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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedBossick AS, Painter I, Williams EC
Development of a composite risk index of reproductive autonomy using state laws: association with maternal and neonatal outcomes.
This study investigated whether greater reproductive autonomy would be associated with lower rates of severe maternal morbidity (SMM), pregnancy-related mortality (PRM), preterm birth (PTB), and low birthweight. It was hypothesized that greater reproductive autonomy would lower the risks of poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. The authors developed a composite index to quantify state legislation, which was used to examine the association with maternal and neonatal outcomes. A Delphi panel was used to inform index development, and restrictive policies were assigned values of -1 and enabling policies +1. Publicly available data was used to conduct a cross-sectional study of all live births in the 50 US states for people ages 15 to 44 from 2016 to 2018 to examine the association between the risk index and PRM, SMM, PTB, and low birthweight. There were 11,530,785 births, 2,846 pregnancy-related deaths, and 154,384 cases of SMM from 2016 to 2018. The Delphi panel found a summed state measure of 106 laws in 8 categories that could affect reproductive anatomy. In adjusted analyses, states in the most enabling reproductive autonomy quartile had a 44.7 per 10,000 higher rate of SMM compared with the most restrictive quartile. However, the most enabling quartile was associated with a 9.87 per 100,000 lower rate of PRM and 0.67 per 100 lower rate of PTB compared with the most restrictive quartile.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Bossick AS, Painter I, Williams EC .
Development of a composite risk index of reproductive autonomy using state laws: association with maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Womens Health Issues 2023 Jul-Aug; 33(4):359-66. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.03.008..
Keywords: Maternal Care, Sexual Health, Women, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Balk EM, Danilack VA, Bhuma MR
Reduced compared with traditional schedules for routine antenatal visits: a systematic review.
This systematic review’s objective was to assess differences in maternal and child outcomes in studies comparing reduced routine antenatal visit schedules with traditional schedules. The search was conducted in multiple databases searching for antenatal (prenatal) care, pregnancy, obstetrics, telemedicine, remote care, smartphones, telemonitoring, and related terms. Abstrackr was used for double independent screening for studies comparing televisits and in person routine antenatal care visits for maternal, child, health care utilization, and harm outcomes. The authors found five randomized controlled trials and five nonrandomized comparative studies that compared reduced routine antenatal visit schedules with traditional schedules. The studies did not find differences between schedules in gestational age at birth, likelihood of being small for gestational age, likelihood of a low Apgar score, likelihood of neonatal intensive care unit admission, maternal anxiety, likelihood of preterm birth, and likelihood of low birth weight. There was also insufficient evidence for numerous prioritized outcomes of interest, including completion of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists-recommended services and patient experience measures.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00001.
Citation: Balk EM, Danilack VA, Bhuma MR .
Reduced compared with traditional schedules for routine antenatal visits: a systematic review.
Obstet Gynecol 2023 Jul 1; 142(1):8-18. doi: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005193..
Keywords: Maternal Care, Newborns/Infants, Women, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Lake ET, Staiger D, Smith JG
The association of missed nursing care with very low birthweight infant outcomes.
This study examined the association of missed nursing care and health outcomes of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The authors used 2016 hospital administrative discharge abstracts for VLBW newborns (n = 7,595) and NICU registered nurse survey responses (n = 6,963) from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. Mortality, morbidity, and length of stay (LOS) was examined in 190 sample hospitals from 19 states in all regions. There was a significant association between higher odds of bloodstream infection and longer LOS, but not mortality or severe intraventricular hemorrhage and missed nursing care.
AHRQ-funded; HS024918.
Citation: Lake ET, Staiger D, Smith JG .
The association of missed nursing care with very low birthweight infant outcomes.
Med Care Res Rev 2023 Jun; 80(3):293-302. doi: 10.1177/10775587221150950..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Quality Indicators (QIs), Nursing, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Healthcare Utilization, Quality of Care
Canvasser J, Patel RM, Pryor E
Long-term outcomes and life-impacts of necrotizing enterocolitis: a survey of survivors and parents.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal condition predominantly afflicting preterm infants. Despite its association with unfavorable outcomes within the first two years of life, there is a scarcity of research examining the long-term consequences and life quality in children beyond this age. The purpose of the study was to carry out a survey to assess the enduring repercussions of NEC on physical and psychological well-being, social interactions, and overall life satisfaction as reported by adult survivors and parents of children who overcame NEC. The study found that both survivors and parents of children who have endured NEC encounter persistent challenges affecting their physical and emotional health, social encounters, and overall life contentment.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383
Citation: Canvasser J, Patel RM, Pryor E .
Long-term outcomes and life-impacts of necrotizing enterocolitis: a survey of survivors and parents.
Semin Perinatol 2023 Feb;47(1):151696. doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2022.151696.
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Digestive Disease and Health, Outcomes, Quality of Life