National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Behavioral Health (3)
- Blood Pressure (3)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (3)
- Children/Adolescents (4)
- Chronic Conditions (4)
- Communication (1)
- Community-Based Practice (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Diabetes (5)
- Education (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (2)
- Elderly (2)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Family Health and History (1)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (3)
- Health Promotion (2)
- Health Status (3)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (2)
- (-) Lifestyle Changes (25)
- Nutrition (9)
- Obesity (6)
- Obesity: Weight Management (3)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient and Family Engagement (2)
- Patient Self-Management (3)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Prevention (4)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (5)
- Risk (3)
- Screening (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (2)
- Social Media (1)
- Stress (1)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (2)
- Urban Health (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 25 Research Studies DisplayedHashemi-Arend A, Vasquez KS, Guishard D
Implementing DASH-aligned meals and Self-Measured Blood Pressure to reduce hypertension at senior centers: a RE-AIM analysis.
Investigators implemented two evidence-based interventions not previously tested in senior centers, DASH-aligned congregate meals and Self-Measured Blood Pressure (SMBP), to lower blood pressure (BP) at two senior centers serving low-income, racially diverse communities. Using the RE-AIM framework to analyze implementation, they found that change in systolic BP at Month 1 trended towards significance and change in SMBP reached significance at Month 6; food costs increased by 10%. They concluded that this RE-AIM analysis highlighted the acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity of this DASH/SMBP health intervention to lower BP at senior centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: Hashemi-Arend A, Vasquez KS, Guishard D .
Implementing DASH-aligned meals and Self-Measured Blood Pressure to reduce hypertension at senior centers: a RE-AIM analysis.
Nutrients 2022 Nov 18;14(22):4890. doi: 10.3390/nu14224890..
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Patient Self-Management, Elderly, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes
Harris S, Inoue S
AHRQ Author: Harris S
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors.
In this Putting Prevention into Practice case study to increase understanding of the USPSTF final recommendation on behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors, a 49-year old patient presents for a wellness visit. The patient’s vital signs are described as well as their daily habits, diet, and other medical history. Three multiple-choice questions are presented regarding risk factors, interventions to be recommended, and the benefits of behavioral counseling to promote a healthy diet and physical activity, followed by their answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Harris S, Inoue S .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Oct;106(4):439-40..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes
De Guzman KR, Pratt M, Hwang A
Patient feedback and evaluation measures of a physical activity initiative: Exercise is Medicine program.
This paper discusses patient feedback and physician documentation practices for the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) initiative to increase physical activity (PA) with the objective of preventing chronic diseases. The initiative is currently being implemented in UC San Diego Health Systems’ primary care clinics. The research included collecting and summarizing patient perceptions of EIM and its components and to identify discrepancies between patient-reported feedback and primary care provider (PCP) documentation in corresponding visit notes in the electronic medical record (EMR). A 10-item survey was distributed via MyChart to 316 patients who provided patient recall of EIM components. Patient feedback was positive with approximately 70% of patients reporting having a PA discussion with their PCP at their most recent visit. However, only 21% of these discussions were documented by PCPs using the preprogrammed smartphrase in the EMR.
AHRQ-funded; HS026517.
Citation: De Guzman KR, Pratt M, Hwang A .
Patient feedback and evaluation measures of a physical activity initiative: Exercise is Medicine program.
Fam Pract 2022 Sep 24;39(5):813-18. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmab178..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes
Hashemi A, Vasquez K, Guishard D
Implementing dash-aligned congregate meals and self-measured blood pressure in two senior centers: An open label study.
This study tested whether implementing two evidence-based interventions--DASH-aligned meals provided through an existing congregate meal program, and support for home Self-Measured Blood Pressure (SMBP) monitoring--lowers blood pressure among participants at two senior centers serving low-income, racially diverse communities. Participants were clients aged ≥60, eating ≥4 meals/week at two NYC senior centers. They received DASH-aligned congregate meals, and training in nutrition, BP management education, and personal SMBP device. Primary outcomes was a) change in systolic BP measured by independent health professionals, and b) change in percent with "controlled BP" (Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC-8) Guidelines), at Month 1 compared to Baseline. The authors enrolled 94 participants, with COVID closures interrupting implementation mid-study. Mean systolic BP at Month-1 changed by -4.41 mmHg compared to Baseline. Participants with controlled BP increased at Month 1 and changes in mean BP at Month 1 was significantly correlated with BMI, age, and baseline BP. Mean systolic mean SMBP changed by -6.9 mmHg at Months 5/6.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: Hashemi A, Vasquez K, Guishard D .
Implementing dash-aligned congregate meals and self-measured blood pressure in two senior centers: An open label study.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022 Aug;32(8):1998-2009. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.018..
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Pressure, Community-Based Practice, Patient Self-Management, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Vulnerable Populations
Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
This study used qualitative methods to understand how Latinos with prediabetes attempted to modify their diet and physical activity behaviors to slow type-2 diabetes progression and how stress affected their engagement in these behaviors. Findings showed that stress affected behavioral and cognitive progresses that adversely altered primarily dietary behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S .
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
Ethn Health 2022 Aug;27(6):1395-409. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1880549..
Keywords: Stress, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions
Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
This paper’s objective was to synthesize the evidence on benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity in adults without known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to inform a USPSTF recommendation. Findings showed that healthy diet and physical activity behavioral counseling interventions for persons without a known risk of CVD were associated with small but statistically significant benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes and small to moderate effects on dietary and physical activity behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
JAMA 2022 Jul 26;328(4):375-88. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.7408..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Lifestyle Changes, Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Prevention, Nutrition
Brown SD, Hedderson MM, Gordon N
Reach, acceptability, and perceived success of a telehealth diabetes prevention program among racially and ethnically diverse patients with gestational diabetes: the gem cluster-randomized trial.
The purpose of this study was to describe overall and race/ethnicity-specific reach, acceptability, and perceived success from an effective telehealth diabetes prevention lifestyle program for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, implemented in the Gestational Diabetes Effects on Moms (GEM) cluster-randomized controlled trial. An intervention of 13 telephone sessions and behavior change techniques (BCTs) in a healthcare system were tested by GEM. Survey respondents largely rated BCTs as very helpful. Black and White respondents reported more limited success reaching a healthy weight than Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and multiracial/other women. The researchers concluded that a telehealth diabetes prevention lifestyle program showed both reach and acceptability across racial/ethnic groups, and that similar interventions could encourage preventive care access and help reduce disparities in the risk for diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Hedderson MM, Gordon N .
Reach, acceptability, and perceived success of a telehealth diabetes prevention program among racially and ethnically diverse patients with gestational diabetes: the gem cluster-randomized trial.
Transl Behav Med 2022 Jul 18;12(7):793-99. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibac019..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Prevention, Lifestyle Changes
Patil SJ, Tallon E, Wang Y
Effect of Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches' Program on youth and adults in diverse communities.
This study’s objective was to assess the effects of the Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches’ Program (SYDCP) on youth and adults from a rural and urban underserved high school community. The program trains high school students to become diabetes coaches for friends and adult family members. The authors used the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measure Pediatric Sense of Meaning and Purpose. Coached adults were surveyed using measures from PROMIS Adult Global Health and Self-Efficacy. Twenty-five students participated in the study, with 15 having coached adults with diabetes or prediabetes. Postintervention results included significant improvement in students’ sense of meaning and purpose. Youth and adult-relatedness also led to improved health behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022140.
Citation: Patil SJ, Tallon E, Wang Y .
Effect of Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches' Program on youth and adults in diverse communities.
Fam Community Health 2022 Jul-Sep;45(3):178-86. doi: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000323..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes
Schnitzer K, Senft N, Tindle HA
Understanding engagement behaviors and rapport building in tobacco cessation telephone counseling: an analysis of audio-recorded counseling calls.
This study explored smokers’ and counselors’ engagement and rapport-building behaviors in telephone counseling for smoking cessation and patterns of these behaviors by smokers’ psychiatric symptoms. The study transcribed audio-recorded counseling calls among recently hospitalized participants enrolled in a smoking cessation randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study used baseline RCT data to explore frequencies of smokers’ behaviors among smokers who reported more symptoms of depression (PHQ8 ≥ 10) or anxiety (GAD7 ≥ 10) at study entry. A total of 37 participants were included, who were mostly female (23), White (26), with a median age of 58. At study entry many participants experienced moderate-to-severe symptoms of depression (18/37) and anxiety (22/37). Counselor-led behaviors included building off priority interaction, empathy, normalizing challenges, reframing and summarizing, validating achievements, and expressing shared experiences. Participant-led engagement behaviors occurred more often among patients with higher baseline depression and anxiety symptoms compared to those with lower symptom scores.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Schnitzer K, Senft N, Tindle HA .
Understanding engagement behaviors and rapport building in tobacco cessation telephone counseling: an analysis of audio-recorded counseling calls.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2022 Apr;135:108643. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108643..
Keywords: Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Patient and Family Engagement, Lifestyle Changes
Gao TY, Howe CJ, Zullo AR
Risk factors for self-report of not receiving an HIV test among adolescents in NYC with a history of sexual intercourse, 2013 YRBS.
This study estimated the prevalence of and identified risk factors for not receiving an HIV test among adolescents with a history of sexual intercourse in New York City (NYC), an urban area that has been greatly impacted by the HIV epidemic. The study’s findings suggested that among NYC adolescents with a history of sexual intercourse, the prevalence of HIV testing is low. HIV testing may have been low in part because of limited experience with current screening guidelines among clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Gao TY, Howe CJ, Zullo AR .
Risk factors for self-report of not receiving an HIV test among adolescents in NYC with a history of sexual intercourse, 2013 YRBS.
Vulnerable Child Youth Stud 2017;12(4):277-91. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2016.1268741..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Lifestyle Changes, Screening, Urban Health
Powell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of crime on physical activity location accessibility, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and obesity among African American women. The study’s simulations showed that crime may serve as a barrier to LTPA. Reducing crime and increasing propensity to exercise through multilevel interventions may promote greater than linear declines in obesity prevalence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Powell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J .
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
Obesity 2017 Dec;25(12):2149-55. doi: 10.1002/oby.22040.
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Keywords: Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Ehrlich SF, Hedderson MM, Brown SD
Moderate intensity sports and exercise is associated with glycaemic control in women with gestational diabetes.
The aim of the study was to assess the association of regular, unsupervised sports and exercise during pregnancy, by intensity level, with glycaemic control in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). The study concluded that higher volumes of moderate intensity sports and exercise, reported shortly after GDM diagnosis, were significantly associated with increased odds of achieving glycaemic control.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Ehrlich SF, Hedderson MM, Brown SD .
Moderate intensity sports and exercise is associated with glycaemic control in women with gestational diabetes.
Diabetes Metab 2017 Oct;43(5):416-23. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.01.006..
Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Pregnancy, Women
Young LE, Michaels S, Jonas A
Sex behaviors as social cues motivating social venue patronage among young black men who have sex with men.
This study presents a two-mode network analysis that determines the extent that three types of sex behaviors-condomless sex, sex-drug use, and group sex-influence the patronage of different types of social venues among a population sample of young Black men who have sex with men. Its findings demonstrate that social venues can function as intermediary contexts in which relationships can form between individuals that have greater risk potential.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Young LE, Michaels S, Jonas A .
Sex behaviors as social cues motivating social venue patronage among young black men who have sex with men.
AIDS Behav 2017 Oct;21(10):2924-34. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1679-8.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Substance Abuse
Payan DD, Sloane DC, Illum J
Perceived barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and school lunch meals among adolescents: a qualitative study.
The researchers explored how perceived barriers and facilitators influence healthy eating and investigated the acceptability of changes to school lunch meals among adolescents after implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010. Their findings suggest the need to measure perceived and actual barriers to healthy eating among adolescents and to examine the effect of these barriers on dietary behavior.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Payan DD, Sloane DC, Illum J .
Perceived barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and school lunch meals among adolescents: a qualitative study.
Am J Health Behav 2017 Sep 1;41(5):661-69. doi: 10.5993/ajhb.41.5.15.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults without known cardiovascular risk factors to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Diet and physical activity behavioral interventions were found to result in consistent modest benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes across 6 to 12 months, including blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, and adiposity.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA .
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
JAMA 2017 Jul 11;318(2):175-93. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.3303.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
This study reviews evidence of behavioral lifestyle interventions for weight loss in this population. Evidence for the effectiveness of behavioral interventions versus pharmacological or surgical treatment was limited. Comprehensive and intensive behavioral interventions can result in clinically significant, albeit modest, weight loss in this obese subpopulation but may not result in significant improvements in other cardiometabolic risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG .
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
Prev Med 2017 Jul;100:180-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.022.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Brown SD, Grijalva CS, Ferrara A
Leveraging EHRs for patient engagement: perspectives on tailored program outreach.
Electronic health records (EHRs) present healthcare delivery systems with scalable, cost-effective opportunities to promote lifestyle programs among patients at high risk for type 2 diabetes, yet little consensus exists on strategies to enhance patient engagement. In this study, the investigators explored patient perspectives on program outreach messages containing content tailored to EHR-derived diabetes risk factors--a theory-driven strategy to increase the persuasiveness of health communications.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Grijalva CS, Ferrara A .
Leveraging EHRs for patient engagement: perspectives on tailored program outreach.
Am J of Manag Care 2017 Jul;23(7):e223-e30..
Keywords: Diabetes, Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Healthcare Delivery, Lifestyle Changes, Patient and Family Engagement
Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
The authors of this study compared the effects of alternate behavioral interventions on obesity-related health behaviors by conducting a comparative effectiveness education trial in a community-based sample of 530 adult African Americans. The investigators suggest that education about risk factors for chronic disease and evidence-based strategies for health behavior change may be useful for addressing obesity-related behaviors among African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS019339.
Citation: Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V .
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
Health Educ Res 2017 Jun 1;32(3):207-18. doi: 10.1093/her/cyx039..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Lifestyle Changes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Chung CF, Agapie E, Schroeder J
When personal tracking becomes social: examining the use of Instagram for healthy eating.
The researchers aimed to inform the design of tools to support healthy behaviors by understanding how people appropriate Instagram to track and share food data, the benefits they obtain from doing so, and the challenges they encounter. They concluded that participants tracked to support themselves and others in their pursuit of healthy eating goals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Chung CF, Agapie E, Schroeder J .
When personal tracking becomes social: examining the use of Instagram for healthy eating.
Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst 2017 May 2;2017:1674-87. doi: 10.1145/3025453.3025747.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Patient Self-Management, Social Media
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention designed to facilitate partner support for lifestyle change among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness. After 12 weeks, approximately two-thirds of participants were below their baseline weight at follow-up, including 27 percent who achieved clinically significant weight loss.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
Community Ment Health J 2017 May;53(4):394-404. doi: 10.1007/s10597-017-0100-4.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Using a computational simulation model that was developed to represent all US children ages 8-11 years, the researchers estimated that if 50 percent of children would exercise, the number of obese and overweight youth would decrease by 4 percent, averting $8.1 billion in direct medical costs and $13.8 billion in lost productivity.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E .
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Health Aff 2017 May;36(5):902-08. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1315.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Lifestyle Changes, Healthcare Costs, Obesity
Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C
AHRQ Author: Biener A
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
The purpose of this editorial is to provide new information on the medical care costs of obesity that help motivate various weight loss interventions. The editorial is a part of a special issue with articles examining behavioral, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions for weight loss, based on a 2016 conference on state-of-the-art weight management hosted by the Veterans Health Administration.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C .
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Apr;32(Suppl 1):6-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3968-8.
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Keywords: Obesity, Healthcare Costs, Obesity: Weight Management, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Diaz KM, Booth JN, 3rd, Seals SR
Physical activity and incident hypertension in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of physical activity with incident hypertension among African Americans. It found no statistically significant associations observed for overall physical activity, or work, active living, and household-related physical activities. Results suggest that regular moderate-vigorous physical activity or sport/exercise-related physical activity may reduce the risk of developing hypertension in African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Diaz KM, Booth JN, 3rd, Seals SR .
Physical activity and incident hypertension in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.
Hypertension 2017 Mar;69(3):421-27. doi: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08398.
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Keywords: Blood Pressure, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Oates GR, Jackson BE, Partridge EE
Sociodemographic patterns of chronic disease: how the mid-south region compares to the rest of the country.
This descriptive study examines sociodemographic differences in the distribution of chronic diseases and health-related behaviors in the Mid-South versus the rest of the U.S., identifying subgroups at increased risk of chronic disease. It finds that the Mid-South population had increased rates of chronic disease and worse health-related behaviors than the rest of the U.S. Mid-South blacks had the highest percentages of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and stroke of all subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Oates GR, Jackson BE, Partridge EE .
Sociodemographic patterns of chronic disease: how the mid-south region compares to the rest of the country.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S31-s39. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.004.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health
Cockerham WC, Hamby BW, Oates GR
The social determinants of chronic disease.
This review article addresses the concept of the social determinants of health (SDH), selected theories, and its application in studies of chronic disease. The health effects of SDH are initially discussed with respect to smoking and the social gradient in mortality. The article concludes with an examination of neighborhood disadvantage, social networks, and perceived discrimination in SDH research.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Cockerham WC, Hamby BW, Oates GR .
The social determinants of chronic disease.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S5-s12. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.010.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health