National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (5)
- (-) Chronic Conditions (8)
- Diabetes (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Elderly (2)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (4)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1)
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- Medical Devices (1)
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- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
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- Quality of Care (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- (-) Risk (8)
- Stroke (1)
- Surgery (3)
- Transplantation (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedMontgomery JR, Waits SA, Dimick JB
Risks of bariatric surgery among patients with end-stage renal disease.
Pretransplant morbid obesity among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a significant predictor of delayed access to transplant and inferior posttransplant patient and kidney allograft outcomes. In this study, the authors performed an analysis of perioperative safety of bariatric surgery in obese patients with ESRD using a national registry capturing greater than 95% of bariatric operations.
AHRQ-funded; HS025778.
Citation: Montgomery JR, Waits SA, Dimick JB .
Risks of bariatric surgery among patients with end-stage renal disease.
JAMA Surg 2019 Dec;154(12):1160-62. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2019.2824..
Keywords: Surgery, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Kidney Disease and Health, Transplantation, Risk, Chronic Conditions
Parchman ML, Anderson ML, Dorr DA
A randomized trial of external practice support to improve cardiovascular risk factors in primary care.
Researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of adding various forms of enhanced external support to practice facilitation on primary care practices' clinical quality measure (CQM) performance. They concluded that, although they found no significant differences in CQM performance across study arms, the ability of a practice to reach a target level of performance may be enhanced by adding both educational outreach visits and shared learning to practice facilitation.
AHRQ-funded; HS023908.
Citation: Parchman ML, Anderson ML, Dorr DA .
A randomized trial of external practice support to improve cardiovascular risk factors in primary care.
Ann Fam Med 2019 Aug 12;17(Suppl 1):S40-s49. doi: 10.1370/afm.2407..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Primary Care, Quality Improvement, Provider Performance, Quality Measures, Quality of Care, Risk, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Chronic Conditions
Dy CJ, Peacock K, Olsen MA
Frequency and risk factors for prolonged opioid prescriptions after surgery for brachial plexus injury.
This study examined risk of prolonged opioid prescription use after surgery for brachial plexus injury (BPI). A cohort of BPI surgery patients was compared to a control group of non-BPI patients, matching for age, sex, and year. Pharmacy claims for prescriptions filled for opioids and neuropathic pain methods were examined 1 year before surgery to 180 days after surgery. The primary outcome studied was prolonged opioid prescription, which is defined as receiving a prescription 90 to 180 days after the surgery or randomly selected date of service for controls. Among BPI patients, a subgroup analysis was also performed on opioid-naïve patients between 30 days to 1 year before surgery. Among BPI surgery patients, 27.7% had prolonged opioid prescriptions, but only 10.8% of opioid-naïve patients had prolonged opioid prescriptions. The rate for controls was 0.11%. The rates of prolonged opioid prescriptions for BPI patients was higher than previous estimates among other surgical patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Dy CJ, Peacock K, Olsen MA .
Frequency and risk factors for prolonged opioid prescriptions after surgery for brachial plexus injury.
J Hand Surg Am 2019 Aug;44(8):662-68.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2019.04.001..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Surgery, Pain, Practice Patterns, Risk, Chronic Conditions
Mentias A, Shantha G, Adeola O
Role of diabetes and insulin use in the risk of stroke and acute myocardial infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation: a Medicare analysis.
This study examined the role of diabetes and insulin use in the risk of stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). A cohort of Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnoses with AF from 2011 to 2013 were identified. The cohort was divided into those with diabetes requiring insulin (6.7%), those with diabetes not requiring insulin (31.3%) and non-diabetics (62%). Diabetics requiring insulin were at the greatest risk of stroke and AMI, and diabetics not requiring insulin were at slightly lower risk, but non-diabetics had the lowest risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Mentias A, Shantha G, Adeola O .
Role of diabetes and insulin use in the risk of stroke and acute myocardial infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation: a Medicare analysis.
Am Heart J 2019 Aug;214:158-66. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2019.05.003..
Keywords: Diabetes, Stroke, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Chronic Conditions, Elderly
Hajduk AM, Gurwitz JH, Tabada G
Influence of multimorbidity on burden and appropriateness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies.
Researchers sought to determine whether burden of multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) influences the risk of receiving inappropriate vs appropriate device therapies. They studied adults with left ventricular systolic dysfunction receiving an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention. In these patients, they found that MCC burden was independently associated with an increased risk of inappropriate but not appropriate device therapies. They recommended considering comorbidity burden when engaging patients in shared decision making about ICD implantation.
AHRQ-funded; 290050033.
Citation: Hajduk AM, Gurwitz JH, Tabada G .
Influence of multimorbidity on burden and appropriateness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Jul;67(7):1370-78. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15839..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Chronic Conditions, Medical Devices, Prevention, Elderly, Risk, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Kang M, Kempker JA
Definitions, epidemiology, clinical risk factors, and health disparities in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
This case definition introduces challenges to the reliable and accurate epidemiologic study of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Within these limitations, ARDS appears to be a condition that is relatively rare within the general population but common within the context of the intensive care unit. Furthermore, the frequency and outcomes of ARDS seem to vary between populations, with no clearly discernible temporal trends in incidence or case fatality that are uniform across studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS025240.
Citation: Kang M, Kempker JA .
Definitions, epidemiology, clinical risk factors, and health disparities in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2019 Feb;40(1):3-11. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1683884..
Keywords: Disparities, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk
Dunn T, Saeed MJ, Shpigel A
The association of preoperative cardiac stress testing with 30-day death and myocardial infarction among patients undergoing kidney transplantation.
This study examined whether the use of preoperative cardiac stress testing of patients undergoing kidney transplantation reduced 30-day- death and myocardial infarction post-transplantation. ESRD patients 40 years or older with primary Medicare insurance between 2006 and 2013 were identified using the United States Renal Data System. In a matched cohort of 17,304 patients, there was little difference in 30-day post-transplantation mortality and myocardial infarction between those receiving a stress test and those who did not.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Dunn T, Saeed MJ, Shpigel A .
The association of preoperative cardiac stress testing with 30-day death and myocardial infarction among patients undergoing kidney transplantation.
PLoS One 2019 Feb;14(2):e0211161. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211161..
Keywords: Transplantation, Kidney Disease and Health, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk, Surgery
Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Moore RD
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Adults with HIV have an increased burden of non-AIDS-defining cancers, myocardial infarction, end-stage liver disease, and end-stage renal disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of preventable or modifiable HIV-related and traditional risk factors for non-AIDS-defining cancers, myocardial infarction, end-stage liver disease, and end-stage renal disease outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Moore RD .
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Lancet HIV 2019 Feb;6(2):e93-e104. doi: 10.1016/s2352-3018(18)30295-9.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Kidney Disease and Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Heart Disease and Health, Risk