National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
76 to 100 of 135 Research Studies DisplayedEpstein DA, Kang JH, Pina LR
Reconsidering the device in the drawer: lapses as a design opportunity in personal informatics.
The authors used a survey of 141 people who had lapsed in using Fitbit and identified three use patterns and four perspectives on tracking. Participant Fitbit use and perspective on tracking influenced the preference of those surveyed, and the authors surfaced these preferences in a series of contrasts. They concluded by discussing how these contrasts suggest new designs and opportunities in other tracking domains.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Epstein DA, Kang JH, Pina LR .
Reconsidering the device in the drawer: lapses as a design opportunity in personal informatics.
Proc ACM Int Conf Ubiquitous Comput 2016 Sep 12:829-40. doi: 10.1145/2971648.2971656..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Mayberry LS, Harper KJ, Osborn CY
Family behaviors and type 2 diabetes: what to target and how to address in interventions for adults with low socioeconomic status.
The researchers studied adults with type 2 diabetes at a Federally Qualified Health Center to better understand experiences with diabetes-specific family behaviors and willingness to engage family members in diabetes interventions. They found that some participants (40 percent) said engaging family in interventions would positively affect all members; others (27 percent) did not want to involve family.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Mayberry LS, Harper KJ, Osborn CY .
Family behaviors and type 2 diabetes: what to target and how to address in interventions for adults with low socioeconomic status.
Chronic Illn 2016 Sep;12(3):199-215. doi: 10.1177/1742395316644303.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Patient Self-Management, Social Determinants of Health, Lifestyle Changes, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Bradley KA, Lapham GT
Is it time for a more ambitious research agenda for decreasing alcohol-related harm among young adults?
The authors commented that brief motivational interviewing-based interventions could probably impact drinking at the population level. They noted that there is a critical need to develop and test more effective interventions and recommended that the public health approach to preventing alcohol-related harm among young adults include known effective approaches, including those that decrease alcohol use by reducing the availability of alcohol.
AHRQ-funded; HS023173.
Citation: Bradley KA, Lapham GT .
Is it time for a more ambitious research agenda for decreasing alcohol-related harm among young adults?
Addiction 2016 Sep;111(9):1531-2. doi: 10.1111/add.13235.
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Keywords: Alcohol Use, Lifestyle Changes, Prevention, Substance Abuse, Young Adults
Nadpara PA, Madhavan SS, Tworek C
Tobacco-use cessation counseling service usage.
The authors evaluated patterns of receipt of Tobacco-use Cessation Counseling (TCC) services among elderly lung cancer patients. They found a critical need to address disparities in receipt of TCC services among elderly. They concluded that, although lung cancer preventive services are covered under the Medicare program, these services are underutilized.
AHRQ-funded; HS018622.
Citation: Nadpara PA, Madhavan SS, Tworek C .
Tobacco-use cessation counseling service usage.
W V Med J 2016 Sep-Oct;112(5):66-71.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Elderly, Healthcare Utilization, Lifestyle Changes, Tobacco Use
Yaghjyan L, Carlsson NP, Ghita GL
Associations of individual characteristics and lifestyle factors with metabolism of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in NHANES 2001-2012.
The authors examined associations of several individual characteristics and lifestyle factors with the ratio of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate to mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHP:MEHHP) and %MEHP (the ratio of MEHP to the sum of the secondary metabolites). They found that non-Caucasian individuals had higher %MEHP, that age was inversely associated, that overweight individuals had lower MEHP:MEHHP, and that alcohol consumption was inversely associated with %MEHP among men. They concluded that individual and lifestyle characteristics are associated with differences in DEHP metabolism.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Yaghjyan L, Carlsson NP, Ghita GL .
Associations of individual characteristics and lifestyle factors with metabolism of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in NHANES 2001-2012.
Environ Res 2016 Aug;149:23-31. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.002.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Silverberg JI, Song J, Pinto D
Atopic dermatitis is associated with less physical activity in US adults.
The authors sought to use objective measures to confirm whether adults with atopic dermatitis (AD) have decreased vigorous physical activity. Their results confirmed and expanded on previous studies that found less self-reported vigorous physical activity among adults with AD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Silverberg JI, Song J, Pinto D .
Atopic dermatitis is associated with less physical activity in US adults.
J Invest Dermatol 2016 Aug;136(8):1714-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.04.025.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Risk, Skin Conditions
Saffran K, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Kass AE
Facebook usage among those who have received treatment for an eating disorder in a group setting.
The researchers explored Facebook use among individuals with a history of receiving treatment for an eating disorder (ED) in a group setting. They found that interactions on Facebook could affect patients' recovery and potential for relapse, suggesting that it may be helpful for treatment providers to discuss Facebook use and its potential benefits and drawbacks with patients preparing for discharge from group treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Saffran K, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Kass AE .
Facebook usage among those who have received treatment for an eating disorder in a group setting.
Int J Eat Disord 2016 Aug;49(8):764-77. doi: 10.1002/eat.22567.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Social Media
Strom MA, Silverberg JI
Associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with atopic disease in United States children.
The purpose of this study was to determine if eczema, asthma, and hay fever are associated with vigorous physical activity, television/video game usage, and sports participation and if sleep disturbance modifies such associations. The investigators concluded that children with severe atopic disease, accompanied by sleep disturbance, have higher risk of sedentary behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Strom MA, Silverberg JI .
Associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with atopic disease in United States children.
J Pediatr 2016 Jul;174:247-53.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.063..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Lifestyle Changes, Risk, Skin Conditions
Oreskovic NM, Fletcher R, Sharifi M
Design and rationale of the STRIVE trial to improve cardiometabolic health among children and families.
The researchers described the design and rationale for the Study for using Technology to Reach Individual Excellence (STRIVE), which incorporates patient-generated mobile health technology (mHealth) data on health behaviors and provides clinical recommendations to help manage cardiometabolic risk and disease (CMRD) among at-risk families. They concluded that the STRIVE trial will test the use of mHealth to improve health behaviors among families at-risk for or with established CMRD.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986; HS024001.
Citation: Oreskovic NM, Fletcher R, Sharifi M .
Design and rationale of the STRIVE trial to improve cardiometabolic health among children and families.
Contemp Clin Trials 2016 Jul;49:149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.07.012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Telehealth
Brown SD, Ehrlich SF, Kubo A
Lifestyle behaviors and ethnic identity among diverse women at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
The authors examined if ethnic identity could help account for variations in lifestyle behaviors within a diverse population at high risk for type 2 diabetes. Their findings suggest that ethnic group attachment is associated with some lifestyle behaviors, independent of acculturation indicators, among young women with gestational diabetes who are at high risk for type 2 diabetes. They suggest that prospective research is needed to clarify the temporal nature of associations between ethnic identity and modifiable diabetes risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Ehrlich SF, Kubo A .
Lifestyle behaviors and ethnic identity among diverse women at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
Soc Sci Med 2016 Jul;160:87-93. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.024.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Pregnancy, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Women
Aschbrenner KA, Naslund JA, Shevenell M
A pilot study of a peer-group lifestyle intervention enhanced with mHealth technology and social media for adults with serious mental illness.
This pilot study of 32 participants examined the preliminary effectiveness of a peer-group lifestyle intervention enhanced with mobile health technology and social media for obese individuals with serious mental illness. Most participants (72%) lost weight, and 17% showed clinically significant improvements in cardiovascular fitness. This study demonstrated the preliminary effectiveness of peer-group lifestyle intervention in a community mental health setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Naslund JA, Shevenell M .
A pilot study of a peer-group lifestyle intervention enhanced with mHealth technology and social media for adults with serious mental illness.
J Nerv Ment Dis 2016 Jun;204(6):483-6. doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000530.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Social Media, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Community-Based Practice
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Feasibility study of increasing social support to enhance a healthy lifestyle intervention for individuals with serious mental illness.
The authors assessed the feasibility of increasing support from family and friends to enhance a healthy lifestyle intervention (In SHAPE) adapted for individuals with serious mental illness. They found that participants reported high satisfaction and perceived benefits from the program, showing that the study design is feasible and that the intervention can facilitate social support for health behavior change in people with serios mental illness.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Feasibility study of increasing social support to enhance a healthy lifestyle intervention for individuals with serious mental illness.
J Soc Social Work Res 2016 Summer;7(2):289-313. doi: 10.1086/686486.
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Keywords: Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Nutrition, Obesity: Weight Management
Ehrlich SF, Sternfeld B, Krefman AE
Moderate and vigorous intensity exercise during pregnancy and gestational weight gain in women with gestational diabetes.
The researchers estimated the associations of exercise intensity during pregnancy with the rate of gestational weight gain (GWG) from gestational diabetes (GDM) diagnosis to delivery. Upon stratification by prepregnancy overweight/obesity, they found that significant associations were only observed for BMI greater than or equal to 25.0. There were no associations observed for moderate intensity exercise.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Ehrlich SF, Sternfeld B, Krefman AE .
Moderate and vigorous intensity exercise during pregnancy and gestational weight gain in women with gestational diabetes.
Matern Child Health J 2016 Jun;20(6):1247-57. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-1926-z.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Pregnancy, Women
Epstein DA, Caraway M, Johnston C
Beyond abandonment to next steps: understanding and designing for life after personal informatics tool use.
The authors extended recent research with new insights drawn from people reflecting on their experiences after they stop tracking, examining how designs continue to influence people even after abandonment. They connected their findings to models of personal informatics and identified six reasons why people stop tracking and five perspectives on life after tracking. In this article, they discussed these results and opportunities for design to consider life after self-tracking.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Epstein DA, Caraway M, Johnston C .
Beyond abandonment to next steps: understanding and designing for life after personal informatics tool use.
Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst 2016 May;2016:1109-13. doi: 10.1145/2858036.2858045.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Pellegrini CA, Song J, Chang RW
Change in physical activity and sedentary time associated with 2-year weight loss in obese adults with osteoarthritis.
The investigators examined if changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light activity, and sedentary behavior are related to weight change over a 2-year period in obese adults with elevated risk for knee osteoarthritis. They found that small increases in MVPA and decreases in sedentary time over 2 years were associated with weight loss among adults with obesity and with or at elevated risk for knee osteoarthritis.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Pellegrini CA, Song J, Chang RW .
Change in physical activity and sedentary time associated with 2-year weight loss in obese adults with osteoarthritis.
J Phys Act Health 2016 May;13(5):461-6. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2015-0404.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Arthritis, Obesity: Weight Management
Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Castro Sweet CM
AHRQ Author: Kaplan RM
Cost-effectiveness of the LIFE physical activity intervention for older adults at increased risk for mobility disability.
The study objective was to examine the resources required to deliver the physical activity (PA) intervention and calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness compared with a health education intervention. They found that the average cost per participant over 2.6 years was US $3,302 and US $1,001 for the PA and health education interventions, respectively. PA participants accrued 0.047 per person more Quality-Adjusted Life-Years than health education participants.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Castro Sweet CM .
Cost-effectiveness of the LIFE physical activity intervention for older adults at increased risk for mobility disability.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016 May;71(5):656-62. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw001.
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Keywords: Elderly, Lifestyle Changes, Health Promotion, Healthcare Costs, Quality of Life
Epstein DA, Cordeiro F, Fogarty J
Crumbs: lightweight daily food challenges to promote engagement and mindfulness.
The authors introduced and examined crumbs: daily food challenges completed by consuming one food that meets the challenge. They found that crumbs supported engagement and mindfulness while offering opportunities to learn about food.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Epstein DA, Cordeiro F, Fogarty J .
Crumbs: lightweight daily food challenges to promote engagement and mindfulness.
Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst 2016 May;2016:5632-44. doi: 10.1145/2858036.2858044.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Rosas LG, Lv N, Xiao L
Evaluation of a culturally-adapted lifestyle intervention to treat elevated cardiometabolic risk of Latino adults in primary care (Vida Sana): a randomized controlled trial.
The authors discussed the 5-year Vida Sana study, which tests a culturally adapted and technology-enhanced group-based Diabetes Prevention Program intervention in a randomized controlled trial with overweight/obese Latino adults who have metabolic syndrome and/or pre-diabetes. The main goal was to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. The authors hypothesized that the intervention will lead to a greater mean reduction in weight at 24 months vs. usual care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Rosas LG, Lv N, Xiao L .
Evaluation of a culturally-adapted lifestyle intervention to treat elevated cardiometabolic risk of Latino adults in primary care (Vida Sana): a randomized controlled trial.
Contemp Clin Trials 2016 May;48:30-40. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.03.003.
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Keywords: Cultural Competence, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Primary Care, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Prochaska JJ, Michalek AK, Brown-Johnson C
Likelihood of unemployed smokers vs nonsmokers attaining reemployment in a one-year observational study.
The researchers examined the differences in reemployment by smoking status in a 12-month period. This study, the first to prospectively track reemployment success by smoking status, concluded that smokers had a lower likelihood of reemployment at 1 year and were paid significantly less than nonsmokers when reemployed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022192.
Citation: Prochaska JJ, Michalek AK, Brown-Johnson C .
Likelihood of unemployed smokers vs nonsmokers attaining reemployment in a one-year observational study.
JAMA Intern Med 2016 May;176(5):662-70. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0772.
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Keywords: Tobacco Use, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Lifestyle Changes, Risk
Lyons EJ, Baranowski T, Basen-Engquist KM
Testing the effects of narrative and play on physical activity among breast cancer survivors using mobile apps: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
This paper described a study to determine the effectiveness of an intervention that combines narrative and gaming to encourage sustained physical activity in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. The primary outcome of the study is minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity at six months. Other objectively measured outcomes include fitness and physical function. Self-reported outcomes include quality of life, depression, and motivation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Lyons EJ, Baranowski T, Basen-Engquist KM .
Testing the effects of narrative and play on physical activity among breast cancer survivors using mobile apps: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
BMC Cancer 2016 Mar 9;16:202. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2244-y.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Telehealth
Kim A, Silverberg JI
A systematic review of vigorous physical activity in eczema.
The researchers conducted a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to explore the relationship between eczema and vigorous physical activity. Their systematic review revealed few high-quality studies, with varying definitions of exercise and vigorous physical activity, and it appears that none of the self-reported assessments of physical activity was previously validated.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kim A, Silverberg JI .
A systematic review of vigorous physical activity in eczema.
Br J Dermatol 2016 Mar;174(3):660-2. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14179.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Evidence-Based Practice
Stevens VJ, Solberg LI, Bailey SR
Assessing trends in tobacco cessation in diverse patient populations.
This study examined change in tobacco use over 4 years among the general population of patients in six diverse health care organizations using electronic medical record data. It found that among smokers who regularly used these care systems, one in seven had achieved long-term cessation after 4 years. The study shows the practicality of using electronic medical records for monitoring patient smoking status over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS019828.
Citation: Stevens VJ, Solberg LI, Bailey SR .
Assessing trends in tobacco cessation in diverse patient populations.
Nicotine Tob Res 2016 Mar;18(3):275-80. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv092.
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Keywords: Tobacco Use, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Healthcare Delivery, Lifestyle Changes
Fiechtner L, Kleinman K, Melly SJ
Effects of proximity to supermarkets on a randomized trial studying interventions for obesity.
To determine whether proximity to a supermarket modified the effects of an obesity intervention, the researchers examined distance to the closest supermarket as an effect modifier.They concluded that living closer to a supermarket is associated with greater improvements in fruit and vegetable intake and weight status in an obesity intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Kleinman K, Melly SJ .
Effects of proximity to supermarkets on a randomized trial studying interventions for obesity.
Am J Public Health 2016 Mar;106(3):557-62. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302986.
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Keywords: Obesity, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health, Behavioral Health
Morgan E, Skaathun B, Michaels S
Marijuana use as a sex-drug is associated with HIV risk among black MSM and their network.
Little attention has been paid to marijuana use among black men who have sex with men and its potential for HIV risk. This study found that respondents with a moderate or high perception of network members who use marijuana were more likely to use marijuana both in general and as a sex-drug.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Morgan E, Skaathun B, Michaels S .
Marijuana use as a sex-drug is associated with HIV risk among black MSM and their network.
AIDS Behav 2016 Mar;20(3):600-7. doi: 10.1007/s10461-015-1195-7.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Lifestyle Changes
Ma J, Rosas LG, Lv N
Precision lifestyle medicine: a new frontier in the science of behavior change and population health.
The precision medicine movement heralds targeted and proactive treatments for precisely characterized disease phenotypes and endotypes to achieve optimal health for individual patients. Precision lifestyle medicine represents a departure from traditional lifestyle intervention models and calls for innovative tools and transformative mechanism-driven strategies to support this new paradigm. The authors further argue that precision lifestyle medicine supports the diversity of individuals in the adoption and maintenance of healthy lifestyles.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Ma J, Rosas LG, Lv N .
Precision lifestyle medicine: a new frontier in the science of behavior change and population health.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Mar;50(3):395-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.035.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Lifestyle Changes, Lifestyle Changes