National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- Caregiving (2)
- Children/Adolescents (6)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Dementia (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Domestic Violence (1)
- (-) Family Health and History (10)
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- Injuries and Wounds (1)
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- Medicaid (1)
- Medical Errors (2)
- Neurological Disorders (2)
- Obesity (1)
- Patient Safety (2)
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- Prevention (3)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (2)
- Risk (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Uninsured (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedAngier H, Kaufmann J, Heintzman J
Association of parent preventive care with their child's recommended well-child visits.
The purpose of this retrospective, cohort study was to explore whether there is a relationship between parent preventive care and their children's well-child visits. The researchers utilized electronic health record data to identify children and link them to parents both seen in an OCHIN network of 363 clinics from 17 states, then randomly selected a child between the ages of 3 and 17 with more than 1 ambulatory medical visit between the years 2015 and 2018. The study included a sample of 75,398 linked mother only pairs, 12,438 father only pairs, and 4,156 2-parent pairs. Children in the mother only sample had a 6% greater rate of yearly well-child visits when their mother received preventive care compared to no preventive care, children in the father only sample had a 7% greater rate of yearly well-child visits when their father received preventive care versus no preventive care, and children in the two parent sample had an 11% greater rate of yearly well-child visits when both parents received preventive care compared to neither receiving preventive care. The researchers concluded that well-child visit rates may improve when care is provided for the entire family.
AHRQ-funded; HS025962.
Citation: Angier H, Kaufmann J, Heintzman J .
Association of parent preventive care with their child's recommended well-child visits.
Acad Pediatr 2022 Nov-Dec;22(8):1422-28. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.03.019..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Prevention, Family Health and History, Healthcare Utilization
Mercer AN, Mauskar S, Baird J
Family safety reporting in hospitalized children with medical complexity.
This prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate safety concerns from families of hospitalized children with medical complexity (CMC) who are at high risk of medical errors. This survey was done predischarge with English- and Spanish-speaking parents/staff of hospitalized CMC on 5 units caring for complex care patients at a tertiary care children's hospital. A total of 155 parents and 214 staff completed surveys, with 43% (n = 66) having ≥1 hospital safety concerns, totaling 115 concerns (1-6 concerns each). A physician review found that 69% of concerns were medical errors, and 22% nonsafety-related quality issues. Most parents (68%) reported concerns to staff, particularly bedside nurses, but only 32% of parents recalled being told how to report safety concerns. Higher education and longer length of stay were associated with family safety concerns.
AHRQ-funded; HS025781.
Citation: Mercer AN, Mauskar S, Baird J .
Family safety reporting in hospitalized children with medical complexity.
Pediatrics 2022 Aug 1; 150(2):e2021055098. doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-055098..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Chronic Conditions, Patient Safety, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Inpatient Care
Khan A, Baird J, Kelly MM
Family safety reporting in medically complex children: parent, staff, and leader perspectives.
This qualitative study examined parent, staff, and hospital leader perspectives about family safety reporting in children with medical complexity (CMC) to inform future interventions. The study was conducted at 2 tertiary care children’s hospitals with dedicated inpatient complex care services. Hour-long semi-structured, individual interviews were conducted with English and Spanish-speaking parents of CMC, physicians, nurses, and hospital leaders. A total of 80 participants (34 parents, 19 nurses and allied health professionals, 11 physicians, and 16 hospital leaders) were interviewed. Four themes related to family safety reporting emerged: (1) unclear, nontransparent, and variable existing processes, (2) a continuum of staff and leadership buy-in, (3) a family decision-making calculus about whether to report, and (4) misaligned staff and parent priorities and expectations. The authors also identified potential strategies for engaging families and staff in family reporting.
AHRQ-funded; HS025781.
Citation: Khan A, Baird J, Kelly MM .
Family safety reporting in medically complex children: parent, staff, and leader perspectives.
Pediatrics 2022 Jun; 149(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-053913..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Chronic Conditions, Provider: Physician, Patient Safety, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Inpatient Care
Lee W, Gray SL, Zaslavsky O
Association between having a family member with dementia and perceptions of dementia preventability.
This study examined how having a family history of dementia and caregiving experience are associated with perceptions about and self-efficacy for dementia preventability. Participants were surveyed whether they had a family member with dementia, and if they need whether they served as a caregiver. Of 1,575 respondents, 71% had a family member with dementia, and of those 42% served as a caregiver. People with a family member with dementia were less likely to believe that dementia is preventable and had lower self-efficacy for dementia prevention. Survey participants who were also caregivers had an even lower perception about dementia preventability.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Lee W, Gray SL, Zaslavsky O .
Association between having a family member with dementia and perceptions of dementia preventability.
Aging Ment Health 2022 Feb;26(2):270-76. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1839866..
Keywords: Dementia, Caregiving, Family Health and History, Prevention, Neurological Disorders
Heerman WJ, Perrin EM, Sanders LM
Racial and ethnic differences in injury prevention behaviors among caregivers of infants.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between caregiver race/ethnicity and adherence to injury prevention recommendations. It concluded that a high prevalence of non-adherence to recommended injury prevention behaviors is common across racial/ethnic categories for caregivers of infants among a diverse sample of families from low-SES backgrounds.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Heerman WJ, Perrin EM, Sanders LM .
Racial and ethnic differences in injury prevention behaviors among caregivers of infants.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Oct;51(4):411-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.04.020.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Family Health and History, Injuries and Wounds, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Oreskovic NM, Fletcher R, Sharifi M
Design and rationale of the STRIVE trial to improve cardiometabolic health among children and families.
The researchers described the design and rationale for the Study for using Technology to Reach Individual Excellence (STRIVE), which incorporates patient-generated mobile health technology (mHealth) data on health behaviors and provides clinical recommendations to help manage cardiometabolic risk and disease (CMRD) among at-risk families. They concluded that the STRIVE trial will test the use of mHealth to improve health behaviors among families at-risk for or with established CMRD.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986; HS024001.
Citation: Oreskovic NM, Fletcher R, Sharifi M .
Design and rationale of the STRIVE trial to improve cardiometabolic health among children and families.
Contemp Clin Trials 2016 Jul;49:149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.07.012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Telehealth
Raghavan R, Allaire BT, Brown DS
Medicaid disenrollment patterns among children coming into contact with child welfare agencies.
The authors examined retention of Medicaid coverage over time for children in the child welfare system. Using Medicaid claims files from 36 states, they found that half retained Medicaid coverage across 4 years of follow up, with most disenrollments happening in year 4. They recommend finding ways to promote entry of child welfare-involved children into health insurance coverage in order to assure services.
AHRQ-funded; HS020269.
Citation: Raghavan R, Allaire BT, Brown DS .
Medicaid disenrollment patterns among children coming into contact with child welfare agencies.
Matern Child Health J 2016 Jun;20(6):1280-7. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-1929-9.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Medicaid, Uninsured, Vulnerable Populations
McCloskey LA
The effects of gender-based violence on women's unwanted pregnancy and abortion.
The authors sought to understand how gender-based violence across the life-course affects the likelihood of abortion and studied four different forms of gender-based abuse. They found that no single form of abuse predicted abortion; however, the cumulative effect of multiple forms of abuse did increase the odds of abortion. The authors suggested that priority in future research should be given to screening for multiple forms of victimization in reproductive healthcare settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS011088.
Citation: McCloskey LA .
The effects of gender-based violence on women's unwanted pregnancy and abortion.
Yale J Biol Med 2016 Jun;89(2):153-9.
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Keywords: Domestic Violence, Family Health and History, Pregnancy, Women
Williams RC, Elston RC, Kumar P
Selecting SNPs informative for African, American Indian and European Ancestry: application to the Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND).
The researchers studied individual genetic ancestry (IGA) in four samples in the Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND). They found that the identified set of ancestry informtive markers (AIMs) may be particularly useful for estimating genetic admixture in populations from the Americas. They concluded that odds ratios for the associations of IGA with disease are consistent with what is known about the incidence and prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in these populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS008365.
Citation: Williams RC, Elston RC, Kumar P .
Selecting SNPs informative for African, American Indian and European Ancestry: application to the Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND).
BMC Genomics 2016 May 4;17:325. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2654-x.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Family Health and History, Genetics, Neurological Disorders, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Heerman WJ, Krishnaswami S, Barkin SL
Adverse family experiences during childhood and adolescent obesity.
The researchers evaluated the association between adverse family experiences (AFEs) during childhood and adolescent obesity and determined populations at highest risk for AFEs. They found that adolescents in this national sample who were exposed to greater numbers of AFEs in childhood also had higher rates of overweight and obesity, and also that geographic variation and differential associations based on race/ethnicity identified children at greatest risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Heerman WJ, Krishnaswami S, Barkin SL .
Adverse family experiences during childhood and adolescent obesity.
Obesity 2016 Mar;24(3):696-702. doi: 10.1002/oby.21413..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Obesity, Risk, Social Determinants of Health