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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
101 to 125 of 135 Research Studies DisplayedCohen JF, Gorski MT, Hoffman JA
Healthier standards for school meals and snacks: impact on school food revenues and lunch participation rates.
This study evaluated the impact of updated school meal standards and Massachusetts' comprehensive competitive food standards on school food revenues and school lunch participation. The study found that schools experienced initial revenue losses after implementation of the standards, yet longer-term school food revenues were not impacted and school meal participation increased among children eligible for reduced-price meals. Weakening the school meal or competitive food guidelines based on revenue concerns appears unwarranted.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Cohen JF, Gorski MT, Hoffman JA .
Healthier standards for school meals and snacks: impact on school food revenues and lunch participation rates.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Oct;51(4):485-92. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.031..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education, Nutrition
Saffran K, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Kass AE
Facebook usage among those who have received treatment for an eating disorder in a group setting.
The researchers explored Facebook use among individuals with a history of receiving treatment for an eating disorder (ED) in a group setting. They found that interactions on Facebook could affect patients' recovery and potential for relapse, suggesting that it may be helpful for treatment providers to discuss Facebook use and its potential benefits and drawbacks with patients preparing for discharge from group treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Saffran K, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Kass AE .
Facebook usage among those who have received treatment for an eating disorder in a group setting.
Int J Eat Disord 2016 Aug;49(8):764-77. doi: 10.1002/eat.22567.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Social Media
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Feasibility study of increasing social support to enhance a healthy lifestyle intervention for individuals with serious mental illness.
The authors assessed the feasibility of increasing support from family and friends to enhance a healthy lifestyle intervention (In SHAPE) adapted for individuals with serious mental illness. They found that participants reported high satisfaction and perceived benefits from the program, showing that the study design is feasible and that the intervention can facilitate social support for health behavior change in people with serios mental illness.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Feasibility study of increasing social support to enhance a healthy lifestyle intervention for individuals with serious mental illness.
J Soc Social Work Res 2016 Summer;7(2):289-313. doi: 10.1086/686486.
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Keywords: Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Nutrition, Obesity: Weight Management
Heerman WJ, Wallston KA, Osborn CY
Food insecurity is associated with diabetes self-care behaviours and glycaemic control.
The objective of the study was to examine the association between food insecurity, diabetes self-care and glycaemic control. It concluded that there was a high rate of food insecurity in a sample of patients with Type 2 diabetes who were of low socio-economic status. Food insecurity was associated with less adherence to recommended self-care behaviours and worse glycaemic control.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Heerman WJ, Wallston KA, Osborn CY .
Food insecurity is associated with diabetes self-care behaviours and glycaemic control.
Diabet Med 2016 Jun;33(6):844-50. doi: 10.1111/dme.12896.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Nutrition, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Self-Management
Palar K, Laraia B, Tsai AC
Food insecurity is associated with HIV, sexually transmitted infections and drug use among men in the United States.
The researchers examined the population-level association between food insecurity, HIV risk factors, and HIV serostatus among men. They found that food insecurity is associated with prevalent HIV, STIs, and illicit drug use among men in the United States.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Palar K, Laraia B, Tsai AC .
Food insecurity is associated with HIV, sexually transmitted infections and drug use among men in the United States.
AIDS 2016 Jun 1;30(9):1457-65. doi: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001095.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Infectious Diseases, Men's Health, Nutrition, Substance Abuse
Gorski MT, Cohen JF, Hoffman JA
Impact of nutrition standards on competitive food quality in Massachusetts middle and high schools.
This study examined changes in competitive foods (items sold in a la carte lines, vending machines, and school stores that "compete" with school meals) in Massachusetts middle and high schools before and after implementation of a statewide nutrition law in 2012. It found that by 2014, 60 percent of competitive foods and 79 percent of competitive beverages were compliant.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Gorski MT, Cohen JF, Hoffman JA .
Impact of nutrition standards on competitive food quality in Massachusetts middle and high schools.
Am J Public Health 2016 Jun;106(6):1101-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303139.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Education, Children/Adolescents
Epstein DA, Cordeiro F, Fogarty J
Crumbs: lightweight daily food challenges to promote engagement and mindfulness.
The authors introduced and examined crumbs: daily food challenges completed by consuming one food that meets the challenge. They found that crumbs supported engagement and mindfulness while offering opportunities to learn about food.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Epstein DA, Cordeiro F, Fogarty J .
Crumbs: lightweight daily food challenges to promote engagement and mindfulness.
Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst 2016 May;2016:5632-44. doi: 10.1145/2858036.2858044.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Heberlein EC, Frongillo EA, Picklesimer AH
Effects of group prenatal care on food insecurity during late pregnancy and early postpartum.
The researchers compared the effects of group to individual prenatal care in late pregnancy and early postpartum on women's food security and psychosocial outcomes among food-insecure women. They found that group prenatal care provided health education and the opportunity for women to share experiences and knowledge, potentially improving food security through increasing confidence and skills in managing household food resources.
AHRQ-funded; HS021975.
Citation: Heberlein EC, Frongillo EA, Picklesimer AH .
Effects of group prenatal care on food insecurity during late pregnancy and early postpartum.
Matern Child Health J 2016 May;20(5):1014-24. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1886-8.
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Keywords: Pregnancy, Maternal Care, Nutrition, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Low-Income
Heslin KC, Elixhauser A, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Heslin KC, Elixhauser A, Steiner CA
Identifying in-patient costs attributable to the clinical sequelae and comorbidities of alcoholic liver disease in a national hospital database.
The aim of this study was to compare the average costs of hospitalizations with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the costs of hospitalizations with other alcohol-related diagnoses that do not involve the liver. It found that costs of hospital care for patients with ALD are higher than those for patients with other alcohol-related diagnoses.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Heslin KC, Elixhauser A, Steiner CA .
Identifying in-patient costs attributable to the clinical sequelae and comorbidities of alcoholic liver disease in a national hospital database.
Addiction 2016 May;112(5):782-91. doi: 10.1111/add.13702.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Alcohol Use, Healthcare Costs, Nutrition, Hospitalization
Kinasz K, Accurso EC, Kass AE
Does sex matter in the clinical presentation of eating disorders in youth?
The authors compared demographic and clinical characteristics of child and adolescent males and females who presented for eating disorder treatment. They found that males presented at a significantly younger age and were more likely to be nonwhite, while females showed more severe pathology across the Eating Disorder Examination subscales. They suggested further exploration into why the sexes present differently.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kinasz K, Accurso EC, Kass AE .
Does sex matter in the clinical presentation of eating disorders in youth?
J Adolesc Health 2016 Apr;58(4):410-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.11.005.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Nutrition, Sex Factors
Fiechtner L, Kleinman K, Melly SJ
Effects of proximity to supermarkets on a randomized trial studying interventions for obesity.
To determine whether proximity to a supermarket modified the effects of an obesity intervention, the researchers examined distance to the closest supermarket as an effect modifier.They concluded that living closer to a supermarket is associated with greater improvements in fruit and vegetable intake and weight status in an obesity intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Kleinman K, Melly SJ .
Effects of proximity to supermarkets on a randomized trial studying interventions for obesity.
Am J Public Health 2016 Mar;106(3):557-62. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302986.
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Keywords: Obesity, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health, Behavioral Health
Sonik RA
Massachusetts inpatient Medicaid cost response to increased supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits.
This study investigated the impact of an increase in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits on Medicaid costs and use in Massachusetts. It found that compared with the overall Medicaid population, cost growth for people with the selected chronic illnesses was significantly greater before the SNAP increase, as was the decline in growth afterward. Reduced hospital admissions after the SNAP increase drove the cost declines.
AHRQ-funded; HS000062.
Citation: Sonik RA .
Massachusetts inpatient Medicaid cost response to increased supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits.
Am J Public Health 2016 Mar;106(3):443-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302990.
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Keywords: Medicaid, Nutrition, Healthcare Costs, Inpatient Care
Eichen DM, Kass AE, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE
Non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation in relation to eating and general psychopathology among college-age women.
Limited research has examined the effects of combined non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI)+suicidal ideation; thus concurrent examination is needed to understand potential differential effects on psychopathology. In this study, college-aged women completed self-report measures of NSSI, suicidal ideation, general psychopathology, and Eating Disorder-specific psychopathology. The study found that the NSSI+Suicidal Ideation group was only greater than Suicidal Ideation-only on measures of depression and eating concern.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Eichen DM, Kass AE, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE .
Non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation in relation to eating and general psychopathology among college-age women.
Psychiatry Res 2016 Jan 30;235:77-82. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.11.046.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Nutrition, Depression, Risk
Boles RE, Yun L, Hambidge SJ, et al.
Influencing the home food and activity environment of families of preschool children receiving home-based treatment for obesity.
The goal of this study was to characterize the home food and activity environments of overweight and obese preschool-aged children from low socioeconomic status Latino families. It showed that despite a small, but significant reduction in preschool BMI for a subsample, families showed little change in the home food and activity environment.
AHRQ-funded; HS021138.
Citation: Boles RE, Yun L, Hambidge SJ, et al..
Influencing the home food and activity environment of families of preschool children receiving home-based treatment for obesity.
Clin Pediatr 2015 Dec;54(14):1387-90. doi: 10.1177/0009922815570614..
Keywords: Obesity, Children/Adolescents, Nutrition, Obesity: Weight Management, Family Health and History
Waehrer G, Deb P, Decker SL
AHRQ Author: Decker SL
Did the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act affect dietary intake of low-income individuals?
This paper examines the relationship between increased Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits following the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) and the diet quality of individuals from SNAP-eligible compared to ineligible (those with somewhat higher income). In the full sample, we find that these increases in SNAP benefits are not associated with changes in nutrient intake and diet quality.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Waehrer G, Deb P, Decker SL .
Did the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act affect dietary intake of low-income individuals?
Econ Hum Biol 2015 Dec;19:170-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2015.08.006..
Keywords: Nutrition, Social Determinants of Health, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations
Whittle HJ, Palar K, Napoles T
Experiences with food insecurity and risky sex among low-income people living with HIV/AIDS in a resource-rich setting.
The researchers investigated the perceived effects of food insecurity on risky sexual behaviors among a population of low-income people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in San Francisco and Alameda County, California. Their study demonstrated that food insecurity contributes to transactional and unprotected sex among urban poor individuals in a resource-rich setting, including among men who have sex with men.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Whittle HJ, Palar K, Napoles T .
Experiences with food insecurity and risky sex among low-income people living with HIV/AIDS in a resource-rich setting.
J Int AIDS Soc 2015 Nov 4;18:20293. doi: 10.7448/ias.18.1.20293..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health
Simmons SF, Keeler E, An R
Cost-effectiveness of nutrition intervention in long-term care.
The researchers sought to determine the cost-effectiveness of two nutrition interventions on food, beverage, and supplement intake and body weight. They found that oral liquid nutrition supplements and snack offers were efficacious in promoting caloric intake when coupled with assistance to promote consumption and a variety of options, but neither intervention resulted in significant weight gain.
AHRQ-funded; HS018580.
Citation: Simmons SF, Keeler E, An R .
Cost-effectiveness of nutrition intervention in long-term care.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2015 Nov;63(11):2308-16. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13709..
Keywords: Elderly, Long-Term Care, Nursing Homes, Nutrition, Comparative Effectiveness
Kenzik KM, Morey MC, Cohen HJ
Symptoms, weight loss, and physical function in a lifestyle intervention study of older cancer survivors.
This study examined how overweight long-term survivors’ symptom severity associated with comorbidity prior to a diet and exercise intervention was associated with post-intervention function. It found that symptom severity of older, overweight cancer survivors negatively affects physical function. However, greater weight loss and more physical activity were associated with higher functioning scores, regardless of symptom severity.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Morey MC, Cohen HJ .
Symptoms, weight loss, and physical function in a lifestyle intervention study of older cancer survivors.
J Geriatr Oncol 2015 Nov;6(6):424-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2015.08.004..
Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Obesity, Nutrition
Horner-Johnson W, Dobbertin K, Kulkarni-Rajasekhara S
Food insecurity, hunger, and obesity among informal caregivers.
Increasing numbers of US residents rely on informal caregiving from friends and family members. Caregiving can have substantial health and financial impacts on caregivers. This study addressed whether those impacts include adverse nutritional states. It concluded that caregiving is associated with increased risk of food insecurity and hunger in Oregon.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Horner-Johnson W, Dobbertin K, Kulkarni-Rajasekhara S .
Food insecurity, hunger, and obesity among informal caregivers.
Prev Chronic Dis 2015 Oct 8;12:E170. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.150129..
Keywords: Caregiving, Obesity, Nutrition, Health Status
Whittle HJ, Palar K, Hufstedler LL
Food insecurity, chronic illness, and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area: an example of structural violence in United States public policy.
This study sought to explore the experiences and structural determinants of food insecurity among a group of low-income PLHIV in the San Francisco Bay Area. It found that the lived experience of food insecurity among participants included periods of insufficient quantity of food and resultant hunger, as well as long-term struggles with quality of food that led to concerns about the poor health effects of a cheap diet.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Whittle HJ, Palar K, Hufstedler LL .
Food insecurity, chronic illness, and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area: an example of structural violence in United States public policy.
Soc Sci Med 2015 Oct;143:154-61. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.08.027..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Policy, Social Determinants of Health, Nutrition, Vulnerable Populations
Higashi RT, Craddock Lee SJ, Leonard T
Multiple comorbidities and interest in research participation among clients of a nonprofit food distribution site.
The researchers sought to better understand the health needs of a nonclinical population to inform future research and interventions. Their analysis of focus group findings led them to conclude that Crossroads Community Services clients represent a high-need, under-reached population willing to engage in health-related research that affords them opportunity to connect with peers in group settings and obtain information to improve management of daily life challenges.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Higashi RT, Craddock Lee SJ, Leonard T .
Multiple comorbidities and interest in research participation among clients of a nonprofit food distribution site.
Clin Transl Sci 2015 Oct;8(5):584-90. doi: 10.1111/cts.12325.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations
McNellis R, Lewis P
AHRQ Author: McNellis R
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
This case study quiz is based on the recommendations of the USPSTF. The case concerns a 34-year-old man who smokes. When he presents for his annual checkup for hypertension, his blood pressure is elevated (142/95 mm Hg), and he has gained 10 lb (4.5 kg) since his last visit.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McNellis R, Lewis P .
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Sep 15;92(6):509-10.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Case Study, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Hoffman JA, Rosenfeld L, Schmidt N
Implementation of competitive food and beverage standards in a sample of Massachusetts Schools: the NOURISH Study (Nutrition Opportunities to Understand Reforms Involving Student Health).
This study examined the extent to which a sample of Massachusetts middle schools and high schools sold foods and beverages that were compliant with the state competitive food and beverage standards after the first year of implementation, and complied with four additional aspects of the regulation. The multilevel models used in the study demonstrated a 47-percentage-point increase in food and 46-percentage-point increase in beverage compliance in Massachusetts schools from 2012 to 2013.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Hoffman JA, Rosenfeld L, Schmidt N .
Implementation of competitive food and beverage standards in a sample of Massachusetts Schools: the NOURISH Study (Nutrition Opportunities to Understand Reforms Involving Student Health).
J Acad Nutr Diet 2015 Aug;115(8):1299-307.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.04.019..
Keywords: Nutrition, Children/Adolescents, Education, Policy
Yaghjyan L, Sites S, Ruan Y
Associations of urinary phthalates with body mass index, waist circumference and serum lipids among females: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.
This study investigated the association of urinary phthalate metabolites and, for the first time, the ratios of the major metabolites of the most common phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and serum lipid levels in the US female population. It found that a higher metabolic ratio of monobutyl phthalate (MBP) and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), reflective of slower oxidative conversion of MEHP, is associated with greater BMI and waist circumference.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Yaghjyan L, Sites S, Ruan Y .
Associations of urinary phthalates with body mass index, waist circumference and serum lipids among females: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Obesity, Women
Chen R, Smyser M, Chan N
Changes in awareness and use of calorie information after mandatory menu labeling in restaurants in King County, Washington.
This study reports on countywide and subpopulation changes in menu-labeling awareness (i.e., seeing calorie information) and use (i.e., using calorie information) before and after policy implementation. It found that awareness and use of calorie information among residents who ate at regulated chains increased significantly and across all demographic subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Chen R, Smyser M, Chan N .
Changes in awareness and use of calorie information after mandatory menu labeling in restaurants in King County, Washington.
Am J Public Health 2015 Mar;105(3):546-53. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302262..
Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Nutrition, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes