National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Antibiotics (5)
- Asthma (6)
- Care Management (1)
- Case Study (1)
- Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (10)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
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- Inpatient Care (1)
- (-) Medication (10)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Opioids (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- (-) Respiratory Conditions (10)
- Risk (2)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedKan K, Shaunfield S, Kanaley M
Health provider perspectives of electronic medication monitoring in outpatient asthma care: a qualitative investigation using the consolidated framework for implementation research.
This study’s objective was to quantitatively explore the experience of health providers using electronic medication monitoring (EMM) in pediatric outpatient asthma care. The authors conducted interviews with 10 health providers using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR) on their EMM experience with asthma patients from 5 primary care or specialty clinics. The EMM tracked albuterol and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use. Health providers called parents whenever ICS adherence waned, or albuterol use increased. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and deductively analyzed. Most providers felt the intervention improved care delivery, but implementation of the intervention model would require additional employees to handle the increased administrative and clinical workload.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Kan K, Shaunfield S, Kanaley M .
Health provider perspectives of electronic medication monitoring in outpatient asthma care: a qualitative investigation using the consolidated framework for implementation research.
J Asthma 2022 Feb;59(2):342-51. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1846745..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Medication, Ambulatory Care and Surgery
Nair AA, Farber HJ, Chen H
Utilization of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics in Medicaid and CHIP enrolled children with current asthma.
Opioid analgesics are frequently dispensed in children despite its known risk in children with a compromised airway function. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of opioid analgesic dispensing in children with current asthma and to identify patient and prescriber factors associated with the dispensing of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics. The investigators concluded that opioid analgesics are frequently dispensed to children with asthma. A higher dispensing rate was observed among non-Hispanic White children and among those with a history of uncontrolled asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026790.
Citation: Nair AA, Farber HJ, Chen H .
Utilization of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics in Medicaid and CHIP enrolled children with current asthma.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021 Nov;30(11):1520-31. doi: 10.1002/pds.5336..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Opioids, Medication, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions
Turi KN, Gebretsadik T, Ding T
Dose, timing, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma.
The potential for prenatal antibiotic exposure to influence asthma risk is not clear. The investigators aimed to determine the effect of timing, dose, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure on the risk of childhood asthma. The investigators concluded that increased cumulative dose, early pregnancy first course, and broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure were associated with childhood asthma risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395; HS018454.
Citation: Turi KN, Gebretsadik T, Ding T .
Dose, timing, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Feb 1;72(3):455-62. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa085.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Antibiotics, Medication, Risk
Cotter JM, Tyler A, Reese J
Steroid variability in pediatric inpatient asthmatics: survey on provider preferences of dexamethasone versus prednisone.
This study looked at pediatric emergency department (ED) inpatient use of dexamethasone versus prednisone by providers for asthma treatment. A survey was distributed to providers who care for inpatient asthmatics. Ninety-two providers completed the survey. When patients received dexamethasone in the ED, 44% continued dexamethasone, 14% switched to prednisone, 2% stopped steroid use, and 40% said it depended on the circumstances. Hospitalists were significantly more likely to continue dexamethasone than pulmonologists (61% versus 15%). Switching to prednisone included factors such as severity of exacerbation (73%) and asthma history (47%). Just over half of providers (5f1%) felt uncomfortable using dexamethasone because of “minimal data to support [its] use inpatient.”
AHRQ-funded; HS026512.
Citation: Cotter JM, Tyler A, Reese J .
Steroid variability in pediatric inpatient asthmatics: survey on provider preferences of dexamethasone versus prednisone.
J Asthma 2020 Sep;57(9):942-48. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1622713..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Inpatient Care, Care Management, Hospitalization, Emergency Department, Practice Patterns, Provider: Physician, Provider
Beltran Ale G, Benscoter D, Hossain MM
Impact of respiratory viral polymerase chain reaction testing on de-escalation of antibiotic therapy in children who require chronic positive pressure ventilation.
This study examined whether positive viral infection results stops antibiotic use in children who require chronic positive pressure ventilation (CPPV) who are frequently hospitalized with acute respiratory infections. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 118 children on CPPV who had respiratory viral polymerase chain reaction (RVP) testing on admission. A viral pathogen was identified in 46.5% of the cases, with rhinovirus the most frequently identified. Antibiotic de-escalation occurred in only 33% of admissions and did not seem to impact antibiotic prescribing for hospitalized children on CPPV.
AHRQ-funded; HS012538.
Citation: Beltran Ale G, Benscoter D, Hossain MM .
Impact of respiratory viral polymerase chain reaction testing on de-escalation of antibiotic therapy in children who require chronic positive pressure ventilation.
Pediatr Pulmonol 2020 Aug;55(8):2150-55. doi: 10.1002/ppul.24884..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Antibiotics, Medication, Chronic Conditions
Thomson J, Hall M, Ambroggio L
Antibiotics for aspiration pneumonia in neurologically impaired children.
The objective of the study was to compare hospital outcomes associated with commonly used antibiotic therapies for aspiration pneumonia in children with neurologic impairment (NI). The investigators concluded that anaerobic therapy appeared to be important in the treatment of aspiration pneumonia in children with NI. They suggested that while Gram-negative coverage alone was associated with worse outcomes, its addition to anaerobic therapy may not yield improved outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025138.
Citation: Thomson J, Hall M, Ambroggio L .
Antibiotics for aspiration pneumonia in neurologically impaired children.
J Hosp Med 2020 Jul;15(7):395-402. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3338..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Neurological Disorders, Antibiotics, Medication, Outcomes
Donovan BM, Abreo A, Ding T
Dose, timing, and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma.
This study examined the association between dose, timing and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma. The study examined a cohort of 152,622 children enrolled in the Tennessee Medicaid Program. At least 79% had at least one antibiotic prescription fill during infancy. There was a 20% increase in odds of childhood asthma for each additional antibiotic filled. There was no significant association between timing, formulation, anaerobic coverage and class of antibiotics and childhood asthma. However, broad spectrum antibiotic fills increased the odds of development of childhood asthma compared to narrow spectrum only fills.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Donovan BM, Abreo A, Ding T .
Dose, timing, and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma.
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Apr 10;70(8):1658-65. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz448..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Antibiotics, Medication, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Risk, Chronic Conditions
Jones YO, Hubbell BB, Thomson J
Things we do for no reason: systemic corticosteroids for wheezing in preschool-aged children.
This installment of the “Things We Do For No Reason” series presents and discusses a case study concerning the administration of systemic corticosteroids in a 4-year-old child presenting with wheezing, tachypnea, and respiratory distress. The authors conclude that current evidence does not support the routine use of systemic corticosteroids for preschool-aged children admitted for mild to moderate wheezing episodes, and that the patient in the introductory case would likely receive no clinical benefit from dexamethasone treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS025138.
Citation: Jones YO, Hubbell BB, Thomson J .
Things we do for no reason: systemic corticosteroids for wheezing in preschool-aged children.
J Hosp Med 2019 Dec;14(12):774-76. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3255..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Asthma, Case Study, Shared Decision Making, Medication
Michelson KA, Monuteaux MC, Neuman MI
Glucocorticoids and hospital length of stay for children with anaphylaxis: a retrospective study.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether glucocorticoid administration is associated with improved outcomes in children with anaphylaxis. The investigators found that the use of glucocorticoids was inversely associated with prolonged length of stay among children hospitalized with anaphylaxis, but was not associated with 3-day emergency department revisits among discharged children, thus supporting the use of glucocorticoids in children hospitalized with anaphylaxis.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Michelson KA, Monuteaux MC, Neuman MI .
Glucocorticoids and hospital length of stay for children with anaphylaxis: a retrospective study.
J Pediatr 2015 Sep;167(3):719-24.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.05.033.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Respiratory Conditions, Respiratory Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Downes KJ, Rao MB, Kahill L
Daily serum creatinine monitoring promotes earlier detection of acute kidney injury in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of daily serum creatinine (SCr) measurement on amino-glycoside (AG)-associated acute kidney injury detection among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The study included 87 patients at a children’s hospital who received a total of 227 AG courses of 3 days or more.
AHRQ-funded; HS021114
Citation: Downes KJ, Rao MB, Kahill L .
Daily serum creatinine monitoring promotes earlier detection of acute kidney injury in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.
J Cyst Fibros. 2014 Jul;13(4):435-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2014.03.005..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Antibiotics, Children/Adolescents, Medication, Respiratory Conditions