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- Access to Care (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 3 of 3 Research Studies DisplayedKaufmann TL, Getz KD, Hsu JY
Identification of patient-reported outcome phenotypes among oncology patients with palliative care needs.
This retrospective study used patient-reported outcome (PRO) data to characterize oncology patients with palliative care needs. The objective was to determine if PRO data can identify latent phenotypes that characterize indications for specialty palliative care referral. Self-reported symptoms were collected on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Symptom from solid tumor oncology patients (n = 745) referred to outpatient palliative care at eight community and academic sites from October 2012 to October 2018. The authors identified four PRO phenotypes: low symptoms (39.6%); moderate pain/fatigue + mood (24.2%); moderate pain/fatigue + appetite + dypsnea (27%); and high symptoms (9.3%). A secondary analysis of 421 patients found that two brief items assessing social and existential needs aligned with higher severity symptoms and psychological distress phenotypes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023681.
Citation: Kaufmann TL, Getz KD, Hsu JY .
Identification of patient-reported outcome phenotypes among oncology patients with palliative care needs.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Oct;17(10):e1473-e88. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00849..
Keywords: Cancer, Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Enzinger AC, Ghosh K, Keating NL
US trends in opioid access among patients with poor prognosis cancer near the end-of-life.
This study looked at trends in opioid prescriptions for cancer patients near the end-of-life (EOL) defined as the 30 days before death or hospice enrollment. The authors looked at Medicare part D data from 2007 to 2017 for 270,632 Medicare fee-for-service decedents with poor prognosis cancers. During that time, the proportion of decedents with poor prognosis cancers receiving 1 or greater opioid prescriptions near EOL declined 15.5% and the proportion receiving 1 or greater long-acting opioid prescriptions declined 36.5% to 18.1%. The mean daily dose fell from 24.5%, from 85.6 morphine milligram equivalents per day (MMED) to 64.6. The total amount of opioids prescribed fell from 1,075 morphine milligram equivalents per decedent to 666 morphine milligram equivalents per decedents. At the same time, the proportion of patients with pain-related ED visits increase 50.8% from 13.2% to 19.9%.
AHRQ-funded; HS024072.
Citation: Enzinger AC, Ghosh K, Keating NL .
US trends in opioid access among patients with poor prognosis cancer near the end-of-life.
J Clin Oncol 2021 Sep 10;39(26):2948-58. doi: 10.1200/jco.21.00476..
Keywords: Cancer, Opioids, Palliative Care, Pain, Access to Care, Medication, Practice Patterns
Lee K, Gani F, Canner JK
Racial disparities in utilization of palliative care among patients admitted with advanced solid organ malignancies.
The primary objective of this study was to describe racial differences in the use of inpatient palliative care consultations (IPCC) for patients with advanced cancer who are admitted to a hospital in the United States. Hospital admissions of patients with advanced cancers were identified through the National Inpatient Dataset. Findings showed that death during hospitalization was a significant modifier of the relationship between race and receipt of palliative care consultation. There were significant racial disparities in the utilization of IPCC for patients with advanced cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736.
Citation: Lee K, Gani F, Canner JK .
Racial disparities in utilization of palliative care among patients admitted with advanced solid organ malignancies.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2021 Jun;38(6):539-46. doi: 10.1177/1049909120922779..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Palliative Care, Cancer, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Healthcare Utilization, Inpatient Care, Chronic Conditions