National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Asthma (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Chronic Conditions (4)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Diabetes (1)
- Elderly (3)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (4)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (2)
- Medical Devices (1)
- Medication (2)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- (-) Patient Self-Management (10)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Stroke (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Young Adults (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedReistetter T, Hreha K, Dean JM
The pre-adaptation of a stroke-specific self-management program among older adults.
To understand the management of multimorbidity in aging stroke survivors and to examine the complex relationships between comorbidities, researchers used visual analytics to identify patient subgroup. Five significant subgroups of comorbidities such as obesity and cancer were identified. An interdisciplinary team constructed six vignettes that highlighted multimorbidity to customize a self-management program that fitted the needs of older adult stroke survivors.
AHRQ-funded; HS026133.
Citation: Reistetter T, Hreha K, Dean JM .
The pre-adaptation of a stroke-specific self-management program among older adults.
J Aging Health 2023 Oct; 35(9):632-42. doi: 10.1177/08982643231152520..
Keywords: Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Patient Self-Management
Hooper M, Reinhart M, Dusetzina SB
Trends in U.S. self-reported health and self-care behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in self-reported health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to examine trends in health-related behaviors that may be associated with the observed health changes. The researchers utilized an interrupted time series design stratified by age, gender, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, household income, and employment status. Health outcomes were self-reported by participants and included the number of days per month that respondents spent in poor mental health, physical health, or when poor health prevented their usual activities of daily living. The study found that the national rate of days spent in poor physical health decreased. The researchers also witnessed overall increases in average sleep hours per day, the percentage of adults who report any exercise activity, increased alcohol consumption days, and decreased prevalence of smoking.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Hooper M, Reinhart M, Dusetzina SB .
Trends in U.S. self-reported health and self-care behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
PLoS One 2023 Sep 19; 18(9):e0291667. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291667..
Keywords: COVID-19, Patient Self-Management
Allende-Richter S, Benitez AD, Ramirez M
A patient portal intervention to promote adolescent and young adult self-management skills.
This study’s objective was to examine whether a patient portal educational intervention is acceptable and can improve adolescent and young adult (AYA) self-management skills toward transition readiness to adult care. The authors conducted a single site feasibility study using a mixed research method consisting of 1) a patient portal one-on-one educational intervention with pre- and postsurveys adapted from the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire to assess participant self-management skills and portal user activity; 2) a portal user experience that was assessed through semistructured interviews until thematic saturation was reached. Study participants were 13 to 25 years old and received care at an academic-affiliated community pediatric clinic, of whom 78 (60%) completed the pre- and post-surveys. Following the educational intervention, they observed an increase in participants self-reporting knowing how to access their protected health information and in the proportion of participants self-reporting to strongly agree to know their medication. They also observed an increase in portal user access at 3 weeks. The median number of logins was 2 per participant.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Allende-Richter S, Benitez AD, Ramirez M .
A patient portal intervention to promote adolescent and young adult self-management skills.
Acad Pediatr 2023 Aug; 23(6):1252-58. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.02.003..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Young Adults, Patient Self-Management, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Shannon EM, Mueller SK, Schnipper JL
Patient, caregiver, and clinician experience with a technologically enabled pillbox: a qualitative study.
The purpose of this study was to explore whether medication safety could be improved by the use of a technologically-enabled pillbox prescribed to patients at hospital discharge. The study included semi-structured telephone interviews with patients, patient caregivers, and inpatient and outpatient clinicians who participated in the Smart Pillbox Transition Study. The researchers utilized the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework to develop an interview guide, which included the a priori domains of 1) barriers to implementation, 2) facilitators of the intervention, and 3) general feedback regarding experience with the intervention. The study found patient-endorsed barriers in the theme of technology and tools included signal issues, inappropriate alarms, and portability. Barriers in the theme of logistics and tasks included coordination with pharmacists in the event of a prescription change. Barriers mentioned by clinicians included patients who were poor fits for the intervention and competing demands at discharge (under the themes of personnel and patients, and logistics and tasks, respectively). Facilitators that were reported often by patients and caregivers in the theme of technology and tools included useful alarms and ease of use. Clinicians reported that communication with pharmacy and study staff facilitated the intervention.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Shannon EM, Mueller SK, Schnipper JL .
Patient, caregiver, and clinician experience with a technologically enabled pillbox: a qualitative study.
ACI Open 2023 Jul; 7(2):e61-e70..
Keywords: Medication, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management, Hospital Discharge, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety
Wendel CL, LaPierre TA, Sullivan DL
"Anything that benefits the workers should benefit the client": opportunities and constraints in self-directed care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The purpose of this study was to assess how self-directed care (SDC) models reacted to the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the impact of COVID-19 on Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) services in Kansas. The study found that self-directed consumers carried levels of employer responsibility with limited resources and systemic barriers contributing to unmet care needs, stress, and burden. Flexibilities in policies related to the hiring of family members were helpful, but inadequate to address working conditions lacking in resources and labor shortages that were amplified by the pandemic.
AHRQ-funded; HS028172.
Citation: Wendel CL, LaPierre TA, Sullivan DL .
"Anything that benefits the workers should benefit the client": opportunities and constraints in self-directed care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Appl Gerontol 2023 Apr; 42(4):7334648221143604. doi: 10.1177/07334648221143604.
Keywords: COVID-19, Patient Self-Management
Schnall R, Sanabria G, Jia R, Sanabria G, Jia H
Efficacy of an mHealth self-management intervention for persons living with HIV: the WiseApp randomized clinical trial.
This study’s objective was to determine the efficacy of WiseApp, a user-centered design mHealth intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral suppression in persons living with HIV (PLWH). This randomized case-control trial had two study arms: a randomized controlled efficacy trial arm (n = 99) and an attention control intervention arm (n = 101) among PLWH living in New York City. The authors found a significant improvement in ART adherence in the intervention arm compared to the attention control arm from day 1 (69.7% vs 48.3%) to day 59 (51.2% vs 37.2%) of the study period. From day 60 to 120, the intervention had higher but not statistically significant adherence rates. Secondary analyses showed no difference in change from baseline to 3 or 6 months between the 2 study arms.
AHRQ-funded; HS025071.
Citation: Schnall R, Sanabria G, Jia R, Sanabria G, Jia H .
Efficacy of an mHealth self-management intervention for persons living with HIV: the WiseApp randomized clinical trial.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2023 Feb 16; 30(3):418-26. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocac233..
Keywords: Telehealth, Patient Self-Management, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Chronic Conditions, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Weiner M, Adeoye P, Boeh MJ
Continuous glucose monitoring and other wearable devices to assess hypoglycemia among older adult outpatients with diabetes mellitus.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether vulnerable older adults could use wearable devices, and explore Hypoglycemia frequency over a two week period. The researchers recruited 10 participants with diabetes mellitus to pilot test a continuous glucometer, physical activity monitor, electronic medication bottles, and smartphones which that provided prompts about medications, behaviors, and symptoms. A sample of 70 then wore glucometers and activity monitors and used the smartphone and bottles for a duration of 2 weeks and provided feedback. The study found that patients were interested in assistance with the interpretation of graphs, had challenges with keeping the glucometers attached. Nearly 23% of respondents indicated that they never check their blood sugars. In two weeks of monitoring, 73% had HG and 42% had serious, clinically significant HG.
AHRQ-funded; HS024384.
Citation: Weiner M, Adeoye P, Boeh MJ .
Continuous glucose monitoring and other wearable devices to assess hypoglycemia among older adult outpatients with diabetes mellitus.
Appl Clin Inform 2023 Jan; 14(1):37-44. doi: 10.1055/a-1975-4136..
Keywords: Elderly, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient Self-Management, Medical Devices
Taha J, Czaja SJ, Sharit J
Factors affecting usage of a personal health record (PHR) to manage health.
This study evaluated the ability of middle-aged and older adults to use a simulated electronic personal health record (PHR) to perform 15 common health management tasks including medication management, interpretation of lab results, and health maintenance activities. Participants in both age groups experienced significant difficulties in using the PHR, with older adults with lower numeracy and technology experience having greater problems.
AHRQ-funded; HS018239
Citation: Taha J, Czaja SJ, Sharit J .
Factors affecting usage of a personal health record (PHR) to manage health.
Psychol Aging. 2013 Dec;28(4):1124-39. doi: 10.1037/a0033911..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Elderly, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management
Nkoy FL, Stone BL, Fassl BA
Longitudinal validation of a tool for asthma self-monitoring.
The purpose of this study was to show longitudinal validation of a new tool, the Asthma Symptom Tracker (AST). The study established longitudinal validation of the AST, a novel tool designed for use by children or their parents to facilitate ongoing monitoring of patients’ asthma symptoms and proactive medical decision-making to prevent acute exacerbations.
AHRQ-funded; HS018166; HS018678.
Citation: Nkoy FL, Stone BL, Fassl BA .
Longitudinal validation of a tool for asthma self-monitoring.
Pediatrics 2013 Dec;132(6):e1554-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1389..
Keywords: Asthma, Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Shared Decision Making, Patient Self-Management
Galarraga O, Genberg BL, Martin RA
Conditional economic incentives to improve HIV treatment adherence: literature review and theoretical considerations.
This review summarizes various theories from micro- and behavioral-economics to social and clinical psychology that may help to understand how conditional economic incentives (CEI) work, and how they may be integrated with theories of health behavior that focus more on internal motivation. It concluded that appropriate CEI can help patients adhere to HIV treatment in the short-term, while incentives are in place.
AHRQ-funded; HS019657
Citation: Galarraga O, Genberg BL, Martin RA .
Conditional economic incentives to improve HIV treatment adherence: literature review and theoretical considerations.
AIDS Behav. 2013 Sep;17(7):2283-92. doi: 10.1007/s10461-013-0415-2..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Patient Self-Management, Chronic Conditions, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance