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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
76 to 100 of 1208 Research Studies DisplayedGriffey RT, Schneider RM, Sharp BR
Multicenter test of an emergency department trigger tool for detecting adverse events.
This study details a novel emergency department (ED) trigger tool to detect adverse events using a multidisciplinary, multicenter approach developed by the authors. They conducted a multicenter test of the tool and assessed its performance. The study was conducted during a 13-month period at 4 EDs. Patients age 18 years and older with Emergency Severity Index acuity levels of 1 to 3 by a provider were eligible. Fifty randomly selected visits at each site were reviewed a month. Events were classified by level of harm using the Medication Event Reporting and Prevention (MERP) Index, ranging from a near miss (A) to patient death (I). They captured 2594 visits that are representative, within site, of their patient population. Overall, the sample is 64% white, 54% female, and with a mean age of 51. Variability was observed between sites for age, race, and insurance, but not sex. A total of 240 events were identified in 228 visits (8.8%) of which 53.3% were present on arrival, 19.7% were acts of omission, and 44.6% were medication related. A MERP F score (contributing to need for admission, higher level of care, or prolonged hospitalization) was the most common severity level at 35.4%. Overall, 185 (77.1%) of 240 events involved patient harm (MERP level ≥ E), affecting 175 visits (6.7%). Triggers were present in 951 visits (36.6%). Presence of any trigger was strongly associated with an AE. Ten triggers were individually associated with AEs. Variability was observed across sites in individual trigger associations, event rates, and categories, but not in severity ratings of events. The overall false-negative rate was 6.1%.
AHRQ-funded; HS025052.
Citation: Griffey RT, Schneider RM, Sharp BR .
Multicenter test of an emergency department trigger tool for detecting adverse events.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e843-e49. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000516..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Adverse Events, Patient Safety
Bajaj JS, Shamsaddini A, Acharya C
Multiple bacterial virulence factors focused on adherence and biofilm formation associate with outcomes in cirrhosis.
This study’s goal was to define the association of bacterial virulence factors (VFs) with cirrhosis severity and infections, their linkage with outcomes, and impact of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT). This case-control study followed 233 subjects (40 controls, 43 compensated, 30 HE-only (hepatic encephalopathy), 20 ascites-only, 70 both, and 30 infected. Stool samples were collected before and after a 90-day FMT trial. Bacterial species and VFs for all species and selected pathogens (Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus species) were compared between groups. Decompensated patients, especially those with infections, had higher VFs coding versus the rest. Biofilm and adhesion VFs from Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus species were associated with death and hospitalizations independent of clinical factors regardless of when all VFs or selected pathogens were analyzed. FMT was associated with reduced VF post-FMT versus pre-FMT and post-placebo.
AHRQ-funded; HS025412.
Citation: Bajaj JS, Shamsaddini A, Acharya C .
Multiple bacterial virulence factors focused on adherence and biofilm formation associate with outcomes in cirrhosis.
Gut Microbes 2021 Jan-Dec;13(1):1993584. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1993584..
Keywords: Digestive Disease and Health
Gupta AR, Brajcich BC, Yang AD
Necessity of posttreatment surveillance for low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms.
This study’s objectives were to characterize posttreatment surveillance and determine the risk of recurrence following surgical resection of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs). Patients who underwent surgical rection of localized LAMNs in an 11-hospital regional healthcare system from 2000 to 2019 were included. A total of 114 patients with LAMNs were identified with various tumor grades, most of them pTis (80.7%). Patients were followed up with posttreatment surveillance (n = 39). No patients experienced tumor recurrence after a mean follow-up duration of 4.7 years, suggesting that routine surveillance may be unnecessary.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Gupta AR, Brajcich BC, Yang AD .
Necessity of posttreatment surveillance for low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms.
J Surg Oncol 2021 Dec;124(7):1115-20. doi: 10.1002/jso.26621..
Keywords: Cancer, Surgery, Care Management
Thelen AE, Kendrick DE, Chen X
Novel method to link surgical trainee performance data to patient outcomes.
A significant roadblock in surgical education research has been the inability to compare trainee performance to the outcomes of those surgeons after they enter independent practice. In this study, the investigators described the feasibility of an innovative method to link trainee performance data with patient outcomes. They indicated that this innovation could enable future research investigating the relationship between surgical trainee performance and patient outcomes in independent practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS027653.
Citation: Thelen AE, Kendrick DE, Chen X .
Novel method to link surgical trainee performance data to patient outcomes.
Am J Surg 2021 Dec;222(6):1072-78. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.10.018..
Keywords: Surgery, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Provider Performance, Provider: Physician, Outcomes
Aronson PL, Schaeffer P, Niccolai LM
Parents' perspectives on communication and shared decision making for febrile infants ≤60 days old.
This study examined parents’ perceptions of receiving and understanding information in the emergency department (ED) and their perspectives on shared decision making (SDM) in the management of febrile infants 60 days of age or less. The authors conducted semistructured interviews with 23 parents of febrile infants ≤60 days old evaluated in the pediatric ED at an urban, academic medical center. Themes for parents’ perspectives on SDM included: 1) giving parents the opportunity to express their opinions and concerns builds confidence in the decision making process, 2) parents’ preferences for participation in decision making vary considerably, and 3) different perceptions about risk influence parents’ preferences about having their infant undergo a lumbar puncture (LP). Parents valued risk and benefits of having their infant undergo an LP differently, which influences their preferences.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Aronson PL, Schaeffer P, Niccolai LM .
Parents' perspectives on communication and shared decision making for febrile infants ≤60 days old.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2021 Dec;37(12):e1213-e19. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001977..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Shared Decision Making, Emergency Department
Mueller SK, Shannon E, Dalal A
Patient and physician experience with interhospital transfer: a qualitative study.
This qualitative study explored patients’ and involved physicians’ experience with interhospital transfer (IHT) to understand specific factors that may impact the quality and safety of this care transition. Individual interviews were conducted with adult patients transferred to cardiology, general medicine, and oncology services at a tertiary care academic medical center, as well as their transferring physician, accepting attending physician, and accepting/admitting resident physician. Participants included 10 adults (6 cardiology, 2 medicine, and 2 oncology), 9 accepting attending physicians, 12 accepting and/or admitting resident physicians, and 5 transferring physicians. Emergent themes demonstrated that participants held a shared understanding for the reason for the transfer and relayed a general dissatisfaction regarding the timing and lack of advanced notification of transfer. The authors found distinct differences in IHT experience by stakeholder group - with physicians relaying discontent on intrahospital chains of communication and interhospital information exchange, and patient participants focused more readily on the physical aspects of IHT.
AHRQ-funded; HS023331.
Citation: Mueller SK, Shannon E, Dalal A .
Patient and physician experience with interhospital transfer: a qualitative study.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e752-e57. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000501..
Keywords: Transitions of Care, Hospitals, Hospitalization, Provider: Physician, Patient Experience
Greenwald E, Olds E, Leonard J
Pediatric sepsis in community emergency care settings: guideline concordance and outcomes.
The authors sought to describe the rate of guideline-concordant care, and hypothesized that guideline-concordant care in community pediatric emergency care settings would be associated with decreased hospital length of stay (LOS). They found that guideline-concordant care was not associated with hospital LOS. The elements that drove overall concordance were timely recognition, vascular access, and timely antibiotics. Emergency care for pediatric sepsis in the community settings studied was concordant with guidelines in only 24% of the cases. They recommended future study to evaluate additional drivers of outcomes and ways to improve sepsis care in community emergency care settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS025696.
Citation: Greenwald E, Olds E, Leonard J .
Pediatric sepsis in community emergency care settings: guideline concordance and outcomes.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2021 Dec;37(12):e1571-e77. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002120..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Sepsis, Emergency Department, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Tremblay ES, Millington K, Monuteaux MC
Plasma β-Hydroxybutyrate for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common emergency department presentation of both new-onset and established diabetes mellitus (DM). β-Hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) provides a direct measure of the pathophysiologic derangement in DKA as compared with the nonspecific measurements of blood pH and bicarbonate. The objective of this study was to characterize the relationship between BOHB and DKA. The investigators concluded that β-Hydroxybutyrate accurately predicted DKA in children and adolescents. More importantly, because plasma BOHB is the ideal biochemical marker of DKA, BOHB may provide a more optimal definition of DKA for management decisions and treatment targets.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Tremblay ES, Millington K, Monuteaux MC .
Plasma β-Hydroxybutyrate for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2021 Dec;37(12):e1345-e50. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002035..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Diabetes, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Griffey RT, Schneider RM, Sharp BR
Practical considerations in use of trigger tool methodology in the emergency department.
This article’s purpose was to provide general observations, guidance, and lessons learned in the use of a trigger tool in the emergency department (ED) for adverse events (AEs). The authors identified 46 triggers in the initial ED trigger tool. They tried to include triggers of various types to capture events related to different aspects of an ED visit. The trigger events were reviewed by first-level reviewers, who are typically nurses, and then by second-level reviewers, who are usually other clinicians. An AE was identified using the AHRQ definition adopted by the IHI GTT, which is limited to physical (but not emotional or mental) harm. It must be unintentional and attributable to healthcare. Acts of omission must be included not just acts of commission. They used a modified National Coordinating Council’s Medication Event Reporting and Prevention (MERP) Index to assess severity of harm. MERP E-I events are identified as those that had interventions, with MERP A-D events noted. They outlined several salient areas for consideration in implementing a trigger tool in the ED setting and also specified how to address the highlighted issues.
AHRQ-funded; HS025052.
Citation: Griffey RT, Schneider RM, Sharp BR .
Practical considerations in use of trigger tool methodology in the emergency department.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e837-e42. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000448..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Adverse Events, Patient Safety
Coley RY, Boggs JM, Beck A
Predicting outcomes of psychotherapy for depression with electronic health record data.
This study evaluated models for predicting outcomes of psychotherapy for depression in a clinical practice setting. Findings showed that prediction models did not accurately predict depression treatment outcomes despite using rich electronic health record data and advanced analytic techniques. Recommendations included caution when considering prediction models for psychiatric outcomes using baseline intake information and transparent research to evaluate performance of any model intended for clinical use.
AHRQ-funded; HS026369.
Citation: Coley RY, Boggs JM, Beck A .
Predicting outcomes of psychotherapy for depression with electronic health record data.
J Affect Disord Rep 2021 Dec;6:100198. doi: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100198..
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Quigley DD, Qureshi N, Slaughter ME
Provider and coach perspectives on implementing shadow coaching to improve provider-patient interactions.
Healthcare organizations want to improve patient care experiences. Some use 'shadow coaching' to improve interactions between providers and patients. In this study, the investigators aimed to characterize lessons and barriers to implementing shadow coaching as a mechanism to improve interactions with patients and change organizational culture. The investigators concluded that regular messaging by leadership about the priority and purpose of shadow coaching was essential for both physician engagement and its mature implementation across the organization.
AHRQ-funded; HS025920.
Citation: Quigley DD, Qureshi N, Slaughter ME .
Provider and coach perspectives on implementing shadow coaching to improve provider-patient interactions.
J Eval Clin Pract 2021 Dec;27(6):1381-89. doi: 10.1111/jep.13575..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Patient Experience, Practice Improvement
Pollack CE, Leifheit KM, McGinty EE
Public support for policies to increase housing stability during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated longstanding housing precarity. This study measured the public support for policies designed to increase housing stability and gauged whether support levels were associated with views about the role of evictions in COVID-19 transmission and the existence of racial inequities in the housing market. The investigators concluded that support for housing stability policies was strong among U.S. adults, particularly among those who agreed that preventing evictions slowed COVID-19 transmission and among those who acknowledged racial inequities in the housing market.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Pollack CE, Leifheit KM, McGinty EE .
Public support for policies to increase housing stability during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Am J Prev Med 2021 Dec;61(6):919-22. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.05.006..
Keywords: COVID-19, Policy, Public Health
Henriksen K, Rodrick D, Grace EN
AHRQ Author: Henriksen K, Rodrick D, Grace EN, Shofer M, Brady, JP
Pursuing patient safety at the intersection of design, systems engineering, and health care delivery research: an ongoing assessment.
This article describes a grant initiative undertaken by AHRQ that brings design, systems engineering, and health care delivery research together to test new ideas that could make health care safer. Based on feedback received from project teams, lessons learned are emerging that find considerable variation among project teams in deploying the methodology and a longer-than-anticipated amount of time in bringing team members from different disciplines together where they learn to communicate and function as a team. Three narratives are generated in terms of what success might look like.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Henriksen K, Rodrick D, Grace EN .
Pursuing patient safety at the intersection of design, systems engineering, and health care delivery research: an ongoing assessment.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e1685-e90. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000577..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare Delivery, Learning Health Systems, Health Systems
Savarimuthu SM, Cairns C, Allorto NL SM, Cairns C, Allorto NL
qSOFA as a predictor of ICU outcomes in a resource-limited setting in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
This study’s goal was to determine whether the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score based on bedside assessment alone was a promising tool for risk prediction in low-resource settings. This retrospective cohort study included adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Edendale Hospital in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa (SA), recruited into the study between 2014 and 2018. Using multivariable logistic regression, the association of qSOFA with in-ICU mortality was measured, and discrimination was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the additive contribution to a baseline model using likelihood ratio testing. The qSOFA scores of 0, 1 and 2 were not associated with increased odds of in-ICU mortality in patients with infection, while the qSOFA of 3 was associated with in-ICU mortality in infected patients. Discrimination for mortality was fair to poor and adding qSOFA to a baseline model yielded a statistical improvement in both cases.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Savarimuthu SM, Cairns C, Allorto NL SM, Cairns C, Allorto NL .
qSOFA as a predictor of ICU outcomes in a resource-limited setting in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
South Afr J Crit Care 2020; 36(2). doi: 10.7196/SAJCC.2020.v36i2.433..
Keywords: Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Sepsis, Critical Care, Outcomes
Tokede O, Walji M, Ramoni R
Quantifying dental office-originating adverse events: the dental practice study methods.
Investigators initiated the Dental Practice Study (DPS) with the goal of determining the frequency and types of adverse events (AEs) that occur in dentistry on the basis of retrospective chart audit. In this article, they discussed the 6-month pilot phase of the DPS during which they explored the feasibility and efficiency of their multi-staged review process to detect AEs.
Citation: Tokede O, Walji M, Ramoni R .
Quantifying dental office-originating adverse events: the dental practice study methods.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e1080-e87. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000444..
Keywords: Dental and Oral Health, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Medical Errors
Kunz SN, Helkey D, Zitnik M
Quantifying the variation in neonatal transport referral patterns using network analysis.
This retrospective study evaluated the association of neonatal patient characteristics with quantitative differences in neonatal transport networks. Data was analyzed for infants <28 days of age acutely transported within California from 2008 to 2012. The authors analyzed 34,708 acute transfers, representing 1594 unique transfer routes between 271 hospitals. They found greater degrees of regionalization for preterm and surgical patients compared to term infants and those transported for medical reasons.
AHRQ-funded; HS025749.
Citation: Kunz SN, Helkey D, Zitnik M .
Quantifying the variation in neonatal transport referral patterns using network analysis.
J Perinatol 2021 Dec;41(12):2795-803. doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-01091-w..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Hospitals, Transitions of Care
Vervoort D, Canner JK, Haut ER
Racial disparities associated with reinterventions after elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.
In this study, the authors’ goal was to examine racial disparities associated with reinterventions following elective endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) in a real-world cohort. Using the Vascular Quality Initiative EVAR dataset, they found that Black patients requiring reintervention were more frequently female, more frequently current or former smokers, and less frequently insured by Medicare/Medicaid. After adjusting for baseline differences, the risk of reintervention after elective EVAR was significantly lower for Black versus White patients, and all-cause mortality was comparable between groups. The authors recommended further investigation.
AHRQ-funded; HS024547.
Citation: Vervoort D, Canner JK, Haut ER .
Racial disparities associated with reinterventions after elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.
J Surg Res 2021 Dec;268:381-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.07.010..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Outcomes
Krissberg JR, Kaufmann MB, Gupta A
Racial disparities in pediatric kidney transplantation under the new Kidney Allocation System in the United States.
This study aimed to assess how implementation of the 2014 Kidney Allocation System (KAS) affected racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric kidney transplantation access and related outcomes. The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of children <18 years of age active on the kidney transplant list from 2008 to 2019 using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. Results found that all children experienced longer wait times from activation to transplantation post-KAS. Although they found that Black and Hispanic children and other children of color experienced longer times from activation to transplant compared with White children in both eras; this finding was largely attenuated after multivariable analysis. Multivariable analysis also showed that racial and ethnic disparities in time from dialysis initiation to transplantation in the pre-KAS era were lessened in the post-KAS era. No disparities were found in odds of delayed graft function, however Black and Hispanic children experienced longer times with a functioning graft in the post-KAS era.
AHRQ-funded; HS026128.
Citation: Krissberg JR, Kaufmann MB, Gupta A .
Racial disparities in pediatric kidney transplantation under the new Kidney Allocation System in the United States.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Dec; 16(12):1862-71. doi: 10.2215/cjn.06740521..
Keywords: Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Kidney Disease and Health, Transplantation
Pienta M, Shore S, Pagani FD
Rates and types of infections in left ventricular assist device recipients: a scoping review.
This scoping review examined rates and types of infections in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients. A comprehensive literature search was done from January 2006 to February 2019. After screening 9680 titles and abstracts, 132 full text articles were included for data extraction. The most commonly studied LVAD-specific infections were driveline infections followed by pocket and pump or cannula infections. Driveline infection rates ranged from 5-56% within the first 6 months, 7-71% after the first year, and 7-65% at 2 years. Bloodstream infections were the most commonly studied LVAD-related infections with rates in the first month ranging from 2.6% to 10%, 13-20% within the first 6 months of implant, and 3-27% within 1 year of implant. Pocket infection incidence was reported in 20 studies with fairly low rates for all time periods. The authors found a substantial proportion of studies did not report according to Strengthening the Reporting of Observation Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, including demographic information of follow-up time. They also did not adhere to minimum reporting criteria and did not use standardized definitions of infections. This has implications for future investigations.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Pienta M, Shore S, Pagani FD .
Rates and types of infections in left ventricular assist device recipients: a scoping review.
JTCVS Open 2021 Dec;8:405-11. doi: 10.1016/j.xjon.2021.08.005..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Wing SE, Hu H, Lopez L
Recall of genomic testing results among patients with cancer.
Genomic testing of somatic and germline DNA has transformed cancer care. However, low genetic knowledge among patients may compromise care and health outcomes. Given the rise in genomic testing, we sought to understand patients' knowledge of their genetic test results. The investigators conducted a survey-based study with 85 patients at a comprehensive cancer center and compared self-reported recall of (a) having had somatic/germline testing and (b) their specific somatic/germline results to the genomic test results documented in the medical record.
AHRQ-funded; HS024984.
Citation: Wing SE, Hu H, Lopez L .
Recall of genomic testing results among patients with cancer.
Oncologist 2021 Dec;26(12):e2302-e05. doi: 10.1002/onco.13928..
Keywords: Cancer, Genetics, Health Literacy
Ernest EC, Hellar A, Varallo J
Reducing surgical site infections and mortality among obstetric surgical patients in Tanzania: a pre-evaluation and postevaluation of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention.
This study evaluated the impact of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention in Tanzania to reduce surgical site infection (SSI) rates and mortality after caesarean sections (CS). The authors used the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) to measure WHO SSC utilization, SSI rates, and CS-related perioperative mortality rates (POMRs) before and 18 months after implementation. The SSC utilization rate for CS increased from 3.7% to 95.1%, which decreased the proportion of women with SSI after CS from 14% during baseline to 1%. CS-related POMR decreased by 38.5% after implementation of safe surgery interventions as well.
AHRQ-funded; HS024235.
Citation: Ernest EC, Hellar A, Varallo J .
Reducing surgical site infections and mortality among obstetric surgical patients in Tanzania: a pre-evaluation and postevaluation of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention.
BMJ Glob Health 2021 Dec;6(12). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006788..
Keywords: Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Patient Safety
Clark AW, Durkin MJ, Olsen MA
Rural-urban differences in antibiotic prescribing for uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
This study examined rural-urban differences in temporal trends and risk of inappropriate antibiotic use by agent and duration among women with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI). This observational cohort study identified US commercially insured women aged 18-44 coded for uncomplicated UTI and prescribed an antibiotic from the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database (2010-2015). Of the 670,450 women with uncomplicated UTIs, a large proportion received antibiotic prescriptions for inappropriate agents (46.7%) or durations (76.1%). Rural women were more likely to receive prescriptions with inappropriately long durations than urban women. There was a slight decline in patients who received inappropriate agents and durations from 2011 to 2015. Rural-urban differences varied over time by agent, geographic region, and provider specialty.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Clark AW, Durkin MJ, Olsen MA .
Rural-urban differences in antibiotic prescribing for uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2021 Dec;42(12):1437-44. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.21..
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Practice Patterns
Mills J, Mohnot S
AHRQ Author: Mills J
Screening for gestational diabetes.
This “Putting Prevention into Practice: An Evidence Based Approach” paper is a case study with questions and answers related to a patient with gestational diabetes.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mills J, Mohnot S .
Screening for gestational diabetes.
Am Fam Physician 2021 Dec 1;104(6):641-42..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Diabetes, Pregnancy, Screening, Prevention, Women, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Case Study
Rao BR, Merchant FM, Howard DH
Shared decision-making for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: policy goals, metrics, and challenges.
Researchers discussed shared decision-making for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), including the results from a case study implementing the shared decision-making mandate for ICDs, which involved providing patients with decision aids prior to or following the doctor consultation.
AHRQ-funded; HS028558.
Citation: Rao BR, Merchant FM, Howard DH .
Shared decision-making for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: policy goals, metrics, and challenges.
J Law Med Ethics 2021 Win;49(4):622-29. doi: 10.1017/jme.2021.85..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Medical Devices, Policy, Cardiovascular Conditions
Rumble DD, O'Neal K, Overstreet DS
Sleep and neighborhood socioeconomic status: a micro longitudinal study of chronic low-back pain and pain-free individuals.
This study compared associations between neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES), pain-status (chronic low back pain vs. pain-free), and daily sleep metrics in 117 adults. With neighborhood-level SES gathered from Neighborhood Atlas, and with individuals completing home sleep monitoring for 7 consecutive days/nights, analyses revealed neighborhood-level SES and neighborhood-level SES pain-status interaction significantly impacted objective sleep quality.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Rumble DD, O'Neal K, Overstreet DS .
Sleep and neighborhood socioeconomic status: a micro longitudinal study of chronic low-back pain and pain-free individuals.
J Behav Med 2021 Dec;44(6):811-21. doi: 10.1007/s10865-021-00234-w..
Keywords: Sleep Problems, Back Health and Pain, Chronic Conditions, Pain