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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedGriesemer I, Lightfoot AF, Eng E
Examining ACCURE's nurse navigation through an antiracist lens: transparency and accountability in cancer care.
This paper discussed an intervention that was conducted to eliminate racial disparity in cancer treatment through a program called Accountability for Cancer Care through Undoing Racism and Equity (ACCURE). The program successfully eliminated the Black-White disparity in cancer treatment completion among patients with early-stage breast and lung cancer. It used specially trained nurse navigators who leveraged real-time data to follow-up with patients during their treatment journeys. Thematic analysis on all clinical notes that were written by ACCURE navigators after each contact with patients in the specialized navigation arm (n = 162) was conducted by community and academic research partners. The authors identified six themes in the navigator notes that demonstrated enhanced accountability of the care system to patient needs. Those themes include: (1) patient-centered advocacy, (2) addressing system barriers to care, (3) connection to resources, (4) re-engaging patients after lapsed treatment, (5) addressing symptoms and side effects, and (6) emotional support.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Griesemer I, Lightfoot AF, Eng E .
Examining ACCURE's nurse navigation through an antiracist lens: transparency and accountability in cancer care.
Health Promot Pract 2023 May; 24(3):415-25. doi: 10.1177/15248399221136534..
Keywords: Cancer, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Health Promotion
Cunningham-Erves J, Campbell L, Barlow C
Reducing HPV associated cancers and disparities: engaging African American men to develop a culturally-appropriate program that addresses their needs.
Reducing HPV associated cancers and disparities: engaging African American men to develop a culturally-appropriate program that addresses their needs.
Am J Health Educ 2021;52(4):194-206. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1930614.
This paper discusses the results of the Healthy Men, Healthy Communities program that aims to improve preventive behaviors among African American men to reduce HPV-related cancer disparities. An educational intervention was developed using cultural-targeting strategies such as linguistics, peripherals, evidence, socio-culture, and constituent-involving. Research team members were recruited from community-based (CBO) leaders. Three focus groups, 30 surveys, and a community review and program evaluation with African American men were conducted. The five focus group themes were: 1) The Known and Unknown of Cancer, HPV, and the vaccine; (2) Personal experiences with cancer were commonplace; (3) Barriers to Engaging HPV Cancer Preventive Behaviors; (4) Multi-Modal Strategies are needed to improve preventive behaviors; and (5) Actual versus Preferred Sources of Information. Survey data showed men desired information on penile (52%) and oral cancer (48%). A speaker summit on various topics was the preferred education format (96%). A post-summit evaluation indicated most males intended to get screened (73%), eat healthier (77%), and exercise more (65%). After these interventions the HPV vaccine was administered to about 40% of the men, and their children and grandchildren.
Am J Health Educ 2021;52(4):194-206. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1930614.
This paper discusses the results of the Healthy Men, Healthy Communities program that aims to improve preventive behaviors among African American men to reduce HPV-related cancer disparities. An educational intervention was developed using cultural-targeting strategies such as linguistics, peripherals, evidence, socio-culture, and constituent-involving. Research team members were recruited from community-based (CBO) leaders. Three focus groups, 30 surveys, and a community review and program evaluation with African American men were conducted. The five focus group themes were: 1) The Known and Unknown of Cancer, HPV, and the vaccine; (2) Personal experiences with cancer were commonplace; (3) Barriers to Engaging HPV Cancer Preventive Behaviors; (4) Multi-Modal Strategies are needed to improve preventive behaviors; and (5) Actual versus Preferred Sources of Information. Survey data showed men desired information on penile (52%) and oral cancer (48%). A speaker summit on various topics was the preferred education format (96%). A post-summit evaluation indicated most males intended to get screened (73%), eat healthier (77%), and exercise more (65%). After these interventions the HPV vaccine was administered to about 40% of the men, and their children and grandchildren.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Cunningham-Erves J, Campbell L, Barlow C .
Reducing HPV associated cancers and disparities: engaging African American men to develop a culturally-appropriate program that addresses their needs.
Am J Health Educ 2021;52(4):194-206. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1930614..
Keywords: Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Cancer, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Men's Health, Prevention, Health Promotion, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Flórez KR, Payán DD, Palar K
Church-based interventions to address obesity among African Americans and Latinos in the United States: a systematic review.
This systematic literature review examined the impact of multilevel church-based interventions to address racial/ethnic disparities in obesity in the US. The review identified 43 relevant articles using systematic review methods developed by the CDC’s Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Although 81% of the studies reported significant results, effective size was reported or could only be calculated in 56% of the cases. A lack of diversity among the samples was also found with few studies involving Latinos, men, young adults, or children. Few interventions were actually multilevel in nature or incorporated strategies at the church or community. Greater diversity is needed in future church-based interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Flórez KR, Payán DD, Palar K .
Church-based interventions to address obesity among African Americans and Latinos in the United States: a systematic review.
Nutr Rev 2020 Apr;78(4):304-22. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz046..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Disparities, Health Promotion, Prevention
Burke JF, Vijan S, Chekan LA
Targeting high-risk employees may reduce cardiovascular racial disparities.
A possible remedy for health disparities is for employers to promote cardiovascular health among minority employees. However, this study finds that there was no significant per person differential attributable to racial disparities for heart attack and stroke. A primary implication is that targeting cardiovascular disease strategies for African Americans is unlikely to be cost saving for employers.
AHRQ-funded; HS017690
Citation: Burke JF, Vijan S, Chekan LA .
Targeting high-risk employees may reduce cardiovascular racial disparities.
Am J Manag Care. 2014 Sep;20(9):725-33..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Disparities, Healthcare Costs, Health Promotion, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities