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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- Behavioral Health (2)
- (-) Burnout (17)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Clostridium difficile Infections (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Depression (1)
- Education: Continuing Medical Education (1)
- Education: Curriculum (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (2)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (2)
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- Nursing Homes (1)
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- Primary Care: Models of Care (1)
- Provider (7)
- Provider: Clinician (3)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider: Nurse (4)
- Provider: Physician (10)
- Public Health (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Social Stigma (1)
- Stress (4)
- Surgery (1)
- Training (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 17 of 17 Research Studies DisplayedSexton JB, Adair KC, Cu X
Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: a randomized clinical trial of WISER.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the effectiveness of the Web-based Implementation for the Science of Enhancing Resilience (WISER) intervention, a positive psychology program constructed to improve six dimensions of the wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCW). The researchers utilized cohorts comprised of actively employed HCWs across the United States: cohort 1 received WISER web-based intervention in the form of links daily for 10 days exposing them to videos and positive psychology exercises; cohort 2 served as a 14-day waiting list control before receiving the same. The study found that at 1 week, when compared to the control group, WISER significantly improved depressive symptoms, work-life integration, happiness, emotional thriving, and emotional recovery, but not emotional exhaustion. Results of the combined cohort 1, 6, and 12 months revealed that all 6 wellbeing outcomes were significantly improved relative to the baseline. At the 6-month assessment, 87% of partifipants reported favorable impressions of WISER.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Sexton JB, Adair KC, Cu X .
Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: a randomized clinical trial of WISER.
Front Public Health 2022 Dec 8; 10:1016407. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016407..
Keywords: Provider: Health Personnel, Burnout, Stress
Cardell CF, Yuce TK, Zhan T
What they are not telling us: analysis of nonresponders on a national survey of resident well-being.
The objective of this study was to characterize nonrespondents to a national survey about trainee well-being, and to examine patterns of responses to questions of a sensitive nature and assess how nonresponse biases estimates of mistreatment and well-being. The survey was administered with 2018 and 2019 American Board of Surgery In-Training Examinations and assessed demographics, dissatisfaction with education/career, mistreatment, burnout, thoughts of attrition, and suicidality. Overall response rates are high for this survey, but non-White or Hispanic residents were more likely to skip questions about racial/ethnic discrimination than White, non-Hispanic residents. Women were not more likely to omit questions regarding gender, gender identity, or sexual orientation discrimination. Prevalence estimates of burnout, suicidality, and gender discrimination were likely to be minimally impacted by nonresponse.
AHRQ-funded; HS025752.
Citation: Cardell CF, Yuce TK, Zhan T .
What they are not telling us: analysis of nonresponders on a national survey of resident well-being.
Ann Surg Open 2022 Dec; 3(4):e228. doi: 10.1097/as9.0000000000000228..
Keywords: Provider: Physician, Burnout
Livaudais M, Deng D, Frederick T
Perceived value of the electronic health record and its association with physician burnout.
The objective of this study was to investigate how seniority/years of practice, gender, and screened burnout status were associated with opinions of electronic health record (EHR) use on quality, cost, and efficiency of care. Ambulatory primary care and subspecialty clinicians at three different institutions were surveyed. Findings showed that burnout status was significantly associated with clinicians' perceived value of EHR technologies, while years of practice and gender were not.
AHRQ-funded; HS022065.
Citation: Livaudais M, Deng D, Frederick T .
Perceived value of the electronic health record and its association with physician burnout.
Appl Clin Inform 2022 Aug;13(4):778-84. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1755372..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Burnout, Provider: Physician
Kerrissey M, Tietschert M, Novikov Z
Social features of integration in health systems and their relationship to provider experience, care quality and clinical integration.
The purpose of this study was to explore the social features of health system integration -elements of normative integration (alignment of norms) and interpersonal integration (collaboration among professionals and with patients). The researchers administered surveys to practice managers and 1,360 staff and physicians at 59 practice sites within 17 health systems, with a 61% response rate of 828. The study found that the variables of normative and interpersonal integration were both consistently related to better provider experience, perceived care quality, and clinical integration. Variance in social features of integration may help explain why some health systems are better at integrating care, highlighting normative and interpersonal integration as possible resources for improvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS024067.
Citation: Kerrissey M, Tietschert M, Novikov Z .
Social features of integration in health systems and their relationship to provider experience, care quality and clinical integration.
Med Care Res Rev 2022 Jun; 79(3):359-70. doi: 10.1177/10775587211024796..
Keywords: Burnout, Provider: Physician, Health Systems
Evans LV, Ray JM, Bonz JW
Improving patient and clinician safety during COVID-19 through rapidly adaptive simulation and a randomised controlled trial: a study protocol.
The purpose of this study will be to simultaneously assess the challenges and facilitators of COVID-19 preparedness in the emergency department (ED) and the mitigation of emergency physician stress, test the effectiveness of a simulation preparedness intervention on physician physiological stress, and improve physician preparedness while decreasing physician stress and anxiety.
AHRQ-funded; HS028340.
Citation: Evans LV, Ray JM, Bonz JW .
Improving patient and clinician safety during COVID-19 through rapidly adaptive simulation and a randomised controlled trial: a study protocol.
BMJ Open 2022 May 19;12(5):e058980. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058980..
Keywords: COVID-19, Patient Safety, Simulation, Burnout, Provider: Clinician
Fraiman YS, Cheston CC, Cabral HJ
Effect of a novel mindfulness curriculum on burnout during pediatric internship: a cluster randomized clinical trial.
This study examined the effectiveness of a monthly mindfulness curriculum (Mindfulness Intervention for New Interns) for medical interns on emotional exhaustion (EE) as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory 9-question EE subscale as well as secondary outcomes of depersonalization, personal accomplishment, and burnout. This was a randomized clinical trial of 340 pediatric interns participating in 15 US pediatric training programs from June 2017 to February 2019. The intervention included 7 hour-long sessions and a monthly mindfulness refresher implemented during internship. The active control arm also included monthly 1-hour social lunches. Follow-up was done at 6 months and at month 15. Both arms’ EE scores were higher at 6 and 15 months than at baseline, but EE did not significantly differ by arm in multivariable analyses. There were also no significant differences in the 6 secondary outcomes at month 6 or month 15.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Fraiman YS, Cheston CC, Cabral HJ .
Effect of a novel mindfulness curriculum on burnout during pediatric internship: a cluster randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Pediatr 2022 Apr;176(1):365-72. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.5740..
Keywords: Education: Curriculum, Burnout, Provider: Physician
Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB
Discrimination, Abuse, Harassment, and Burnout in Surgical Residency Training.
A cross-sectional national survey of general surgery residents, administered with the 2018 American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination, assessed mistreatment, burnout, and suicidal thoughts during the past year. The authors assessed the association of mistreatment with burnout and suicidal thoughts; they found that mistreatment occurs frequently among general surgery residents, especially women, and is associated with burnout and suicidal thoughts.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB .
Discrimination, Abuse, Harassment, and Burnout in Surgical Residency Training.
N Engl J Med 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1741-52. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa1903759..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Burnout, Stress, Surgery, Provider: Physician, Provider, Training
Kelly LA, McHugh MD, Aiken LH
Nurse Outcomes in Magnet(R) and non-magnet hospitals.
The goal of this study was to determine whether work environments, staffing, and nurse outcomes differ between Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals. Results demonstrated superior nurse work environments in Magnet hospitals compared with non-Magnet hospitals, with better work environments being associated with lower nurse job dissatisfaction and burnout. Three decades of evidence showing superior outcomes for Magnet hospitals place this organizational innovation into a class all of its own as best practice, deserving the attention of hospital leaders, nurses, and the public.
AHRQ-funded; HS017551.
Citation: Kelly LA, McHugh MD, Aiken LH .
Nurse Outcomes in Magnet(R) and non-magnet hospitals.
J Nurs Adm 2019 Oct;49(10S Suppl):S19-s24. doi: 10.1097/nna.0000000000000801..
Keywords: Burnout, Hospitals, Provider, Provider: Nurse, Workforce
White EM, Aiken LH, McHugh MD
Registered nurse burnout, job dissatisfaction, and missed care in nursing homes.
The purpose of this article was to examine the relationship between registered nurse (RN) burnout, job dissatisfaction, and missed care in nursing homes. The investigators concluded that missed nursing care due to inadequate time or resources is common in nursing homes and is associated with RN burnout and job dissatisfaction; they indicated that improved work environments with sufficient staff hold promise for improving care and nurse retention.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: White EM, Aiken LH, McHugh MD .
Registered nurse burnout, job dissatisfaction, and missed care in nursing homes.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Oct;67(10):2065-71. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16051..
Keywords: Provider: Nurse, Provider, Burnout, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Workforce
Kroth PJ, Morioka-Douglas N, Veres S
Association of electronic health record design and use factors with clinician stress and burnout.
The authors sought to determine which electronic health record (EHR) design and use factors are associated with clinician stress and burnout and to identify other sources that contribute to this problem. Surveying ambulatory primary care and subspecialty clinicians from 3 institutions, they found that, although EHR design and use factors are associated with clinician stress and burnout, other challenges, such as chaotic clinic atmospheres and workload control, explain considerably more of the variance in these adverse clinician outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022065.
Citation: Kroth PJ, Morioka-Douglas N, Veres S .
Association of electronic health record design and use factors with clinician stress and burnout.
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Aug 2;2(8):e199609. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.9609..
Keywords: Burnout, Stress, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician, Provider: Nurse
Brunsberg KA, Landrigan CP, Garcia BM
Association of pediatric resident physician depression and burnout with harmful medical errors on inpatient services.
The objective of this paper was to determine whether higher rates of medical errors were associated with positive screenings for depression or burnout among resident physicians. Results of this prospective cohort study showed that resident physicians with a positive depression screen were three times more likely than those who screened negative to make harmful errors, indicating the importance of determining what interventions might mitigate the patient safety risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS019456.
Citation: Brunsberg KA, Landrigan CP, Garcia BM .
Association of pediatric resident physician depression and burnout with harmful medical errors on inpatient services.
Acad Med 2019 Aug;94(8):1150-56. doi: 10.1097/acm.0000000000002778..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Provider: Physician, Provider, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Burnout, Patient Safety, Depression, Behavioral Health
Barbash IJ, Pilewski JM, McVerry BJ
Closing the loop: engaging leaders and front-line physicians to promote physician wellness.
The authors describe their experience with linking buy-in from organizational leaders with a process of engaging frontline physicians to identify and drive changes designed to improve physician wellness in an academic pulmonary and critical care medicine division. They conclude that, with support from local leaders, empowered physicians can improve their work environments in ways that allow them to focus on the essential missions of academic medicine—discovery, teaching, and patient care.
AHRQ-funded; HS025455.
Citation: Barbash IJ, Pilewski JM, McVerry BJ .
Closing the loop: engaging leaders and front-line physicians to promote physician wellness.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2019 Aug;16(8):970-73. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201812-866PS.
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Keywords: Burnout, Provider: Physician, Provider
Gupta K, Lisker S, Rivadeneira NA
Decisions and repercussions of second victim experiences for mothers in medicine (SAVE DR MoM).
Researchers characterized events contributing to the second-victim effect among a diverse sample of physician mothers, described the impact on both provider and patient, and sought to determine the association between experiencing a mistake and burnout. They found that physician mothers involved in errors experience negative outcomes and may be at increased risk for burnout. They recommended additional research focusing on strategies to mitigate burnout associated with the second victim effect, particularly among women physicians and those with family responsibilities.
AHRQ-funded; HS023558.
Citation: Gupta K, Lisker S, Rivadeneira NA .
Decisions and repercussions of second victim experiences for mothers in medicine (SAVE DR MoM).
BMJ Qual Saf 2019 Jul;28(7):564-73. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008372..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Burnout, Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Provider: Physician
Hessels AJ, Kelly AM, Chen L
Impact of infectious exposures and outbreaks on nurse and infection preventionist workload.
Researchers evaluated workload increases reported by staff nurses and infection preventionists (IPs) in response to common exposures and outbreaks. Using surveys, they concluded that organisms that are easier to treat and more difficult to spread, such as scabies or lice, can contribute substantially to nursing workload. Additionally, three-quarters of the nurses and one-half of the IPs reported that C difficile adds more than one hour to their daily workload.
AHRQ-funded; HS024915.
Citation: Hessels AJ, Kelly AM, Chen L .
Impact of infectious exposures and outbreaks on nurse and infection preventionist workload.
Am J Infect Control 2019 Jun;47(6):623-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.02.007..
Keywords: Burnout, Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Provider: Nurse, Public Health
Nocon RS, Fairchild PC, Gao Y
Provider and staff morale, job satisfaction, and burnout over a 4-year medical home intervention.
This study examined the impact of adopting the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) on clinicians and staff at primary care practices. A longitudinal study was done comparing baseline (201) and post-intervention (2013-2014) survey results. Five-hundred thirty-six providers and staff at baseline and 589 were surveyed post-intervention. Almost half of all clinics reported improved better job morale, job satisfaction, and freedom from burnout. However, there were some clinics that saw a decrease in the percentage of providers reporting high job satisfaction and freedom from burnout. Control clinics were not used in this study, so it is impossible to know if results were similar in non-PCMH primary care practices.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Nocon RS, Fairchild PC, Gao Y .
Provider and staff morale, job satisfaction, and burnout over a 4-year medical home intervention.
J Gen Intern Med 2019 Jun;34(6):952-59. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-04893-z..
Keywords: Burnout, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Primary Care: Models of Care, Provider, Provider: Clinician, Stress
Tawfik DS, Shanafelt TD, Dyrbye LN
Personal and professional factors associated with work-life integration among US physicians.
Poor work-life integration (WLI) occurs when career and personal responsibilities come in conflict and may contribute to the ongoing high rates of physician burnout. The characteristics associated with WLI are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify personal and professional factors associated with WLI in physicians and identify factors that modify the association between gender and WLI.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Tawfik DS, Shanafelt TD, Dyrbye LN .
Personal and professional factors associated with work-life integration among US physicians.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 May;4(5):e2111575. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11575..
Keywords: Burnout, Provider: Physician, Provider
Dir AL, Saldana L, Chapman JE
Burnout and mental health stigma among juvenile probation officers: the moderating effect of participatory atmosphere.
This study examined the effects of job burnout on mental health stigma among juvenile probation offices (JPOs). Due to the high rate of mental health issues among juveniles in the justice system, there is a high burnout rate among JPOs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024296.
Citation: Dir AL, Saldana L, Chapman JE .
Burnout and mental health stigma among juvenile probation officers: the moderating effect of participatory atmosphere.
Adm Policy Ment Health 2019 Mar;46(2):167-74. doi: 10.1007/s10488-018-0902-x..
Keywords: Burnout, Behavioral Health, Social Stigma