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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Arthritis (1)
- Behavioral Health (2)
- Children/Adolescents (7)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (1)
- Communication (1)
- Disabilities (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (2)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Family Health and History (3)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Health Status (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (4)
- Low-Income (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Nutrition (2)
- Obesity (17)
- (-) Obesity: Weight Management (20)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (2)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Primary Care (3)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (2)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Surgery (5)
- Workflow (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 20 of 20 Research Studies DisplayedDarling KE, West C, Jelalian E
The buffering effect of family support on the association between weight-based teasing and adolescent weight management outcomes.
This study examined the buffering effect that family support on the association between weight-based victimization (WBV) and adolescent weight management options. Parents of adolescents (n = 78) completed psychosocial measures at baseline of a clinical weight management program. Objective height and weight were measured at baseline and follow-up at Visit 3. There was a significant moderating effect of family support on the association between WBV and weight change (p = .04), accounting for 5.0% of the variance in weight change.
AHRQ-funded; HS02707.
Citation: Darling KE, West C, Jelalian E .
The buffering effect of family support on the association between weight-based teasing and adolescent weight management outcomes.
J Fam Psychol 2023 Sep; 37(6):942-46. doi: 10.1037/fam0001084..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Warnick J, Darling KE, Topor LS
Formative development of a weight management intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Researchers interviewed overweight or obese adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), their caregivers, and pediatric endocrinologists to understand if they would be interested in a weight management intervention adapted for youth with T1D. The results provided detailed recommendations for the adaptation of a behavioral weight management intervention. Five central themes emerged: program content, programmatic messaging, program structure, social support, and risk of eating disorders.
AHRQ-funded; HS027071.
Citation: Warnick J, Darling KE, Topor LS .
Formative development of a weight management intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Pediatr Diabetes 2023; 2023. doi: 10.1155/2023/9584419..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Chronic Conditions, Obesity: Weight Management
Lucy AT, Rakestraw SL, Stringer C
Readability of patient education materials for bariatric surgery.
This paper examined readability and reading level of online bariatric surgery and standardized perioperative electronic medical record (EMR) patient education materials (PEM). National organizations recommend that PEM not exceed a sixth grade reading level. One institution was used to assess readability of PEM. Text readability was assessed by seven validated instruments and mean readability scores calculated with standard deviations and compared using unpaired t-tests. A total of 32 webpages and seven EMR education documents were assessed. Web pages were overall assessed as "difficult to read" compared to "standard/average" readability EMR materials. All web pages were at or above high school reading levels, with the highest reading levels being pages with nutrition information and the lowest reading level patient testimonials. EMR materials were found to be at sixth to ninth grade reading level.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Lucy AT, Rakestraw SL, Stringer C .
Readability of patient education materials for bariatric surgery.
Surg Endosc 2023 Aug; 37(8):6519-25. doi: 10.1007/s00464-023-10153-3..
Keywords: Surgery, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Health Literacy
Zamudio J, Kanji FF, Lusk C
Identifying workflow disruptions in robotic-assisted bariatric surgery: elucidating challenges experienced by surgical teams.
The goal of this observational study was to investigate the impact of robotic bariatric surgery (RBS) on the surgical work system via the study of flow disruptions (FDs), or deviations from the natural workflow progression. Twenty-nine RBS procedures were observed at three sites; FDs were recorded in real time and subsequently classified into one of nine work system categories. FDs occurred approximately every 2.4 minutes and happened most frequently during the final patient transfer and robot docking phases of RBS. The coordination challenges that contributed most to these disruptions were associated with waiting for staff/instruments and readjusting equipment.
AHRQ-funded; HS026491.
Citation: Zamudio J, Kanji FF, Lusk C .
Identifying workflow disruptions in robotic-assisted bariatric surgery: elucidating challenges experienced by surgical teams.
Obes Surg 2023 Jul; 33(7):2083-89. doi: 10.1007/s11695-023-06620-4..
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Surgery, Workflow, Obesity
Barnett S, Matthews K, DeWindt L
Deaf Weight Wise: a novel randomized clinical trial with Deaf sign language users.
The purpose of this research was to address the lack of scientifically supported weight management programs specifically designed for the Deaf population. The researchers developed the Deaf Weight Wise (DWW) trial and intervention which was informed by community-based participatory research. The primary focus of DWW is promoting a healthy lifestyle and weight management through dietary adjustments and physical activity. A total of 104 Deaf adults aged 40 to 70 years, with a BMI ranging from 25 to 45, were recruited from community settings in Rochester, New York. Participants were randomized into either immediate intervention (n = 48) or a 1-year delayed intervention group (n = 56). The latter group served as a no-intervention control until the trial's midpoint. Data were collected at five time points (every six months) from baseline to 24 months. All DWW intervention leaders and participants were Deaf individuals using American Sign Language (ASL). The study found that at the 6-month mark, the average weight change difference between the immediate-intervention group and the delayed-intervention group (no intervention yet) was -3.4 kg. A majority (61.6%) of those in the immediate intervention group lost ≥5% of their baseline weight, compared to 18.1% in the no-intervention-yet group. Indicators of participant engagement included an average attendance of 11/16 sessions (69%), and 92% completed the 24-month data collection. The researchers concluded that the DWW program, which is community-engaged, culturally tailored, and provides language accessibility, successfully supported weight loss among Deaf ASL users.
AHRQ-funded; HS015700
Citation: Barnett S, Matthews K, DeWindt L .
Deaf Weight Wise: a novel randomized clinical trial with Deaf sign language users.
Obesity 2023 Apr;31(4):965-76. doi: 10.1002/oby.23702.
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Disabilities, Obesity
Darling KE, Warnick J, Guthrie KM
Weight management engagement for teens from low-income backgrounds: qualitative perspectives from adolescents and caregivers.
Adolescents from low-income backgrounds are at a higher risk for obesity and obesity-related negative health outcomes. In addition, these adolescents have lower access to, and success in, weight management (WM) programs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore engagement in a hospital-based WM program from the adolescent and caregiver perspective at varying levels of program initiation and engagement. The researchers conducted qualitative interviews with 55 participants, including 29 adolescents and 26 caregivers. This included: a) those who were referred to WM treatment, but never initiated (non-initiators); b) those who dropped out from treatment; and c) those who that had continuous participation in treatment (engaged). The study found that participants across all groups reported that they did not have a complete understanding of the scope or goals of the WM program after initial referral. In addition, many participants identified misperceptions of the program (e.g., perceptions of a screening visit as compared to an intensive program). Both caregivers and adolescents identified caregivers as drivers of engagement, with adolescents often tentative about participation in the program. However, engaged adolescents found the program valuable and sought ongoing participation following caregiver initiation.
AHRQ-funded; HS02707.
Citation: Darling KE, Warnick J, Guthrie KM .
Weight management engagement for teens from low-income backgrounds: qualitative perspectives from adolescents and caregivers.
J Pediatr Psychol 2023 Feb 15; 48(7):593-601. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad008..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Low-Income, Patient and Family Engagement
Barlow SE, Yudkin J, Nelson V
Dynamo Kids!/¡Niños Dinámicos! A web site for pediatric primary care providers to offer parents of children 6-12 years old with overweight and obesity: web site development and protocol for pilot study.
The purpose of this study will be to determine whether a self-guided web site offered by pediatric primary care providers could assist parents with applying healthy behaviors. If successful, a large, controlled study may be conducted to further assess. The Dynamo Kids/¡Niños Dinámicos program was created with feedback from parents and health care professionals, developing a bilingual site for parents to about healthy behavior changes for their children and how to implement them. Electronic health record modifications alert providers to qualified children at well-child encounters. Parents complete online surveys before entering the site. In month 3 of the study, the practitioners will examine children in weight-focused appointments. Outcomes include change in Family Nutrition and Physical Activity parent survey score (primary) and change in child relative BMI (secondary). Additional data include time spent on site, provider surveys, and provider and parent interviews.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Barlow SE, Yudkin J, Nelson V .
Dynamo Kids!/¡Niños Dinámicos! A web site for pediatric primary care providers to offer parents of children 6-12 years old with overweight and obesity: web site development and protocol for pilot study.
J Pediatr Health Care 2023 Jan-Feb; 37(1):17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.09.003..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Primary Care, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Family Health and History
Cedillo M, Kukhareva PV, Larsen SM
Impact of electronic health record-coaching features in weight change: a secondary analysis from the MAINTAIN-pc randomized trial.
This study evaluated whether coaching features were successfully transmitted via electronic health record (EHR) communication and to evaluate their relationship with weight change in a previously tested EHR-based coaching intervention. The authors conducted a secondary analysis from the Maintaining Activity and Nutrition through Technology-Assisted Innovation in Primary Care (MAINTAIN-pc) study randomized clinical trial in nine primary care practices and one specialty practice (endocrinology) affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Eligible participants were aged 18 to 75 years, had intentional 5% weight loss in the previous 2 years, had access to an internet-connected computer, and had receipt of care from a University of Pittsburgh Medical Center primary care provider. Participants content with intervention delivery via the EHR and those who felt a strong connection to their coach had significantly less weight regain. Participants who had needs unmet by the intervention (e.g., "in-person" support in a group setting or individual settings) regained more weight. The results suggest heterogeneity in the patient population regarding preference for in-person versus EHR-based coaching formats.
AHRQ-funded; HS021162.
Citation: Cedillo M, Kukhareva PV, Larsen SM .
Impact of electronic health record-coaching features in weight change: a secondary analysis from the MAINTAIN-pc randomized trial.
Obesity 2023 Jan;31(1):31-36. doi: 10.1002/oby.23595..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Lifestyle Changes
Shen MR, Jiang S, Millis MA
Racial variation in baseline characteristics and wait times among patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether differences exist in baseline characteristics or access to care between white and non-white patients of bariatric surgery. The researchers utilized a statewide bariatric-specific data registry and assessed all patients of bariatric surgery who completed a baseline questionnaire prior to the operation and compared data among racial groups. A total of 73,141 patients were included with 25.5% self-identifying as non-white. Non-white males were the least represented group with 4% of all bariatric surgery cases performed. Despite having higher rates of college education, when compared to white patients non-white patients were more likely to be younger, disabled, and have Medicaid. Despite having higher rates of patients with a body mass index above 50 kg/m the median time from the first evaluation to surgery was longer among non-white patients (157 days vs. 127 days.) The study concluded that despite presenting with higher rates of severe obesity, when compared with white patients non-white patients of bariatric surgery are an extremely diverse group with greater socioeconomic disadvantages and longer wait times.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Shen MR, Jiang S, Millis MA .
Racial variation in baseline characteristics and wait times among patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Surg Endosc 2023 Jan; 37(1):564-70. doi: 10.1007/s00464-022-09292-w..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Surgery, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Disparities
Berge JM, Truesdale KP, Sherwood NE
Beyond the dinner table: who's having breakfast, lunch and dinner family meals and which meals are associated with better diet quality and BMI in pre-school children?.
This study examined the frequency of eating breakfast, lunch or dinner family meals and associations with pre-school children's overall diet quality and BMI percentile. The authors concluded that breakfast family meal frequency and total weekly family meal frequency were associated with healthier diet quality in non-Hispanic pre-school children but not in Hispanic children. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify the association between family meal type and child diet quality and BMI percentile.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Berge JM, Truesdale KP, Sherwood NE .
Beyond the dinner table: who's having breakfast, lunch and dinner family meals and which meals are associated with better diet quality and BMI in pre-school children?.
Public Health Nutr 2017 Dec;20(18):3275-84. doi: 10.1017/s1368980017002348..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Nutrition, Obesity: Weight Management, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Robinson A, Fiechtner L, Roche B
Association of maternal gestational weight gain with the infant fecal microbiota.
The researchers aimed to examine associations of maternal gestational weight gain with infant fecal microbiota composition, bacterial community richness, and Shannon diversity index. Their prospective cohort study of healthy infants concluded that maternal gestational weight gain was associated with the infant fecal microbiota profiles, bacterial community richness, and Shannon diversity index.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Robinson A, Fiechtner L, Roche B .
Association of maternal gestational weight gain with the infant fecal microbiota.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2017 Nov;65(5):509-15. doi: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000001566.
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Keywords: Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Obesity: Weight Management
Varban OA, Cassidy RB, Bonham A
Factors associated with achieving a body mass index of less than 30 after bariatric surgery.
This study identified predictors for achieving a BMI of less than 30 after bariatric surgery. Patients who had a sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, or duodenal switch were more likely to achieve a BMI of less than 30 compared with those who underwent adjustable gastric banding. Only 8.5 percent of patients with a BMI greater than 50 achieved a BMI of less than 30 after bariatric surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS023621.
Citation: Varban OA, Cassidy RB, Bonham A .
Factors associated with achieving a body mass index of less than 30 after bariatric surgery.
JAMA Surg 2017 Nov;152(11):1058-64. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.2348.
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Keywords: Health Status, Obesity, Outcomes, Obesity: Weight Management
Halbert CH, Jefferson M, Melvin CL
Provider advice about weight loss in a primary care sample of obese and overweight patients.
In this study the investigators examined receipt of provider advice to lose weight among primary care patients who were overweight and obese. The investigators found that patient beliefs about their weight status and perceptions about shared decision-making are important to receiving provider advice about weight loss/management among primary care patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023047.
Citation: Halbert CH, Jefferson M, Melvin CL .
Provider advice about weight loss in a primary care sample of obese and overweight patients.
J Prim Care Community Health 2017 Oct;8(4):239-46. doi: 10.1177/2150131917715336..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Practice Patterns, Primary Care
Pellegrini CA, Song J, Semanik PA
Patients less likely to lose weight following a knee replacement: results from the osteoarthritis initiative.
The purpose of this study was to examine weight change patterns preoperatively and postoperatively among overweight/obese knee replacement patients. Overweight and obese patients initially lost weight during the interval including knee replacement; however, they were less likely to lose more than 2.5% of their weight in the 1 to 2 years immediately after the surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Pellegrini CA, Song J, Semanik PA .
Patients less likely to lose weight following a knee replacement: results from the osteoarthritis initiative.
J Clin Rheumatol 2017 Oct;23(7):355-60. doi: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000579..
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Arthritis, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Pellegrini CA, Ledford G, Hoffman SA
Preferences and motivation for weight loss among knee replacement patients: implications for a patient-centered weight loss intervention.
The purpose of this study was to identify knee replacement patient preferences for weight loss programs and qualitatively understand previous motives for weight loss attempts as well as strategies used to facilitate behavior changes. It provides a preliminary examination into the motives for weight loss, strategies utilized during past weight loss attempts, and preferences for future weight loss programs as described by knee replacement patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Pellegrini CA, Ledford G, Hoffman SA .
Preferences and motivation for weight loss among knee replacement patients: implications for a patient-centered weight loss intervention.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017 Aug 1;18(1):327. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1687-x.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Surgery, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
This study reviews evidence of behavioral lifestyle interventions for weight loss in this population. Evidence for the effectiveness of behavioral interventions versus pharmacological or surgical treatment was limited. Comprehensive and intensive behavioral interventions can result in clinically significant, albeit modest, weight loss in this obese subpopulation but may not result in significant improvements in other cardiometabolic risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG .
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
Prev Med 2017 Jul;100:180-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.022.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Bossick AS, Barone C, Alexander GL
Teen, parent, and clinician expectations about obesity and related conditions during the annual well-child visit.
This study examined family (patient and parent/guardian) and clinician preferences for identification and management of obesity and obesity-related conditions during the well-child visit. Teens and parents expect weight to be discussed at well-child visits, and prefer discussions to come from a trusted clinician who uses serious, consistent language. Providers recognize several challenges and barriers to discussing weight management in the well-child visit.
AHRQ-funded; HS022417.
Citation: Bossick AS, Barone C, Alexander GL .
Teen, parent, and clinician expectations about obesity and related conditions during the annual well-child visit.
J Patient Cent Res Rev 2017 Summer;4(3):114-24. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1444.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention designed to facilitate partner support for lifestyle change among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness. After 12 weeks, approximately two-thirds of participants were below their baseline weight at follow-up, including 27 percent who achieved clinically significant weight loss.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
Community Ment Health J 2017 May;53(4):394-404. doi: 10.1007/s10597-017-0100-4.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C
AHRQ Author: Biener A
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
The purpose of this editorial is to provide new information on the medical care costs of obesity that help motivate various weight loss interventions. The editorial is a part of a special issue with articles examining behavioral, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions for weight loss, based on a 2016 conference on state-of-the-art weight management hosted by the Veterans Health Administration.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C .
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Apr;32(Suppl 1):6-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3968-8.
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Keywords: Obesity, Healthcare Costs, Obesity: Weight Management, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Turer CB, Barlow SE, Montano S
Discrepancies in communication versus documentation of weight-management benchmarks: analysis of recorded visits with Latino children and associated health-record documentation.
To examine gaps in communication versus documentation of weight-management clinical practices, communication was recorded during primary care visits with 6- to 12-year-old overweight/obese Latino children. The researchers found that benchmarks were neither communicated nor documented in up to 42 percent of visits, and communicated but not documented or documented but not communicated in up to 20 percent of visits.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Turer CB, Barlow SE, Montano S .
Discrepancies in communication versus documentation of weight-management benchmarks: analysis of recorded visits with Latino children and associated health-record documentation.
Glob Pediatr Health 2017 Feb 6;4:2333794x16685190. doi: 10.1177/2333794x16685190.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Communication, Obesity, Primary Care, Obesity: Weight Management