National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (7)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (1)
- Colonoscopy (1)
- Communication (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (4)
- Dementia (1)
- Depression (1)
- Elderly (2)
- Evidence-Based Practice (9)
- Falls (2)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare Delivery (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (6)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Implementation (2)
- Medication (4)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (5)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (4)
- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (15)
- Practice Improvement (1)
- (-) Prevention (15)
- Primary Care (5)
- Quality Improvement (5)
- Quality of Care (5)
- Registries (1)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (2)
- Risk (1)
- Screening (1)
- Stroke (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 15 of 15 Research Studies DisplayedMagrath M, Yang E, Ahn C
Impact of a clinical decision support system on guideline adherence of surveillance recommendations for colonoscopy after polypectomy.
The goal of this study was to characterize guideline adherence of surveillance recommendations after implementation of an electronic medical record (EMR)-based Colonoscopy Pathology Reporting and Clinical Decision Support System (CoRS). Results showed that an EMR-based CoRS was widely used and significantly improved guideline adherence of surveillance recommendations.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Magrath M, Yang E, Ahn C .
Impact of a clinical decision support system on guideline adherence of surveillance recommendations for colonoscopy after polypectomy.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Nov;16(11):1321-28. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.7050..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Colonoscopy, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Screening, Cancer, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Baldwin LM, Fischer MA, Powell J
Virtual educational outreach intervention in primary care based on the principles of academic detailing.
This paper describes the efforts of the Healthy Hearts Northwest (H2N) EvidenceNOW cooperative in providing virtual outreach intervention in primary care based on the principles of academic detailing (AD). EvidenceNOW is AHRQ’s initiative to fund seven regional cooperatives to identify and implement effective strategies to improve the quality of cardiovascular care in communities across the United States. The H2N network covers three states: Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. For this initiative they recruited 259 primary care practices that had 10 full-time or fewer providers and met stage 1 electronic health record meaningful use criteria. The aim was to increase adoption of the four ABCS of heart disease prevention: Aspirin use by high-risk individuals, Blood pressure control, Cholesterol management, and Smoking cessation. Due to the long distances and staffing limitations H2N decided to develop an educational outreach program using virtual visits instead of the traditional AD program structure. The findings and outcomes of this program is described in detail in this paper.
AHRQ-funded; HS023236; HS023908.
Citation: Baldwin LM, Fischer MA, Powell J .
Virtual educational outreach intervention in primary care based on the principles of academic detailing.
J Contin Educ Health Prof 2018 Fall;38(4):269-75. doi: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000224..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Evidence-Based Practice, Primary Care, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Prevention
Ciolino JD, Jackson KL, Liss DT
Design of Healthy Hearts in the Heartland (H3): a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness study.
The Healthy Hearts in the Heartland (H3) study is part of a nationwide effort, EvidenceNOW, seeking to better understand the ability of small primary care practices to improve "ABCS" clinical quality measures: appropriate Aspirin therapy, Blood pressure control, Cholesterol management, and Smoking cessation. In this paper, the authors describe the design and randomization of the H3 study.
AHRQ-funded; HS023921.
Citation: Ciolino JD, Jackson KL, Liss DT .
Design of Healthy Hearts in the Heartland (H3): a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness study.
Contemp Clin Trials 2018 Aug;71:47-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.06.004..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Prevention, Primary Care, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Wu P, Escobar GJ, Gebretsadik T
Effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in reducing bronchiolitis hospitalizations among high-risk infants.
This retrospective cohort study examined the effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis for infants born between 1996 and 2008. The infants were enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California integrated health system. Infants who ever received RSV immunoprophylaxis had a 32% decreased risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization and finants with chronic lung disease (CLD) had a 52% decreased risk. The 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines changed recommendations for RSV immunoprophylaxis which made 48% of infants no longer eligible but nearly all infants with CLD would remain eligible.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Wu P, Escobar GJ, Gebretsadik T .
Effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in reducing bronchiolitis hospitalizations among high-risk infants.
Am J Epidemiol 2018 Jul;187(7):1490-500. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy008..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Hospitalization, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Respiratory Conditions, Risk
Elliott S, Leland NE
Occupational therapy fall prevention interventions for community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review.
The authors of this paper updated and broadened a 2008 systematic review examining the evidence for the effectiveness of fall prevention interventions in improving fall-related outcomes, occupational performance, quality of life, and health care facility readmissions for community-dwelling older adults. They assert that these findings can inform the delivery and integration of fall prevention interventions from acute care to community discharge.
AHRQ-funded; HS022907.
Citation: Elliott S, Leland NE .
Occupational therapy fall prevention interventions for community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review.
Am J Occup Ther 2018 Jul/Aug;72(4):7204190040p1-40p11. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.030494..
Keywords: Elderly, Falls, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Bennett WL, Wilson RF, Zhang A
Methods for evaluating natural experiments in obesity: a systematic review.
The researchers identified studies that report effects of programs, policies, or built environment changes on obesity prevention and control and described their methods. They found many methodologically diverse natural experiments and experimental studies that reported effects of U.S. and non-U.S. programs, policies, or built environment changes on obesity prevention and control, reinforcing the need for methodological and analytic advances to strengthen evaluations of obesity prevention and control initiatives.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200007I.
Citation: Bennett WL, Wilson RF, Zhang A .
Methods for evaluating natural experiments in obesity: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Jun 5;168(11):791-800. doi: 10.7326/m18-0309.
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Keywords: Obesity, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Research Methodologies
Chou AF, Homco JB, Nagykaldi Z
Disseminating, implementing, and evaluating patient-centered outcomes to improve cardiovascular care using a stepped-wedge design: healthy hearts for Oklahoma.
The Healthy Hearts for Oklahoma (H2O) Study proposes to build a quality improvement (QI) infrastructure by (1) constructing a sustainable Oklahoma Primary Healthcare Improvement Collaborative (OPHIC) to support dissemination and implementation (D&I) of QI methods; and (2) providing QI support in primary care practices to better manage patients at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. H2O has 263 small primary care practices across Oklahoma that receive the bundled QI intervention to improve ABCS (aspirin therapy, blood pressure control, cholesterol management, and smoking cessation) performance. The infrastructure established as a result of this funding will help reach medically underserved Oklahomans, particularly among rural and tribal populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS023919.
Citation: Chou AF, Homco JB, Nagykaldi Z .
Disseminating, implementing, and evaluating patient-centered outcomes to improve cardiovascular care using a stepped-wedge design: healthy hearts for Oklahoma.
BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Jun 4;18(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3189-4.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Communication, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Delivery, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Prevention, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Fudim M, Liu PR, Shrader P
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in patients with atrial fibrillation: findings from the ORBIT-AF (Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation) registry.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) therapy may be beneficial to patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but little is known about their use in patients with AF and subsequent outcomes. In order to better understand MRA use and subsequent outcomes, the investigators performed a retrospective cohort study of the contemporary ORBIT-AF (Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation) registry.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Fudim M, Liu PR, Shrader P .
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in patients with atrial fibrillation: findings from the ORBIT-AF (Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation) registry.
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Apr 13;7(8). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.007987..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Registries, Stroke
Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
The purpose of this study was to explore generalized boosted modeling (GBM) as a method for identifying subgroups with greater benefit or harm with dabigatran versus warfarin for treatment of atrial fibrillation. The investigators concluded that dabigatran's superiority to warfarin at prevention of thromboembolism may be greater in secondary than primary prevention. They indicated that in practice, secondary prevention patients are more often treated with warfarin.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA .
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018 Apr;27(4):383-90. doi: 10.1002/pds.4395..
Keywords: Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Meyers D, Miller T, Genevro J
AHRQ Author: Meyers D, Miller T, Genevro J, Zhan C, De La Mare J, Fournier A, Bennett H, McNellis RJ
EvidenceNOW: Balancing primary care implementation and implementation research.
In 2015, AHRQ invested in the largest primary care research project in its history. EvidenceNOW is a $112 million effort to disseminate and implement patient-centered outcomes research evidence in more than 1,500 primary care practices and to study how quality-improvement support can build the capacity of primary care practices to understand and apply evidence. EvidenceNOW comprises 7 implementation research grants, each funded to provide external quality-improvement support to primary care practices to implement evidence-based cardiovascular care and to conduct rigorous internal evaluations of their work.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Meyers D, Miller T, Genevro J .
EvidenceNOW: Balancing primary care implementation and implementation research.
Ann Fam Med 2018 Apr;16(Suppl 1):S5-s11. doi: 10.1370/afm.2196.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Communication, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Primary Care, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Implementation
Goto T, Faridi MK, Camargo CA
The association of aspirin use with severity of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study.
The researchers hypothesized that, in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), long-term aspirin use is associated with lower risks of disease severity (in-hospital death, mechanical ventilation use, and hospital length-of-stay). They found that in patients with AECOPD, aspirin use was associated with lower rates of in-hospital mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation use, and shorter length-of-stay.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Camargo CA .
The association of aspirin use with severity of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study.
NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2018 Feb 21;28(1):7. doi: 10.1038/s41533-018-0074-x.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Brunwasser SM, Gillham JE
Identifying moderators of response to the Penn Resiliency Program: a synthesis study.
Researchers sought to identify moderators of a cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program's effect on depressive symptoms among youth in early adolescence. Data from three randomized controlled trials of the Penn Resiliency Program (PRP) were aggregated to maximize statistical power and sample diversity. The primary analyses suggested that PRP's effects are limited to youth whose parents are unmarried.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Brunwasser SM, Gillham JE .
Identifying moderators of response to the Penn Resiliency Program: a synthesis study.
Prev Sci 2018 Feb;19(Suppl 1):38-48. doi: 10.1007/s11121-015-0627-y.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents, Depression, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Ono SS, Crabtree BF, Hemler JR
Taking innovation to scale in primary care practices: the functions of health care extension.
Health care extension is an approach to providing external support to primary care practices with the aim of diffusing innovation. EvidenceNOW was launched to rapidly disseminate and implement evidence-based guidelines for cardiovascular preventive care in the primary care setting. This article describes how cooperatives varied in their approaches to extension and provides early empirical evidence that health care extension is a feasible and potentially useful approach for providing quality improvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS023940.
Citation: Ono SS, Crabtree BF, Hemler JR .
Taking innovation to scale in primary care practices: the functions of health care extension.
Health Aff 2018 Feb;37(2):222-30. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1100.
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Keywords: Primary Care, Implementation, Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Healthcare Delivery, Practice Improvement, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR
Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
This review summarized current evidence on the efficacy and harms of pharmacologic interventions to prevent or delay cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia in adults with normal cognition or MCI. It concluded that evidence does not support use of the studied pharmacologic treatments for cognitive protection in persons with normal cognition or MCI.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500008I.
Citation: Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR .
Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Jan 2;168(1):39-51. doi: 10.7326/m17-1529.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Dementia, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Thomas KS, Parikh RB, Zullo AR
Home-delivered meals and risk of self-reported falls: results from a randomized trial.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether home-delivered meals, and the frequency of delivery, reduces self-reported falls among homebound older adults. The study suggests that daily delivered meals may reduce the risk of falls. Additional work is needed to understand the effect of meals on falls, particularly among previous fallers, a high-risk subgroup.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Thomas KS, Parikh RB, Zullo AR .
Home-delivered meals and risk of self-reported falls: results from a randomized trial.
J Appl Gerontol 2018 Jan;37(1):41-57. doi: 10.1177/0733464816675421..
Keywords: Elderly, Falls, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention