National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Adverse Events (7)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (2)
- Antibiotics (3)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (6)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) (7)
- Children/Adolescents (4)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (1)
- Clostridium difficile Infections (6)
- Communication (1)
- Community-Acquired Infections (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) (1)
- Critical Care (3)
- Data (1)
- Disparities (2)
- Elderly (2)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Guidelines (3)
- (-) Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (51)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (2)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Home Healthcare (2)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Hospitalization (2)
- Hospitals (5)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (5)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (4)
- Long-Term Care (2)
- Medical Devices (1)
- Medicare (2)
- Medication (4)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (5)
- Mortality (1)
- Nursing Homes (3)
- Orthopedics (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (4)
- Patient Safety (25)
- Patient Self-Management (1)
- Pneumonia (4)
- Practice Patterns (3)
- Pressure Ulcers (1)
- Prevention (13)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality Improvement (5)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality Measures (1)
- Quality of Care (10)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (3)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Risk (3)
- Sepsis (2)
- Surgery (11)
- Teams (2)
- Telehealth (1)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (5)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 51 Research Studies DisplayedMiller LG, McKinnell JA, Singh RD
Decolonization in nursing homes to prevent infection and hospitalization.
Researchers conducted a cluster-randomized trial of universal decolonization as compared with routine-care bathing in nursing homes. Data were obtained from 28 nursing homes. The results indicated that universal decolonization with chlorhexidine and nasal iodophor led to a significantly lower risk of transfer to a hospital due to infection than routine care.
AHRQ-funded; HS024286.
Citation: Miller LG, McKinnell JA, Singh RD .
Decolonization in nursing homes to prevent infection and hospitalization.
N Engl J Med 2023 Nov 9; 389(19):1766-77. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2215254..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Keller SC, Hannum SM, Weems K
Implementing and validating a home-infusion central-line-associated bloodstream infection surveillance definition.
Researchers tested the validity of a home-infusion central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance definition and the feasibility and acceptability of its implementation. Their study was conducted in large home-infusion agencies in a CLABSI prevention collaborative in 14 states and the District of Columbia and included semistructured interviews with staff performing home-infusion CLABSI surveillance. The results showed that the home-infusion CLABSI surveillance definition was valid and would be feasible to implement.
AHRQ-funded; HS027819.
Citation: Keller SC, Hannum SM, Weems K .
Implementing and validating a home-infusion central-line-associated bloodstream infection surveillance definition.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023 Nov; 44(11):1748-59. doi: 10.1017/ice.2023.70..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Thom KA, Rock C, Robinson GL
Direct gloving vs hand hygiene before donning gloves in adherence to hospital infection control practices: a cluster randomized clinical trial.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a direct-gloving policy on adherence to infection prevention control practices in a hospital setting. In this study, hospital units were randomly assigned to either the intervention (hand hygiene not required before putting on gloves) or to usual care (hand hygiene required prior to before putting on nonsterile gloves). The primary study outcome was adherence to the expected practice upon room entry and room exit. Thirteen hospital units participated in the trial, and 3,790 health care personnel (HCP) were observed. The study found that adherence to expected practice was higher in the 6 units with the direct-gloving intervention than in the 7 usual care units even when controlling for baseline hand hygiene rates, unit type, and universal gloving policies. The intervention had no effect on hand hygiene adherence measured at entry to non-contact precautions rooms or at room exit. The intervention was related with increased total bacteria colony counts and increased detection of pathogenic bacteria on gloves in the ED and reduced colony counts in pediatrics units, with no change in either total colony count for adult intensive care unit or presence of pathogenic bacteria for adult intensive care unit.
AHRQ-funded; HS024108.
Citation: Thom KA, Rock C, Robinson GL .
Direct gloving vs hand hygiene before donning gloves in adherence to hospital infection control practices: a cluster randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Oct 2; 6(10):e2336758. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36758..
Keywords: Hospitals, Patient Safety, Guidelines, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Ojala F, Sater MRA, Miller LG
Bayesian modeling of the impact of antibiotic resistance on the efficiency of MRSA decolonization.
The authors analyzed how the persistence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization correlates with the genomic presence of antibiotic resistance genes. Using a Bayesian mixed effects survival model, they found that genetic determinants of high-level resistance to mupirocin was strongly associated with failure of the decolonization protocol, but they did not find a similar effect with genetic resistance to chlorhexidine or other antibiotics. They concluded that these results highlight the need to consider the properties of the colonizing MRSA strain when deciding which treatments to include in the decolonization protocol.
AHRQ-funded; HS019388.
Citation: Ojala F, Sater MRA, Miller LG .
Bayesian modeling of the impact of antibiotic resistance on the efficiency of MRSA decolonization.
PLoS Comput Biol 2023 Oct; 19(10):e1010898. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010898..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication
Metersky ML, Wang Y, Klompas M
Temporal trends in postoperative and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the United States.
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess change in rates of postoperative pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia among patients hospitalized in the United States during 2009-2019. The study found that among 58,618 patients undergoing major surgical procedures between 2009 and 2019, the observed rate of postoperative pneumonia from 2009-2011 was 1.9% and decreased to 1.3% during 2017-2019. The adjusted annual risk each year, compared to the prior year, was 0.94. Among 4,007 patients hospitalized for any of the 4 conditions at risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia during 2009-2019, the researchers did not detect a significant change in observed or adjusted rates. Observed rates clustered around 10%, and adjusted annual risk compared to the prior year was 0.99.
AHRQ-funded; 290201800005C.
Citation: Metersky ML, Wang Y, Klompas M .
Temporal trends in postoperative and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the United States.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023 Aug; 44(8):1247-54. doi: 10.1017/ice.2022.264..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
Kamineni M, Ötleş Meng E, Oh J
Prospective evaluation of data-driven models to predict daily risk of Clostridioides difficile infection at 2 large academic health centers.
The purpose of this prospective study was to assess a data-driven approach for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) risk prediction that had previously demonstrated a high performance in retrospective evaluations at 2 large academic health centers. The final retrospective cohort included 18,030 admissions (138 CDI cases) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and 25,341admissions (158 CDI cases) at Michigan Medicine. The prospective cohort included 13,712 admissions (119 CDI cases) at MGH and 26,864 admissions (190 CDI cases) at MM. At MGH, the model achieved area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC). AUROCs of 0.744 in the retrospective cohort and 0.748 in the prospective cohort. At MM, the model achieved AUROCs of 0.778 in the retrospective cohort and 0.767 in the prospective cohort. The AUROCs for predicting CDI risk on both retrospective and prospective cohorts were similar each month and did not exhibit significant monthly variation throughout either assessment period.
AHRQ-funded; HS027431.
Citation: Kamineni M, Ötleş Meng E, Oh J .
Prospective evaluation of data-driven models to predict daily risk of Clostridioides difficile infection at 2 large academic health centers.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023 Jul; 44(7):1163-66. doi: 10.1017/ice.2022.218..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Risk
MacEwan SR, Gaughan AA, Beal EW
Concerns and frustrations about the public reporting of device-related healthcare-associated infections: perspectives of hospital leaders and staff.
The purpose of this study was to explore the specific concerns of hospital leaders and staff regarding the identification and public reporting of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Between 2017 and 2019 the researchers conducted interviews with 471 participants including hospitals leaders and hospital staff across 18 United States hospitals. The study found that interviewees discussed concerns about public reporting of HAI data, including a lack of trust in the data and unintended consequences of its public reporting, as well as particular frustrations with the identification and accountability for publicly-reported HAIs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024958.
Citation: MacEwan SR, Gaughan AA, Beal EW .
Concerns and frustrations about the public reporting of device-related healthcare-associated infections: perspectives of hospital leaders and staff.
Am J Infect Control 2023 Jun; 51(6):633-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.08.003..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Provider: Health Personnel
Ye S, Li D, Yu T
The impact of surgical volume on hospital ranking using the standardized infection ratio.
Researchers investigated the effect of surgical volume on the accuracy of identifying poorly performing hospitals. Their research was based on the standardized infection ratio, and they applied their proposed method to data from HCA Healthcare from 2014-2016 on surgical site infections in colon surgery patients. They concluded that minimum surgical volumes and predicted events criteria are required to make hospital evaluation reliable, and that these criteria may vary by overall prevalence and between-hospital variability.
AHRQ-funded; HS027791.
Citation: Ye S, Li D, Yu T .
The impact of surgical volume on hospital ranking using the standardized infection ratio.
Sci Rep 2023 May 10; 13(1):7624. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-33937-y..
Keywords: Hospitals, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Provider Performance, Quality of Care
Oladapo-Shittu O, Hannum SM, Salinas AB
The need to expand the infection prevention workforce in home infusion therapy.
This study looked at the prevalence of formal surveillance and infection prevention training for home infusion staff. The authors interviewed home infusion staff who perform surveillance activities about barriers to and facilitators for central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance and identified barriers to training in CLABSI surveillance. Their findings showed a lack of formal surveillance training which can be addressed by by adapting existing training resources to the home infusion setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS027819.
Citation: Oladapo-Shittu O, Hannum SM, Salinas AB .
The need to expand the infection prevention workforce in home infusion therapy.
Am J Infect Control 2023 May; 51(5):594-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.11.008.AHRQ-funded; HS027819..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention, Home Healthcare, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
Sanghavi P, Chen Z
Underreporting of quality measures and associated facility characteristics and racial disparities in US nursing home ratings.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nursing home characteristics and reporting of 2 of 3 specific clinical outcomes reported by the Nursing Home Care Compare (NHCC) website: major injury falls and pressure ulcers. The researchers of this quality improvement study utilized hospitalization data for all Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. Hospital admission claims for major injury falls and pressure ulcers were linked with facility-reported evaluations at the nursing home resident level. For each linked hospital claim, it was determined whether the nursing home had reported the event and rates of reporting were computed. To evaluate whether nursing homes reported similarly on both measures, the researchers estimated the relationship between reporting of major injury falls and pressure ulcers within a nursing home, and explored racial and ethnic disparities that could otherwise explain the associations. The study sample included 13,179 nursing homes where 131,000 residents experienced major injury fall or pressure ulcer hospitalizations. Of the 98,669 major injury fall hospitalizations, 60.0% were reported, and of the 39,894 stage 3 or 4 pressure ulcer hospitalizations, 67.7% were reported. Underreporting for both conditions was pervasive, with 69.9% and 71.7% of nursing homes having reporting rates less than 80% for major injury fall and pressure ulcer hospitalizations, respectively. Lower reporting rates had few correlations with facility characteristics other than racial and ethnic composition. Facilities with high vs low fall reporting rates had significantly more White residents (86.9% vs 73.3%), and facilities with high vs low pressure ulcer reporting rates had significantly fewer White residents (69.7% vs 74.9%).
AHRQ-funded; HS026957.
Citation: Sanghavi P, Chen Z .
Underreporting of quality measures and associated facility characteristics and racial disparities in US nursing home ratings.
JAMA Netw Open 2023 May; 6(5):e2314822. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14822..
Keywords: Quality Measures, Quality of Care, Elderly, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Nursing Homes, Pressure Ulcers, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Quality Indicators (QIs), Long-Term Care
Morgan DJ, Dubberke ER, Hink T
The impact of universal glove and gown use on Clostridioides difficile acquisition: a cluster-randomized trial.
This article described a secondary analysis of a cluster-randomized trial in medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in 20 US hospitals to assess whether universal gown and glove use decreases Clostridioides difficile infection. ICUs were randomized to standard practice for glove and gown use versus all healthcare workers required to wear gloves and gowns for all patient contact or when entering a patient room. The results showed no significant difference in the rate of toxigenic C. difficile with universal gown and glove use.
AHRQ-funded; HS025456.
Citation: Morgan DJ, Dubberke ER, Hink T .
The impact of universal glove and gown use on Clostridioides difficile acquisition: a cluster-randomized trial.
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Feb 8; 76(3):e1202-e07. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac519..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention
Gregory ME, MacEwan SR, Sova LN
A qualitative examination of interprofessional teamwork for infection prevention: development of a model and solutions.
The objective of this study was to investigate the role of interprofessional teamwork in the prevention of health care-associated infections (HAIs), focusing on central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention. The authors interviewed participating physicians, nurses, and other staff from 18 hospitals about interprofessional collaboration, and proposed an Input-Mediator-Output-Input (IMOI) model as well as strategies to support teamwork for the prevention of HAIs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024958.
Citation: Gregory ME, MacEwan SR, Sova LN .
A qualitative examination of interprofessional teamwork for infection prevention: development of a model and solutions.
Med Care Res Rev 2023 Feb;80(1):30-42. doi: 10.1177/10775587221103973..
Keywords: Teams, Prevention, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
McNeil JC, Sommer LM, Vallejo JG
Going back in time: Increasing penicillin susceptibility among methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children.
Researchers investigated the prevalence of penicillin susceptibility (PSSA) among pediatric methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) acute hematogenous osteoarticular infection (OAI) isolates; the isolates were obtained through surveillance studies at Texas Children's and St. Louis Children's Hospitals. Overall, PSSA isolates were found to be associated with a similar clinical presentation as penicillin-resistant isolates. The researchers concluded that potential for use of penicillin treatment in PSSA OAI merits further study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026896'HS021736' HS024269.
Citation: McNeil JC, Sommer LM, Vallejo JG .
Going back in time: Increasing penicillin susceptibility among methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023 Jan 24; 67(1):e0119622. doi: 10.1128/aac.01196-22..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication, Prevention
Goto M, Hasegawa S, Balkenende EC
Effectiveness of ultraviolet-c disinfection on hospital-onset gram-negative rod bloodstream infection: a nationwide stepped-wedge time-series analysis.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of enhanced terminal room cleaning with ultraviolet C (UV-C) disinfection in reducing gram-negative rod (GNR) infections. The authors used information regarding UV-C use and the timing of implementation through a survey of all Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospitals providing inpatient acute care from January 2010 and December 2018. Among 128 Veterans Health Administration hospitals, 120 provided complete survey responses with 40 reporting implementations of UV-C systems. UV-C use was associated with a 19% lower incident of hospital-onset (HO) GNR bloodstream infection (BSI).
AHRQ-funded; HS027472.
Citation: Goto M, Hasegawa S, Balkenende EC .
Effectiveness of ultraviolet-c disinfection on hospital-onset gram-negative rod bloodstream infection: a nationwide stepped-wedge time-series analysis.
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Jan 13; 76(2):291-98. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac776..
Keywords: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Prevention, Sepsis
Patel P, Deshpande A, Yu PC
Association of fluoroquinolones or cephalosporin plus macrolide with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) after treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between the antibiotic regimens of empiric therapy with a respiratory fluoroquinolone or cephalosporin plus macrolide combination and the development of hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). The researchers used data from 638 United States hospitals and included adults admitted with pneumonia and discharged from July 2010 through June 2015 with a pneumonia diagnosis code who received 3 or more days of either antibiotic regimen. The study sample included 58,060 patients treated with either cephalosporin plus macrolide (36,796 patients) or a fluoroquinolone alone (21,264 patients). 0.35% of patients who received cephalosporin plus macrolide and 0.31% who received a fluoroquinolone developed CDI, making CDI risks similar for fluoroquinolones versus cephalosporin plus macrolide.
AHRQ-funded; HS024277.
Citation: Patel P, Deshpande A, Yu PC .
Association of fluoroquinolones or cephalosporin plus macrolide with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) after treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023 Jan; 44(1):47-54. doi: 10.1017/ice.2022.60..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication, Infectious Diseases, Community-Acquired Infections
Bundy DG, Gaur AH, Billett AL
Preventing CLABSIs among pediatric hematology/oncology inpatients: national collaborative results.
This study assessed the feasibility of a multicenter effort to standardize central line (CL) care and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) tracking and to quantify the impact of standardizing these processes on CLABSI rates. It found a reduction of 28 percent in the mean CLABSI rate from 2.85 to 2.04 per 1,000 CL days over almost 3 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS019590
Citation: Bundy DG, Gaur AH, Billett AL .
Preventing CLABSIs among pediatric hematology/oncology inpatients: national collaborative results.
Pediatrics. 2014 Dec;134(6):e1678-85. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0582..
Keywords: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Quality of Care, Children/Adolescents
Sanger P, Hartzler A, Lober WB
Design considerations for post-acute care mHealth: patient perspectives.
The authors are developing an mHealth platform to engage patients in wound tracking to identify and manage surgical site infections (SSI) after hospital discharge. Their key design qualities include: meeting basic accessibility, usability and security needs; encouraging patient-centeredness; facilitating better, more predictable communication; and supporting personalized management by providers. In this article, they illustrated their application of these guiding design considerations and proposed a new framework for mHealth design based on illness duration and intensity.
AHRQ-funded; HS019482.
Citation: Sanger P, Hartzler A, Lober WB .
Design considerations for post-acute care mHealth: patient perspectives.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2014 Nov 14;2014:1920-9.
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Keywords: Telehealth, Patient Self-Management, Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospital Discharge, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Adverse Events
Segal CG, Waller DK, Tilley B
An evaluation of differences in risk factors for individual types of surgical site infections after colon surgery.
The authors developed four independent, multivariate, predictive models to assess the unique associations between risk factors and each surgical site infection (SSI) group: superficial, deep, organ space, and an aggregate of all 3 types of SSIs. They found that unique risks for superficial SSIs include diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and dyspnea; deep SSIs had the greatest magnitude of association with BMI and the greatest incidence of wound disruption; and organ space SSIs were often owing to anastomotic leaks and were uniquely associated with disseminated cancer, preoperative dialysis, preoperative radiation treatment, and a bleeding disorder. They concluded that more effective prevention strategies may be developed by reporting and examining each type of SSI separately.
AHRQ-funded; HS021857.
Citation: Segal CG, Waller DK, Tilley B .
An evaluation of differences in risk factors for individual types of surgical site infections after colon surgery.
Surgery 2014 Nov;156(5):1253-60. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.05.010.
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Keywords: Risk, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Surgery, Patient Safety
Fritz SA, Hogan PG, Singh LN
Contamination of environmental surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus in households with children infected with methicillin-resistant S aureus.
This study of the households of 50 children with active or recent culture-positive community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection found MRSA-contaminated surfaces in 23 of the 50 households, most frequently form the bed linens (18 percent), television remote control (16 percent), and bathroom hand towel (15 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS021736
Citation: Fritz SA, Hogan PG, Singh LN .
Contamination of environmental surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus in households with children infected with methicillin-resistant S aureus.
JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Nov;168(11):1030-8. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.1218..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Children/Adolescents, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Bish EK, El-Amine H, Steighner LA
A socio-technical, probabilistic risk assessment model for surgical site infections in ambulatory surgery centers.
The researchers sought to identify the risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) resulting from procedures performed at ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) and to design an intervention to mitigate the likelihood of SSIs for the most common risk factors that were identified by the socio-technical probabilistic risk assessment (ST-PRA) tool for a particular surgical procedure. They found that failure to protect the patient effectively accounted for 51.9% of SSIs in the ambulatory care setting. Critical components of this event included skin preparation, antibiotic administration, staff training, proper response to glove punctures during surgery, and adherence to surgical preparation rules related to the wearing of jewelry, watches, and artificial nails. They determined that, assuming a 75% reduction in noncompliance on any combination of 2 of these 5 components, the risk for an SSI decreased.
AHRQ-funded; 290200600019I.
Citation: Bish EK, El-Amine H, Steighner LA .
A socio-technical, probabilistic risk assessment model for surgical site infections in ambulatory surgery centers.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S133-41. doi: 10.1086/677824.
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Keywords: Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Risk, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events
Warren DK, Nickel KB, Wallace AE
Can additional information be obtained from claims data to support surgical site infection diagnosis codes?
The authors sought to confirm a claims algorithm to identify surgical site infections (SSIs) by examining the presence of clinically expected SSI treatment. They found that over 94% of patients identified by their claims algorithm as having an SSI received clinically expected treatment for infection, including antibiotics, surgical treatment, and culture, suggesting that this algorithm has very good positive predictive value. They concluded that their method may facilitate retrospective SSI surveillance and comparison of SSI rates across facilities and providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS019713.
Citation: Warren DK, Nickel KB, Wallace AE .
Can additional information be obtained from claims data to support surgical site infection diagnosis codes?
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S124-32. doi: 10.1086/677830.
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Keywords: Data, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events
Huang SS, Septimus E, TR TR
Cost savings of universal decolonization to prevent intensive care unit infection: implications of the REDUCE MRSA trial.
The researchers estimated the incremental effect on healthcare costs associated with targeted decolonization and universal decolonization compared with screening and isolation, which is considered the current standard of care. They found that a strategy of universal decolonization for patients admitted to the ICU would both reduce bloodstream infections and like reduce healthcare costs when compared to other strategies.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000008I; 29032007T.
Citation: Huang SS, Septimus E, TR TR .
Cost savings of universal decolonization to prevent intensive care unit infection: implications of the REDUCE MRSA trial.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S23-31. doi: 10.1086/677819..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Quality of Care, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Patient Safety
Septimus EJ, Hayden MK, Kleinman K
Does chlorhexidine bathing in adult intensive care units reduce blood culture contamination? A pragmatic cluster-randomized trial.
The investigators determined rates of blood culture contamination comparing 3 strategies to prevent intensive care unit (ICU) infections: screening and isolation, targeted decolonization, and universal decolonization. They demonstrated that universal decolonization with mupirocin and chlorhexidine bathing resulted in a significant reduction in blood culture contamination.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000008I; 290032007T.
Citation: Septimus EJ, Hayden MK, Kleinman K .
Does chlorhexidine bathing in adult intensive care units reduce blood culture contamination? A pragmatic cluster-randomized trial.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S17-22. doi: 10.1086/677822.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Sepsis
Fakih MG, Krein SL, Edson B
AHRQ Author: Battles JB
Engaging health care workers to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection and avert patient harm.
This article discusses catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention efforts, describes the national collaboration between different organizations, briefly reviews the technical and socio-adaptive components of the program, and specifically describes an approach to engaging health care workers as an essential part of CAUTI prevention and averting patient harm.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201000025I; 29032001T
Citation: Fakih MG, Krein SL, Edson B .
Engaging health care workers to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection and avert patient harm.
Am J Infect Control. 2014 Oct;42(10 Suppl):S223-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.355..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Prevention, Practice Patterns, Quality Improvement
Fakih MG, Krein SL, Edson B
AHRQ Author: Battles JB
Engaging health care workers to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection and avert patient harm.
The "On the CUSP: Stop CAUTI" initiative represents the single largest national effort to mitigate urinary catheter risk. The program brings together key organizations to assist hospitals by providing education and coaching support. Continuity is secured by integrating the process into the health care worker's daily routine activities.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201000025I; 29032001T.
Citation: Fakih MG, Krein SL, Edson B .
Engaging health care workers to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection and avert patient harm.
Am J Infect Control 2014 Oct;42(10 Suppl):S223-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.355.
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Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Prevention, Practice Patterns