National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (2)
- Adverse Events (2)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- (-) Blood Thinners (8)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (4)
- Care Management (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- (-) Elderly (8)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (4)
- Injuries and Wounds (2)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- Medication (8)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Registries (1)
- Risk (2)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Stroke (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedTroy AL, Herzig SJ, Trivedi S
Initiation of oral anticoagulation in US older adults newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during hospitalization.
This study investigated prevalence of oral anticoagulant initiation for newly diagnosed US older adults with atrial fibrillation within 7 days of hospital discharge. The authors used a 20% national sample of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, identifying patients aged 65 years or older newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation while hospitalized in 2016. Among 38,379 older adults newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation while hospitalized (mean age 78.2; 51.8% female; 83.3% white), 36,633 (95.4%) had an indication for anticoagulation and 24.6% (9011) of those initiated an oral anticoagulant following discharge. Higher CHA(2) DS(2) -VASc score was associated with a small increase in oral anticoagulant initiation (predicted probability 20.5% for scores <2 and 24.9% for ≥4). Elevated HAS-BLED score was associated with a small decrease in probability of anticoagulant initiation (25.4% for score <2 and 23.1% for ≥3). Frailty was associated with decreased likelihood of oral anticoagulant initiation (24.7% for non-frail and 18.1% for moderately-severely frail). Anticoagulant initiation varied by primary reason for hospitalization, with predicted probability highest among patients with a primary diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (46.1%) and lowest among those with non-cardiovascular conditions (13.8%) and bleeds (3.6%).
AHRQ-funded; HS026215.
Citation: Troy AL, Herzig SJ, Trivedi S .
Initiation of oral anticoagulation in US older adults newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during hospitalization.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2023 Sep; 71(9):2748-58. doi: 10.1111/jgs.18375..
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Thinners, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Stroke
Rhee TG, Kumar M, Ross JS
Age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk and use of aspirin and statin among U.S. Adults Aged 50 or older, 2011-2018.
The purpose of this study was to examine age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk and use of aspirin and statin among U.S. adults aged 50 or older. The investigators concluded that while adults aged ≥75 do not benefit from the use of aspirin to prevent the first CVD, many continue to take aspirin on a regular basis. In spite of the clear benefit of statin use to prevent a subsequent CVD event, many older adults in this risk category are not taking a statin.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882.
Citation: Rhee TG, Kumar M, Ross JS .
Age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk and use of aspirin and statin among U.S. Adults Aged 50 or older, 2011-2018.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2021 May;69(5):1272-82. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17038..
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Risk, Medication
Mack DS, Hume AL, Tjia J
National trends in statin use among the United States nursing home population (2011-2016).
AHRQ-funded; HS026840.
Citation: Mack DS, Hume AL, Tjia J .
National trends in statin use among the United States nursing home population (2011-2016).
Drugs Aging 2021 May;38(5):427-39. doi: 10.1007/s40266-021-00844-8..
Keywords: Elderly, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Blood Thinners, Medication
Abraham NS, Noseworthy PA, Inselman J
Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding increases with combinations of antithrombotic agents and patient age.
This study investigated whether age of patient and time frame increased the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in elderly patients being treated with anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or a combination of both therapies. This retrospective analysis used nationwide claims data from privately insured and Medicare Advantage enrollees who received anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet agents from October 1, 2010, through May 31, 2017. The final cohort included 311,211 patients who had a primary diagnosis of atrial fibrillation, ischemic heart disease, or venous thromboembolism. There was no significant different in the proportion of patients with GIB after anticoagulant or antiplatelet monotherapy, but combination therapy increased GIB risk. Advancing age was also associated with increasing 1-year probability of FIB, especially patients older than 75 years taking combination therapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS025402.
Citation: Abraham NS, Noseworthy PA, Inselman J .
Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding increases with combinations of antithrombotic agents and patient age.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Feb;18(2):337-46.e19. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.017..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Medication, Adverse Events, Medication: Safety, Elderly, Blood Thinners, Blood Clots, Digestive Disease and Health
Mentias A, Briasoulis A, Shantha G
Impact of heart failure type on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulation.
Differential impact of heart failure (HF) category on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients on oral anticoagulation (OAC) is unknown. In this study, the investigators used Medicare data for beneficiaries with new AF diagnosed between 2011 and 2013 to identify patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and no HF. The investigators concluded that in AF patients, HFrEF and HFpEF are both associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke, HF and AMI admissions, even after adjusting for OAC use, compared with patients without HF.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Mentias A, Briasoulis A, Shantha G .
Impact of heart failure type on thromboembolic and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulation.
Am J Cardiol 2019 May 15;123(10):1649-53. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.02.027..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Blood Thinners, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Elderly, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Registries
Newgard CD, Lin A, Eckstrom E
Comorbidities, anticoagulants, and geriatric-specific physiology for the field triage of injured older adults.
In this study, the investigators evaluated the utility of comorbidities, anticoagulant use, and geriatric-specific physiologic measures to improve the sensitivity of the field triage guidelines for high-risk older adults in the out-of-hospital setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS023796.
Citation: Newgard CD, Lin A, Eckstrom E .
Comorbidities, anticoagulants, and geriatric-specific physiology for the field triage of injured older adults.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2019 May;86(5):829-37. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000002195
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Thinners, Medication, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Care Management
Newgard CD, Platts-Mills TF
Can an out-of-hospital medication history save lives for injured older adults?
In this issue of Annals, Nishijima et al present a much-needed study evaluating the use of anticoagulation and antiplatelet medications as an additional triage criterion to aid in the identification of older adults with intracranial hemorrhage. The authors believe that the new study helps fill a critical void in suggesting that a targeted medication history, formally integrated as a field triage criterion, may be useful in identifying high-risk older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS023796.
Citation: Newgard CD, Platts-Mills TF .
Can an out-of-hospital medication history save lives for injured older adults?
Ann Emerg Med 2017 Aug;70(2):139-41. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.02.005.
.
.
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Elderly, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Injuries and Wounds, Medication
Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
This study assessed the sex-specific, comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (rivaroxaban and dabigatran), compared to each other and to warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation. It concluded that the reduced risk of ischemic stroke in patients taking rivaroxaban, compared with dabigatran and warfarin, seems to be limited to men, whereas the higher risk of bleeding seems to be limited to women.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S .
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Apr;10(4). doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003418.
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice