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Topics
- Behavioral Health (2)
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- (-) Sex Factors (16)
- Stroke (2)
- Substance Abuse (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 16 of 16 Research Studies DisplayedSequeria GM, Guler J, Reyes V
Adolescent and caregiver perspectives on receiving gender-affirming care in primary care.
The purpose of this study was to examine Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents' and caregivers' experiences and perspectives about gender-affirming care delivery in pediatric primary care. Semi-structured, individual, virtual interviews were administered to TGD adolescents aged 14 to 17 and caregivers of TGD adolescents currently receiving gender-affirming medical care. A total of 15 adolescents and 18 caregivers (33 total participants) completed interviews. Adolescent participants primarily identified as transmasculine or trans male (73%), and caregiver participants were primarily mothers (83.3%). The study identified four themes, which included 1) barriers, such as microaggressions and poor psychosocial support, 2) benefits, such as existing trusted relationships with primary care providers (PCPs) and convenience, 3) improvement strategies, such as training and interdisciplinary collaboration, and 4) opportunities for integrating primary care and specialty gender-affirming care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393.
Citation: Sequeria GM, Guler J, Reyes V .
Adolescent and caregiver perspectives on receiving gender-affirming care in primary care.
Pediatrics 2023 Oct 1; 152(4). doi: 10.1542/peds.2023-062210..
Keywords: Sex Factors, Children/Adolescents, Primary Care
Levander XA, Carmody T, Cook RR
A gender-based secondary analysis of the ADAPT-2 combination naltrexone and bupropion treatment for methamphetamine use disorder trial.
This study’s objective was to determine if there were gender-based differences in treatment for methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) in general comparing treatment with placebo and due to use of a hormonal method of contraception (HMC). This research was a secondary analysis of ADAPT-2, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, two-stage sequential parallel comparison design trial. This cohort study comprised 126 women (403 total participants); average age of 40.1 years with moderate to severe MUD. At baseline, women used methamphetamine intravenously fewer days than men [15.4 versus 23.1% days] and more women than men had anxiety (59.5 versus 47.6%). Of the 113 women capable of becoming pregnant, 31 used HMC. Treatment response for women was 29% in Stage 1 and 5.6% in Stage 2 compared with 3.2% and 0% on placebo, respectively. A treatment effect was found independently for females and males; with no between-gender treatment effect (0.144 females versus 0.100 males). Treatment effect did not differ by HMC use (0.156 HMC versus 0.128 none).
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Levander XA, Carmody T, Cook RR .
A gender-based secondary analysis of the ADAPT-2 combination naltrexone and bupropion treatment for methamphetamine use disorder trial.
Addiction 2023 Jul; 118(7):1320-28. doi: 10.1111/add.16163..
Keywords: Substance Abuse, Medication, Behavioral Health, Sex Factors
Goodsmith N, Cohen AN, Pedersen ER
Predictors of functioning and recovery among men and women veterans with schizophrenia.
This study examined predictors of functioning and recovery among men and women veterans with schizophrenia in treatment at Veterans Affairs medical centers using participant surveys at baseline and one year later. The cohort included 734 men and 67 women at baseline and 604 men and 58 women one year later. They were surveyed on quality of life and functioning. Men and women did not differ significantly in baseline social support, psychiatric symptoms, or recovery. Being female predicted higher occupational functioning, while social functioning in men was inversely related to baseline symptom severity. Marriage predicted higher quality of life for women, but not for men.
AHRQ-funded; HS026407.
Citation: Goodsmith N, Cohen AN, Pedersen ER .
Predictors of functioning and recovery among men and women veterans with schizophrenia.
Community Ment Health J 2023 Jan; 59(1):110-21. doi: 10.1007/s10597-022-00979-x..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Sex Factors
Acker WW, Plasek JM, Blumenthal KG
Prevalence of food allergies and intolerances documented in electronic health records.
The researchers sought to determine the prevalence of food allergy and intolerance documented in the EHR allergy module. Among 2.7 million patients, they identified 97,482 patients (3.6 percent) with 1 or more food allergies or intolerances. The prevalence of food allergy and intolerance was higher in females (4.2 percent vs 2.9 percent) and Asians (4.3 percent vs 3.6 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS022728.
Citation: Acker WW, Plasek JM, Blumenthal KG .
Prevalence of food allergies and intolerances documented in electronic health records.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017 Dec;140(6):1587-91.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.006.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Patient Safety, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors
Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
This retrospective cohort study used 2006-2012 data from the State Inpatient Database of eight geographically-diverse US states (Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, New York, Utah, and Washington) to examine 30-day readmissions in patients hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In their analysis of all-payer population-based data, the authors found sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission in patients hospitalized for COPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K .
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
Respir Med 2017 Oct;131:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.056..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospital Readmissions, Sex Factors
Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a VIRGO study analysis.
This study sought to compare young women and men at the time of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on six domains of demographic and clinical factors in order to determine whether they have distinct profiles. The authors concluded that young women with AMI represent a distinct, higher-risk population that is different from young men.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a VIRGO study analysis.
Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017 Oct;6(7):610-22. doi: 10.1177/2048872616661847..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Sex Factors
Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
The researchers sought to explore sex and race differences in the utilization of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at primary stroke centers (PSCs) compared to non-PSCs across the US. They found that women are less likely to receive rt-PA than men at both PSCs and non-PSCs. Absolute treatment rates are lowest in black women.
AHRQ-funded; HS17960; HS018362; HS013852.
Citation: Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE .
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
Front Neurol 2017 Sep 27;8:500. Original Research. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00500.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Stroke
Albright KC, Howard VJ, Howard G
Age and sex disparities in discharge statin prescribing in the stroke belt: evidence from the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study.
This study analyzed discharge medications for participants hospitalized for an ischemic stroke during follow-up of the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study. It found that statin discharge prescribing may differ among Stroke Belt and non-Stroke Belt residents, particularly in older Americans and men.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Albright KC, Howard VJ, Howard G .
Age and sex disparities in discharge statin prescribing in the stroke belt: evidence from the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study.
J Am Heart Assoc 2017 Aug 2;6(8). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.005523.
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Keywords: Disparities, Medication, Stroke, Elderly, Sex Factors
Bersamira CS, Lin YA, Park K
Drug use among Asian Americans: Differentiating use by acculturation status and gender.
This study examined past-year drug use among Asian Americans with respect to ethnic subgroup, acculturation, and gender differences. Survey data were collected during the National Latino and Asian American Survey, a national epidemiological household survey of behavioral health prevalence and service utilization rates. The investigators indicate that findings suggest the need to better understand the heterogeneous character of Asian American drug use when considering the provision of culturally competent and linguistically appropriate prevention and treatment services.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Bersamira CS, Lin YA, Park K .
Drug use among Asian Americans: Differentiating use by acculturation status and gender.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2017 Aug;79:76-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2017.06.002..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Substance Abuse
Vouri SM, Olsen MA, Theodoro D
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.
The prevalence of conditions associated with urinary catheterization (UC) visits in men and women were identified. The rate of UC in treated-and-released ED visits was higher in men than women, and UC rate increased with age. The heterogeneity of conditions coded in UC visits in women compared with men may suggest more potentially avoidable UC in women in the treated-and-released ED population.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Vouri SM, Olsen MA, Theodoro D .
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.
Am J Infect Control 2017 Aug;45(8):905-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.02.025.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Sex Factors
Pietrowicz M, Hasegawa-Johnson M, Karahalios KG
Acoustic correlates for perceived effort levels in male and female acted voices.
To begin to study selected elements of vocal expression in acted speech, the investigators curated corpora from male actors' Hamlet and female actresses' Lady Macbeth soliloquy performances. Perception-grounded male and female acoustic feature sets which tracked the actors' expressive effort levels through the continuum of whispered, breathy, modal, and resonant speech were presented and validated via multiple models.
AHRQ-funded; HS022948.
Citation: Pietrowicz M, Hasegawa-Johnson M, Karahalios KG .
Acoustic correlates for perceived effort levels in male and female acted voices.
J Acoust Soc Am 2017 Aug;142(2):792. doi: 10.1121/1.4997189..
Keywords: Sex Factors
Stepanikova I, Oates GR, Bateman LB
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.
This study investigated the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with markers of systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender. Compared to White men, Black women have higher BMI and higher levels of all four inflammation markers; White women have lower BMI, lower WC, and lower E-selectin and fibrinogen but higher C-reactive protein, and Black men have higher fibrinogen.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Oates GR, Bateman LB .
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.
Ethn Health 2017 Apr;22(2):169-83. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1235681.
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Keywords: Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Sex Factors
Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
This study assessed the sex-specific, comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (rivaroxaban and dabigatran), compared to each other and to warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation. It concluded that the reduced risk of ischemic stroke in patients taking rivaroxaban, compared with dabigatran and warfarin, seems to be limited to men, whereas the higher risk of bleeding seems to be limited to women.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S .
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Apr;10(4). doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003418.
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Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Musey PI, Jr., Kline JA
Do gender and race make a difference in acute coronary syndrome pretest probabilities in the emergency department?
The objective was to test for significant differences in subjective and objective pretest probabilities for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in chest pain patients. Despite consistently estimating the risk for ACS to be lower for both females and minorities concordantly with calculated objective pretest assessments, there does not appear to have been any significant decrease in subsequent evaluation of these perceived lower-risk groups when radiation exposure and costs are taken into account.
AHRQ-funded; HS018519.
Citation: Musey PI, Jr., Kline JA .
Do gender and race make a difference in acute coronary syndrome pretest probabilities in the emergency department?
Acad Emerg Med 2017 Feb;24(2):142-51. doi: 10.1111/acem.13131.
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Keywords: Sex Factors, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cardiovascular Conditions, Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in inflammatory markers and health status among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) Study.
This study assessed sex differences in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inflammatory markers and whether such differences account for sex differences in 12-month health status, using data from 2219 adults with AMI, 18 to 55 years of age, in the United States. Overall, women had higher levels of inflammatory markers after AMI compared with men, and this remained statistically significant after multivariable adjustment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in inflammatory markers and health status among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) Study.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Feb;10(2):e003470. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003470.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Health Status, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Sex Factors
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO study.
This study characterized sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Young women with AMI had slightly favorable lipid and lipoprotein profiles compared with men, suggesting that difference in lipid and lipoprotein may not be a major contributor to sex differences in outcomes after AMI.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO study.
Am Heart J 2017 Jan;183:74-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.012.
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Keywords: Sex Factors, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Utilization, Women, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research