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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 41 Research Studies DisplayedAlbright K, Hurley LP, Lockhart S
Attitudes about adult vaccines and reminder/recall in a safety net population.
The objective of this study was to determine patient perspectives on adult vaccines generally; attitudes about Tdap, pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV-23), and seasonal influenza vaccines specifically; and preferences for adult reminder/recall delivery.
AHRQ-funded; HS022648.
Citation: Albright K, Hurley LP, Lockhart S .
Attitudes about adult vaccines and reminder/recall in a safety net population.
Vaccine 2017 Dec 19;35(52):7292-96. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.11.001..
Keywords: Influenza, Pneumonia, Vaccination, Prevention, Respiratory Conditions
Parker TC, Mohammed A, Leong T
Rotavirus vaccination rate disparities seen among infants with acute gastroenteritis in Georgia.
The purpose of this study was to determine possible disparities and socio-economic differences in RV vaccination rates. The study conclude that racial disparities and socio-economic differences are not determinants in rotavirus vaccination rates; however, age and ethnicity have an effect on RV vaccine status.
AHRQ-funded; HS024338.
Citation: Parker TC, Mohammed A, Leong T .
Rotavirus vaccination rate disparities seen among infants with acute gastroenteritis in Georgia.
Ethn Health 2017 Dec;22(6):585-95. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1244744..
Keywords: Disparities, Health Status, Newborns/Infants, Social Determinants of Health, Vaccination
Erves JC, Mayo-Gamble TL, Hull PC
Adolescent participation in HPV vaccine clinical trials: are parents willing?
This study examined factors influencing parental willingness to consent to their adolescents' participation in HPV vaccine clinical trials and tested for possible racial differences. The authors assert that educating parents about the advantages of HPV vaccines for younger adolescents using low-literacy educational materials and building trust between parents and researchers may increase parental willingness to consent to adolescent participation in HPV vaccine clinical trials.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Erves JC, Mayo-Gamble TL, Hull PC .
Adolescent participation in HPV vaccine clinical trials: are parents willing?
J Community Health 2017 Oct;42(5):894-901. doi: 10.1007/s10900-017-0331-x..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Research Methodologies, Vaccination
Leshem E, Tate JE, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner. CA
National estimates of reductions in acute gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and associated costs in US children after implementation of rotavirus vaccines.
The study compared acute gastroenteritis (AGE)-related hospitalization rates among children <5 years of age during the pre-rotavirus vaccine (2000-2006) and post-rotavirus vaccine (2008-2013) periods to estimate national reductions in AGE-related hospitalizations and associated costs.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Leshem E, Tate JE, Steiner CA .
National estimates of reductions in acute gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and associated costs in US children after implementation of rotavirus vaccines.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2017 Aug 17;7(3):257-60. doi: 10.1093/jpids/pix057..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Vaccination
Lee BY, Haidari LA
The importance of vaccine supply chains to everyone in the vaccine world.
The study authors detail how vaccine supply chains may affect the work and decision making of ten examples of different members of the vaccine community: preclinical vaccinologists, vaccine clinical trialists, vaccine package designers, health care workers, epidemiologists and disease surveillance experts, policy makers, storage equipment manufacturers, other technology developers, information system specialists, and funders.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Haidari LA .
The importance of vaccine supply chains to everyone in the vaccine world.
Vaccine 2017 Aug 16;35(35 Pt A):4475-79. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.096..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Vaccination
McFarland M, Szasz TP, Zhou JY
Colonization with 19F and other pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes in children in St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
The primary goal of this study was to determine the vaccine-type (VT) serotype prevalence of nasopharyngeal (NP) pneumococcal colonization of children residing in the St. Louis, MO, USA metropolitan area following introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2010. It concluded that children in St. Louis exhibit a higher prevalence of VT serotypes among pneumococcal carriage isolates than has been reported in other areas in the US.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: McFarland M, Szasz TP, Zhou JY .
Colonization with 19F and other pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes in children in St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Vaccine 2017 Aug 3;35(34):4389-95. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.047.
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Keywords: Vaccination, Children/Adolescents, Pneumonia, Infectious Diseases
Calo WA, Gilkey MB, Shah P
Parents' willingness to get human papillomavirus vaccination for their adolescent children at a pharmacy.
The researchers sought to examine parents' willingness to get human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for their children at pharmacies. Overall, their national survey found that 29 percent of parents would be willing to get HPV vaccine for their children at a pharmacy. Parental willingness was associated with believing that pharmacists are skilled at administering vaccines.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Calo WA, Gilkey MB, Shah P .
Parents' willingness to get human papillomavirus vaccination for their adolescent children at a pharmacy.
Prev Med 2017 Jun;99:251-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.02.003.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Infectious Diseases, Provider: Pharmacist, Sexual Health, Vaccination
Lee BY, Wedlock PT, Haidari LA
Economic impact of thermostable vaccines.
Using simulation models of the vaccine supply chains for the Republic of Benin, the state of Bihar (India), and Niger, the researchers simulated replacing different existing vaccines with thermostable formulations and determined the resulting clinical and economic impact. They concluded that medical cost and productivity savings could outweigh even significant price premiums charged for thermostable formulations of vaccines, providing support for their use.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Wedlock PT, Haidari LA .
Economic impact of thermostable vaccines.
Vaccine 2017 May 25;35(23):3135-42. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.081.
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Keywords: Vaccination, Healthcare Costs
Brown T, Goldman SN, Persell SD
Development and evaluation of a patient education video promoting pneumococcal vaccination.
The researchers aimed to develop and refine a patient education video about pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (PPSV23) and to assess patient perceptions regarding video content and receipt of video during a clinic visit. They found that focus group participants had positive reactions to the video but suggested reducing the intensity of messages about pneumonia severity. Participants shown the revised video during a clinic visit perceived it to be easy to understand and informative.
AHRQ-funded; HS021141.
Citation: Brown T, Goldman SN, Persell SD .
Development and evaluation of a patient education video promoting pneumococcal vaccination.
Patient Educ Couns 2017 May;100(5):1024-27. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.12.025.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Pneumonia, Vaccination
Adamson BJS, Carlson JJ, Kublin JG
The potential cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis combined with HIV vaccines in the United States.
This economic evaluation found that at current prices, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) was not cost-effective alone or in combination. A combination strategy had the greatest health benefit but was not cost-effective as compared to vaccination alone. Vaccine durability and PrEP drug prices were key drivers of cost-effectiveness.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Adamson BJS, Carlson JJ, Kublin JG .
The potential cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis combined with HIV vaccines in the United States.
Vaccines 2017 May 24;5(2). doi: 10.3390/vaccines5020013.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Vaccination, Healthcare Costs, Prevention
Rao R, Schreiber B, Lee BY
Immunization supply chains: why they matter and how they are changing.
While considerable investments have been made over the past two decades to ensure that children and adults throughout the world have equitable access to safe and effective vaccines, comparatively few investments have been made to ensure that immunization products are safely and reliably managed and delivered from the point of arrival in a country to the many places where immunization services are provided. This editorial discusses the importance of immunization supply chains and describes how they are changing.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Rao R, Schreiber B, Lee BY .
Immunization supply chains: why they matter and how they are changing.
Vaccine 2017 Apr 19;35(17):2103-04. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.062..
Keywords: Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Wedlock P
When are solar refrigerators less costly than on-grid refrigerators: a simulation modeling study.
Gavi the Vaccine Alliance recommends solar refrigerators for vaccine storage in areas with less than eight hours of electricity per day, and World Health Organization guidelines are more conservative. This study investigated whether solar refrigerators provide value where electrical outages are less frequent. It identified the frequency and duration at which electrical outages need to occur for solar refrigerators to provide savings in total cost per dose administered over electric refrigerators at different solar refrigerator prices.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Wedlock P .
When are solar refrigerators less costly than on-grid refrigerators: a simulation modeling study.
Vaccine 2017 Apr 19;35(17):2224-28. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.103.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Medication, Vaccination
Iroh Tam PY, Thielen BK, Obaro SK
Childhood pneumococcal disease in Africa - a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
This study provided updated estimates of the incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing disease in Africa. It concluded that, although the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in young children in Africa is substantial, currently available conjugate vaccines are estimated to cover the majority of invasive disease-causing pneumococcal serotypes.
AHRQ-funded; HS020666.
Citation: Iroh Tam PY, Thielen BK, Obaro SK .
Childhood pneumococcal disease in Africa - a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
Vaccine 2017 Apr 4;35(15):1817-27. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.045.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Infectious Diseases, Medication, Pneumonia, Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Constenla D
Geospatial planning and the resulting economic impact of human papillomavirus vaccine introduction in Mozambique.
Researchers developed the Strategic Integrated Geo-temporal Mapping Application) to determine the potential economic impact of HPV immunization in Mozambique. If each health center covers a catchment area with a 5-km radius, then 40 percent of the target population could be reached to prevent 50 cases, 178 disability-adjusted life years, and US $202,854 in health care costs and lost productivity.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Constenla D .
Geospatial planning and the resulting economic impact of human papillomavirus vaccine introduction in Mozambique.
Sex Transm Dis 2017 Apr;44(4):222-26. doi: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000574.
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Keywords: Cancer, Healthcare Costs, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Vaccination
Kao CJ, Wurz GT, Lin YC
Repurposing ospemifene for potentiating an antigen-specific immune response.
The overall objective of the present series of preclinical studies was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of ospemifene in combination with a peptide cancer vaccine. The authors concluded that, taken together, ospemifene's dose response and schedule-dependent immune modulating activity offers a method of tailoring and augmenting the efficacy of previously failed antigen-specific cancer vaccines for a wide range of malignancies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Kao CJ, Wurz GT, Lin YC .
Repurposing ospemifene for potentiating an antigen-specific immune response.
Menopause 2017 Apr;24(4):437-51. doi: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000776.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Medication, Vaccination
Baldwin AS, Denman DC, Sala M
Translating self-persuasion into an adolescent HPV vaccine promotion intervention for parents attending safety-net clinics.
Researchers developed a tablet-based application (in English and Spanish) to elicit parental self-persuasion for adolescent HPV vaccination and evaluated its feasibility in a safety-net population. They found that the self-persuasion application was feasible and resulted in a change in parents' decision stage. Future studies can now test the efficacy of the tablet-based application on HPV vaccination.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Baldwin AS, Denman DC, Sala M .
Translating self-persuasion into an adolescent HPV vaccine promotion intervention for parents attending safety-net clinics.
Patient Educ Couns 2017 Apr;100(4):736-41. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.11.014.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Prevention
Adamson B, Dimitrov D, Devine B
The potential cost-effectiveness of HIV vaccines: a systematic review.
The aim of this paper was to review and compare HIV vaccine uncertainty in model, methodology, and parameterization. Model assumptions about vaccine price, HIV treatment costs, epidemic context, and willingness to pay influenced results more consistently than assumptions on HIV transmission dynamics.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Adamson B, Dimitrov D, Devine B .
The potential cost-effectiveness of HIV vaccines: a systematic review.
Pharmacoeconom Open 2017 Mar;1(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/s41669-016-0009-9.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Healthcare Costs, Vaccination
Nace DA, Archbald-Pannone LR, Ashraf MS
Pneumococcal vaccination guidance for post-acute and long-term care settings: recommendations from AMDA's infection advisory committee.
Sorting out the indications and timing for 13 pneumococcal serotypes and 23 pneumococcal serotypes administration is complex. The authors discuss the importance of pneumococcal vaccination for older adults, detail AMDA-The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (The Society)'s recommendations for pneumococcal vaccination practice and procedures, and offer guidance to postacute and long-term care providers supporting the development and effective implementation of pneumococcal vaccine policies.
AHRQ-funded; HS023779.
Citation: Nace DA, Archbald-Pannone LR, Ashraf MS .
Pneumococcal vaccination guidance for post-acute and long-term care settings: recommendations from AMDA's infection advisory committee.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017 Feb;18(2):99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.11.010.
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Keywords: Elderly, Guidelines, Nursing Homes, Pneumonia, Vaccination
Lee BY, Mueller LE, Tilchin CG
A systems approach to vaccine decision making.
Vaccines reside in a complex multiscale system that includes biological, clinical, behavioral, social, operational, environmental, and economical relationships. Mathematical and computational modeling can help better understand and address complex systems by representing all or most of the components, relationships, and processes. This article presents ten lessons learned from using computational models to bring more of a systems approach to vaccine decision making.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Mueller LE, Tilchin CG .
A systems approach to vaccine decision making.
Vaccine 2017 Jan 20;35 Suppl 1:A36-a42. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.033.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Vaccination
Haidari LA, Brown ST, Wedlock P
Map of different vaccine supply chain efficiency measures.
With this map (Fig. 1) of different vaccine supply chain efficiency measures, decision makers such as immunization program managers, ministries of health, and non-governmental organizations can determine whether they are collecting duplicative information, missing measuring certain domains, or could use alternative measures to capture the same or more information. The map shows how some measures are actually calculated or derived from other measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Haidari LA, Brown ST, Wedlock P .
Map of different vaccine supply chain efficiency measures.
Vaccine 2017 Jan 3;35(1):199-200. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.025.
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Keywords: Vaccination
Carroll KN, Gebretsadik T, Escobar GJ
Respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants and development of childhood asthma.
This study sought to determine whether greater adherence to immunoprophylaxis in infants at high risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) would be associated with decreased childhood asthma in a Medicaid population. The investigation of RSV immunoprophylaxis in high-risk children primarily found nonsignificant associations on prevention of asthma in specific preterm groups .
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Carroll KN, Gebretsadik T, Escobar GJ .
Respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants and development of childhood asthma.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017 Jan;139(1):66-71.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.055.
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Keywords: Asthma, Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Vaccination
Fitzpatrick MC, Shah HA, Pandey A
One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control in India.
The authors developed a data-driven rabies transmission model fit to human rabies autopsy data and human rabies surveillance data from Tamil Nadu, India. They found that highly feasible strategies focused on stray dogs, vaccinating as few as 7% of dogs annually, could very cost-effectively reduce human rabies deaths by 70% within 5 years, and a modest expansion to vaccinating 13% of stray dogs could cost-effectively reduce human rabies by almost 90%. Futher, if owners are willing to bring dogs to central point campaigns at double the rate that campaign teams can capture strays, expanded annual targets become cost-effective.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Fitzpatrick MC, Shah HA, Pandey A .
One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control in India.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016 Dec 20;113(51):14574-81. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1604975113.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Vaccination
Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Zhu Y
Changes in empyema among U.S. children in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era.
The authors assessed changes in the incidence of empyema hospitalizations among U.S. children after the PCV13 vaccine introduction. They found that although empyema hospitalization rates among U.S. children peaked after the PCV7 vaccine introduction, rates decreased substantially following the introduction of PCV13.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Zhu Y .
Changes in empyema among U.S. children in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era.
Vaccine 2016 Dec 7;34(50):6243-49. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.062.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Vaccination
Bilinski AM, Fitzpatrick MC, Rupprecht CE
Optimal frequency of rabies vaccination campaigns in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of rabies canine vaccination campaigns at varying coverage and frequency. The researchers, studying two districts of northwest Tanzania, found that optimal vaccination strategies were every 2 years, at 80% coverage in Ngorongoro and annually at 70% coverage in Serengeti. They further found that coordinated campaigns may provide monetary savings in addition to public health benefits. They concluded that frequency and coverage of canine vaccination campaigns should be evaluated simultaneously and tailored to local canine ecology as well as to the risk of disease reintroduction from surrounding regions.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Bilinski AM, Fitzpatrick MC, Rupprecht CE .
Optimal frequency of rabies vaccination campaigns in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Proc Biol Sci 2016 Nov 16;283(1842). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1211.
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Keywords: Patient Safety, Prevention, Vaccination
Denman DC, Baldwin AS, Marks EG
Modification and validation of the Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire to assess parental motivation for HPV vaccination of adolescents.
The researchers investigated measures of motivation for HPV vaccination using confirmatory factor analysis to test a three-factor measurement model. Their findings support the use of three subscales to measure motivation in HPV vaccination and suggest possible cultural differences in motivation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Denman DC, Baldwin AS, Marks EG .
Modification and validation of the Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire to assess parental motivation for HPV vaccination of adolescents.
Vaccine 2016 Sep 22;34(41):4985-90. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.037.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Infectious Diseases, Patient and Family Engagement, Vaccination