2017 Oct;127(10):2287-92. doi: 10.1002/lary.26626.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery, Adverse Events, Risk
Jackson SS, Leekha S, Magder LS
Electronically available comorbidities should be used in surgical site infection risk adjustment.
A multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgical procedures at 28 US hospitals was performed. The authors developed a well-performing risk adjustment model for surgical site infections (SSI) using electronically available comorbidities. Healthcare-associated infections, such as SSIs, are used by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as pay-for-performance metrics. The authors recommended that comorbidity-based risk adjustment should be strongly considered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and CMS to adequately compare SSI rates across hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS022291.
Citation: Jackson SS, Leekha S, Magder LS .
Electronically available comorbidities should be used in surgical site infection risk adjustment.
Clin Infect Dis 2017 Sep 1;65(5):803-10. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix431..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Patient Safety, Risk, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events
Olsen MA, Nickel KB, Fraser VJ
Prevalence and predictors of postdischarge antibiotic use following mastectomy.
This study determined utilization, predictors, and outcomes of postdischarge prophylactic antibiotics after mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction. The study conclude that prophylactic postdischarge antibiotics are commonly prescribed after mastectomy; immediate reconstruction is the strongest predictor. The authors recommended stewardship efforts in this population to limit continuation of prophylactic antibiotics after discharge are needed to limit antimicrobial resistance.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Olsen MA, Nickel KB, Fraser VJ .
Prevalence and predictors of postdischarge antibiotic use following mastectomy.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017 Sep;38(9):1048-54. doi: 10.1017/ice.2017.128.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication, Patient Safety, Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Prevention, Adverse Events, Risk
Cramer JD, Patel UA, Maas MB
Is neck dissection associated with an increased risk of postoperative stroke?
The researchers investigated whether neck dissection is an independent risk factor for postoperative stroke. They found that the rate of postoperative stroke was greater with neck dissection than without it and concluded that stroke is a rare but highly morbid complication after head and neck surgery. Compared with other head and neck surgery, neck dissection in patients at risk for carotid artery stenosis is associated with an increased risk of postoperative stroke.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Cramer JD, Patel UA, Maas MB .
Is neck dissection associated with an increased risk of postoperative stroke?
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Aug;157(2):226-32. doi: 10.1177/0194599817698414.
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Keywords: Orthopedics, Quality Improvement, Risk, Stroke, Surgery
Roxbury CR, Li L, Rhee D
Safety and perioperative adverse events in pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery: an ACS-NSQIP-P analysis.
This study describes safety outcomes of pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) to identify risk factors for 30-day postoperative adverse events using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric (NSQIP-P) database. It concluded that urgent/emergent procedures carry the greatest risk of postoperative adverse events, and black children are significantly more likely to undergo higher acuity surgery than white children.
AHRQ-funded; HS022932.
Citation: Roxbury CR, Li L, Rhee D .
Safety and perioperative adverse events in pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery: an ACS-NSQIP-P analysis.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2017 Aug;7(8):827-36. doi: 10.1002/alr.21954.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Quality Improvement, Risk, Surgery
Papaleontiou M, Hughes DT, Guo C
Population-based assessment of complications following surgery for thyroid cancer.
The researchers sought to determine thyroid cancer surgery complication rates and identify at-risk populations by using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database. They concluded that the rates of thyroid cancer surgery complications are higher than predicted, and patients with older age, more comorbidities, and advanced disease are at greatest risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Papaleontiou M, Hughes DT, Guo C .
Population-based assessment of complications following surgery for thyroid cancer.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017 Jul;102(7):2543-51. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-00255.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Cancer, Risk, Risk, Surgery
Macht R, Cassidy R, Cabral H
Evaluating organizational factors associated with postoperative bariatric surgery readmissions.
This study evaluated the association between readmissions and several organizational factors, including compliance with best practices to reduce unplanned hospital visits, major complication rates, and the emergency department-sourced readmission rate. It concluded that bariatric centers with higher rates of major complications and sites with emergency departments that are less likely to treat and discharge patients are more likely to have higher readmission rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS023621.
Citation: Macht R, Cassidy R, Cabral H .
Evaluating organizational factors associated with postoperative bariatric surgery readmissions.
Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017 Jun;13(6):1004-09. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.12.029.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Surgery, Hospital Readmissions, Risk
Jacobs BL, He C, Li BY
Variation in readmission expenditures after high-risk surgery.
The researchers sought to investigate readmission intensity as measured by readmission cost for high-risk surgeries and examine predictors of higher readmission costs. They found that the 30-day readmission rate was 16 percent for major chest and 22 percent for major abdominal surgery. Discharge to a skilled nursing facility was associated with higher readmission costs for both chest and abdominal surgeries.
AHRQ-funded; HS024403; HS023621.
Citation: Jacobs BL, He C, Li BY .
Variation in readmission expenditures after high-risk surgery.
J Surg Res 2017 Jun 1;213:60-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.017.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery, Hospital Readmissions, Healthcare Costs, Risk
Harris AD, Pineles L, Anderson D
Which comorbid conditions should we be analyzing as risk factors for healthcare-associated infections?
This study sought to determine which comorbid conditions are considered causally related to central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and surgical-site infection (SSI) based on expert consensus. Its results have produced a list of comorbid conditions that should be analyzed as risk factors for and further explored for risk adjustment of CLABSI and SSI.
AHRQ-funded; HS022291.
Citation: Harris AD, Pineles L, Anderson D .
Which comorbid conditions should we be analyzing as risk factors for healthcare-associated infections?
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017 Apr;38(4):449-54. doi: 10.1017/ice.2016.314.
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Keywords: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Risk, Surgery
Graboyes EM, Kallogjeri D, Saeed MJ
30-day hospital readmission following otolaryngology surgery: analysis of a state inpatient database.
Researchers sought to determine patient and hospital-level risk factors associated with 30-day readmission for patients undergoing inpatient otolaryngologic surgery. Approximately one out of 12 patients undergoing otolaryngologic surgery had a 30-day readmission. Readmissions occur across a variety of types of procedures and hospitals. Most of the variability was driven by patient-specific factors, not structural hospital characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Graboyes EM, Kallogjeri D, Saeed MJ .
30-day hospital readmission following otolaryngology surgery: analysis of a state inpatient database.
Laryngoscope 2017 Feb;127(2):337-45. doi: 10.1002/lary.25997.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Risk, Surgery
Nabozny MJ, Kruser JM, Steffens NM
Patient-reported limitations to surgical buy-in: a qualitative study of patients facing high-risk surgery.
The researchers characterized how patients buy-in to treatments beyond the operating room and what limits they would place on additional life-supporting treatments. Their recordings of patients' pre- and post-operative conversations with surgeons showed that patients expressed trust in their surgeon to make decisions about additional treatments if a serious complication occurred. However, patients expressed a preference for significant treatment limitations that were not discussed with their surgeon preoperatively.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Nabozny MJ, Kruser JM, Steffens NM .
Patient-reported limitations to surgical buy-in: a qualitative study of patients facing high-risk surgery.
Ann Surg 2017 Jan;265(1):97-102. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001645.
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Keywords: Surgery, Palliative Care, Risk, Clinician-Patient Communication, Patient Safety