National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
101 to 125 of 161 Research Studies DisplayedIroh Tam PY, Thielen BK, Obaro SK
Childhood pneumococcal disease in Africa - a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
This study provided updated estimates of the incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing disease in Africa. It concluded that, although the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in young children in Africa is substantial, currently available conjugate vaccines are estimated to cover the majority of invasive disease-causing pneumococcal serotypes.
AHRQ-funded; HS020666.
Citation: Iroh Tam PY, Thielen BK, Obaro SK .
Childhood pneumococcal disease in Africa - a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
Vaccine 2017 Apr 4;35(15):1817-27. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.045.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Infectious Diseases, Medication, Pneumonia, Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Constenla D
Geospatial planning and the resulting economic impact of human papillomavirus vaccine introduction in Mozambique.
Researchers developed the Strategic Integrated Geo-temporal Mapping Application) to determine the potential economic impact of HPV immunization in Mozambique. If each health center covers a catchment area with a 5-km radius, then 40 percent of the target population could be reached to prevent 50 cases, 178 disability-adjusted life years, and US $202,854 in health care costs and lost productivity.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Constenla D .
Geospatial planning and the resulting economic impact of human papillomavirus vaccine introduction in Mozambique.
Sex Transm Dis 2017 Apr;44(4):222-26. doi: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000574.
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Keywords: Cancer, Healthcare Costs, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Vaccination
Kao CJ, Wurz GT, Lin YC
Repurposing ospemifene for potentiating an antigen-specific immune response.
The overall objective of the present series of preclinical studies was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of ospemifene in combination with a peptide cancer vaccine. The authors concluded that, taken together, ospemifene's dose response and schedule-dependent immune modulating activity offers a method of tailoring and augmenting the efficacy of previously failed antigen-specific cancer vaccines for a wide range of malignancies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Kao CJ, Wurz GT, Lin YC .
Repurposing ospemifene for potentiating an antigen-specific immune response.
Menopause 2017 Apr;24(4):437-51. doi: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000776.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Medication, Vaccination
Baldwin AS, Denman DC, Sala M
Translating self-persuasion into an adolescent HPV vaccine promotion intervention for parents attending safety-net clinics.
Researchers developed a tablet-based application (in English and Spanish) to elicit parental self-persuasion for adolescent HPV vaccination and evaluated its feasibility in a safety-net population. They found that the self-persuasion application was feasible and resulted in a change in parents' decision stage. Future studies can now test the efficacy of the tablet-based application on HPV vaccination.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Baldwin AS, Denman DC, Sala M .
Translating self-persuasion into an adolescent HPV vaccine promotion intervention for parents attending safety-net clinics.
Patient Educ Couns 2017 Apr;100(4):736-41. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.11.014.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Prevention
Adamson B, Dimitrov D, Devine B
The potential cost-effectiveness of HIV vaccines: a systematic review.
The aim of this paper was to review and compare HIV vaccine uncertainty in model, methodology, and parameterization. Model assumptions about vaccine price, HIV treatment costs, epidemic context, and willingness to pay influenced results more consistently than assumptions on HIV transmission dynamics.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Adamson B, Dimitrov D, Devine B .
The potential cost-effectiveness of HIV vaccines: a systematic review.
Pharmacoeconom Open 2017 Mar;1(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/s41669-016-0009-9.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Healthcare Costs, Vaccination
Nace DA, Archbald-Pannone LR, Ashraf MS
Pneumococcal vaccination guidance for post-acute and long-term care settings: recommendations from AMDA's infection advisory committee.
Sorting out the indications and timing for 13 pneumococcal serotypes and 23 pneumococcal serotypes administration is complex. The authors discuss the importance of pneumococcal vaccination for older adults, detail AMDA-The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (The Society)'s recommendations for pneumococcal vaccination practice and procedures, and offer guidance to postacute and long-term care providers supporting the development and effective implementation of pneumococcal vaccine policies.
AHRQ-funded; HS023779.
Citation: Nace DA, Archbald-Pannone LR, Ashraf MS .
Pneumococcal vaccination guidance for post-acute and long-term care settings: recommendations from AMDA's infection advisory committee.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017 Feb;18(2):99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.11.010.
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Keywords: Elderly, Guidelines, Nursing Homes, Pneumonia, Vaccination
Lee BY, Mueller LE, Tilchin CG
A systems approach to vaccine decision making.
Vaccines reside in a complex multiscale system that includes biological, clinical, behavioral, social, operational, environmental, and economical relationships. Mathematical and computational modeling can help better understand and address complex systems by representing all or most of the components, relationships, and processes. This article presents ten lessons learned from using computational models to bring more of a systems approach to vaccine decision making.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Mueller LE, Tilchin CG .
A systems approach to vaccine decision making.
Vaccine 2017 Jan 20;35 Suppl 1:A36-a42. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.033.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Wedlock P
Map of different vaccine supply chain efficiency measures.
With this map (Fig. 1) of different vaccine supply chain efficiency measures, decision makers such as immunization program managers, ministries of health, and non-governmental organizations can determine whether they are collecting duplicative information, missing measuring certain domains, or could use alternative measures to capture the same or more information. The map shows how some measures are actually calculated or derived from other measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Wedlock P .
Map of different vaccine supply chain efficiency measures.
Vaccine 2017 Jan 3;35(1):199-200. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.025.
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Keywords: Vaccination
Carroll KN, Gebretsadik T, Escobar GJ
Respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants and development of childhood asthma.
This study sought to determine whether greater adherence to immunoprophylaxis in infants at high risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) would be associated with decreased childhood asthma in a Medicaid population. The investigation of RSV immunoprophylaxis in high-risk children primarily found nonsignificant associations on prevention of asthma in specific preterm groups .
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Carroll KN, Gebretsadik T, Escobar GJ .
Respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants and development of childhood asthma.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017 Jan;139(1):66-71.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.055.
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Keywords: Asthma, Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Vaccination
Fitzpatrick MC, Shah HA, Pandey A
One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control in India.
The authors developed a data-driven rabies transmission model fit to human rabies autopsy data and human rabies surveillance data from Tamil Nadu, India. They found that highly feasible strategies focused on stray dogs, vaccinating as few as 7% of dogs annually, could very cost-effectively reduce human rabies deaths by 70% within 5 years, and a modest expansion to vaccinating 13% of stray dogs could cost-effectively reduce human rabies by almost 90%. Futher, if owners are willing to bring dogs to central point campaigns at double the rate that campaign teams can capture strays, expanded annual targets become cost-effective.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Fitzpatrick MC, Shah HA, Pandey A .
One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control in India.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016 Dec 20;113(51):14574-81. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1604975113.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Vaccination
Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Zhu Y
Changes in empyema among U.S. children in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era.
The authors assessed changes in the incidence of empyema hospitalizations among U.S. children after the PCV13 vaccine introduction. They found that although empyema hospitalization rates among U.S. children peaked after the PCV7 vaccine introduction, rates decreased substantially following the introduction of PCV13.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Zhu Y .
Changes in empyema among U.S. children in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era.
Vaccine 2016 Dec 7;34(50):6243-49. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.062.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Vaccination
Bilinski AM, Fitzpatrick MC, Rupprecht CE
Optimal frequency of rabies vaccination campaigns in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of rabies canine vaccination campaigns at varying coverage and frequency. The researchers, studying two districts of northwest Tanzania, found that optimal vaccination strategies were every 2 years, at 80% coverage in Ngorongoro and annually at 70% coverage in Serengeti. They further found that coordinated campaigns may provide monetary savings in addition to public health benefits. They concluded that frequency and coverage of canine vaccination campaigns should be evaluated simultaneously and tailored to local canine ecology as well as to the risk of disease reintroduction from surrounding regions.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Bilinski AM, Fitzpatrick MC, Rupprecht CE .
Optimal frequency of rabies vaccination campaigns in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Proc Biol Sci 2016 Nov 16;283(1842). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1211.
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Keywords: Patient Safety, Prevention, Vaccination
Denman DC, Baldwin AS, Marks EG
Modification and validation of the Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire to assess parental motivation for HPV vaccination of adolescents.
The researchers investigated measures of motivation for HPV vaccination using confirmatory factor analysis to test a three-factor measurement model. Their findings support the use of three subscales to measure motivation in HPV vaccination and suggest possible cultural differences in motivation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Denman DC, Baldwin AS, Marks EG .
Modification and validation of the Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire to assess parental motivation for HPV vaccination of adolescents.
Vaccine 2016 Sep 22;34(41):4985-90. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.037.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Infectious Diseases, Patient and Family Engagement, Vaccination
Shay LA, Street RL, Jr., Baldwin AS
Characterizing safety-net providers' HPV vaccine recommendations to undecided parents: a pilot study.
The researchers developed a tool to describe strength and content of provider HPV vaccination recommendations. The tool showed how providers undercut their recommendations through qualifications or support them with a rationale. The authors recommended that providers would benefit from communication skills training on how to make explicit recommendations with an evidence-based rationale.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Shay LA, Street RL, Jr., Baldwin AS .
Characterizing safety-net providers' HPV vaccine recommendations to undecided parents: a pilot study.
Patient Educ Couns 2016 Sep;99(9):1452-60. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.06.027.
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Keywords: Practice Patterns, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Clinician-Patient Communication, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Communication
Tate JE, Yen C, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Intussusception rates before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.
The researchers examined trends in intussusception hospitalizations before (2000-2005) and after (2007-2013) rotavirus vaccine introduction to assess whether this observed temporal risk translates into more hospitalized cases at the population level. They concluded that, given the magnitude of declines in rotavirus disease compared with this small increase in intussusception, the benefits of rotavirus vaccination outweigh the increase risk of intussusception.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tate JE, Yen C, Steiner CA .
Intussusception rates before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.
Pediatrics 2016 Sep;138(3). doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-1082.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Vaccination, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Hospitalization
de St Maurice A, Schaffner W, Griffin MR
Persistent sex disparities in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the conjugate vaccine era.
The authors examined sex differences in rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and trends after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). They concluded that rates of IPD were generally higher in male than in female subjects.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: de St Maurice A, Schaffner W, Griffin MR .
Persistent sex disparities in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the conjugate vaccine era.
J Infect Dis 2016 Sep 01;214(5):792-7. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw222.
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Keywords: Pneumonia, Sex Factors, Vaccination, Prevention
Yun H, Yang S, Chen L
Risk of herpes zoster in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: implications for vaccination.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the age-stratified incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) in patients with autoimmune or inflammatory (AI) diseases as compared to older adults for whom the HZ vaccine is currently recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The researchers found that systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis are AI diseases associated with a higher risk of HZ compared to that in older adults for whom vaccination is currently recommended, suggesting that individuals with these conditions who are as young as age 40 years could potentially benefit from the HZ vaccine.
AHRQ-funded; HS021694; HS018517.
Citation: Yun H, Yang S, Chen L .
Risk of herpes zoster in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: implications for vaccination.
Arthritis Rheumatol 2016 Sep;68(9):2328-37. doi: 10.1002/art.39670.
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Keywords: Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Arthritis, Risk, Sexual Health, Vaccination
Trogdon JG, Shafer PR, Shah PD
Are state laws granting pharmacists authority to vaccinate associated with HPV vaccination rates among adolescents?
Researchers explored whether state laws allowing pharmacists to administer human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinations to adolescents are associated with a higher likelihood of HPV vaccine uptake. They concluded that, as currently implemented, state laws allowing pharmacists to administer HPV vaccine to adolescents were not associated with uptake.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Trogdon JG, Shafer PR, Shah PD .
Are state laws granting pharmacists authority to vaccinate associated with HPV vaccination rates among adolescents?
Vaccine 2016 Aug 31;34(38):4514-19. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.07.056.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Infectious Diseases, Policy, Provider: Pharmacist, Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Constenla D
The economic value of increasing geospatial access to tetanus toxoid immunization in Mozambique.
The researchers assessed how well tetanus toxoid (TT) immunization locations meet population demand in Mozambique. They found that TT immunization locations are not geographically accessible by a significant proportion of pregnant women, resulting in substantial healthcare and productivity costs that could potentially be averted by adding or reconfiguring TT immunization locations.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Constenla D .
The economic value of increasing geospatial access to tetanus toxoid immunization in Mozambique.
Vaccine 2016 Jul 29;34(35):4161-65. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.065.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Healthcare Costs, Health Services Research (HSR), Pregnancy, Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Ferguson M
The economic and operational value of using drones to transport vaccines.
Using a simulation model, the researchers performed sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of using an unmanned aerial system (UAS) for routine vaccine distribution under a range of circumstances . They found that implementing a UAS could increase vaccine availability and decrease costs in a wide range of settings and circumstances if the drones are used frequently enough to overcome the capital costs of installing and maintaining the system.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Ferguson M .
The economic and operational value of using drones to transport vaccines.
Vaccine 2016 Jul 25;34(34):4062-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.022.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Healthcare Costs, Vaccination
Simons BC, Spradling PR, Bruden DJ
A longitudinal hepatitis B vaccine cohort demonstrates long-lasting hepatitis B virus (HBV) cellular immunity despite loss of antibody against HBV surface antigen.
The purpose of this paper is to determine long-lasting protection resulting from hepatitis B vaccine, despite loss of antibody against hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (anti-HBs). All participants tested positive for tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 10, or interleukin 6 production by HBV surface antigen-specific T cells. No participant had evidence of breakthrough HBV infection. The authors concluded that protection afforded by primary immunization with plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine during childhood and adulthood lasts at least 32 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Simons BC, Spradling PR, Bruden DJ .
A longitudinal hepatitis B vaccine cohort demonstrates long-lasting hepatitis B virus (HBV) cellular immunity despite loss of antibody against HBV surface antigen.
J Infect Dis 2016 Jul 15;214(2):273-80. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw142.
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Keywords: Hepatitis, Prevention, Vaccination
Mueller LE, Haidari LA, Wateska AR
The impact of implementing a demand forecasting system into a low-income country's supply chain.
The authors evaluated the potential impact and value of applications of data from demand forecasting systems implemented in a lower-income country's vaccine supply chain with different levels of population change to urban areas. They used their HERMES software to study Niger's entire vaccine supply chain and found that demand forecasting systems have the potential to greatly improve vaccine demand fulfilment, and decrease logistics cost/dose, when implemented with storage and transportation increases.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Mueller LE, Haidari LA, Wateska AR .
The impact of implementing a demand forecasting system into a low-income country's supply chain.
Vaccine 2016 Jul 12;34(32):3663-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.027.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Health Services Research (HSR), Low-Income, Medication, Vaccination
Shah MP, Tate JE, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Decline in emergency department visits for acute gastroenteritis among children in 10 US states after implementation of rotavirus vaccination, 2003-2013.
The researchers compared the rates of gastroenteritis- and rotavirus-coded ED visits among children <5 years of age in pre-rotavirus vaccine (2003 to 2006) with those in postvaccine (2008-2013) years; 2007 was excluded as a transition year They concluded that. ED visits for gastroenteritis in US children have declined since the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Shah MP, Tate JE, Steiner CA .
Decline in emergency department visits for acute gastroenteritis among children in 10 US states after implementation of rotavirus vaccination, 2003-2013.
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2016 Jul;35(7):782-6. doi: 10.1097/inf.0000000000001175.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Vaccination, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Digestive Disease and Health
Wiese AD, Grijalva CG, Zhu Y
Changes in childhood pneumonia hospitalizations by race and sex associated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in the childhood immunization schedule was associated with decreases in all-cause pneumonia hospitalizations among black and white children in Tennessee, USA. Although racial disparities that existed before introduction of these vaccines have been substantially reduced, rates remain higher in boys than in girls among young children.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Wiese AD, Grijalva CG, Zhu Y .
Changes in childhood pneumonia hospitalizations by race and sex associated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
Emerg Infect Dis 2016 Jun;22(6). doi: 10.3201/eid2206.152023.
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Keywords: Hospitalization, Vaccination, Children/Adolescents, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Stockwell MS, Natarajan K, Ramakrishnan R
Immunization data exchange with electronic health records.
The researchers assessed the impact of exchange of immunization information between an immunization information system (IIS) and an electronic health record on up-to-date rates, overimmunization, and immunization record completeness for low-income, urban children and adolescents. Their findings demonstrated that data exchange can improve child and adolescent immunization status.
AHRQ-funded; HS022667.
Citation: Stockwell MS, Natarajan K, Ramakrishnan R .
Immunization data exchange with electronic health records.
Pediatrics 2016 Jun;137(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-4335.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Exchange (HIE), Health Information Technology (HIT), Vaccination