National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
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- Adverse Events (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedWilliams CN, Eriksson CO, Kirby A
Hospital mortality and functional outcomes in pediatric neurocritical care.
Pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) outcomes research is scarce. In this study, the investigators aimed to expand knowledge about outcomes in PNCC by evaluating death and changes in Functional Status Scale (FSS) from baseline among PNCC diagnoses. The investigators concluded that PNCC patients had high rates of death and new disability at discharge, varying significantly between PNCC diagnoses. Multiple domains of disability were affected, underscoring the ongoing multidisciplinary health care needs of survivors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Williams CN, Eriksson CO, Kirby A .
Hospital mortality and functional outcomes in pediatric neurocritical care.
Hosp Pediatr 2019 Dec;9(12):958-66. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2019-0173..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Newborns/Infants, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care, Neurological Disorders, Mortality, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Hussain FS, Sosa T, Ambroggio L
Emergency transfers: an important predictor of adverse outcomes in hospitalized children.
This case-control study aimed to determine the predictive validity of an emergency transfer (ET) for outcomes in a free-standing children's hospital. Controls were matched in terms of age, hospital unit, and time of year. Patients who experienced an ET had a significantly higher likelihood of in-hospital mortality (22% vs 9%), longer ICU length of stay (4.9 vs 2.2 days), and longer posttransfer length of stay (26.4 vs 14.7 days) compared with controls (P < .03 for each).
AHRQ-funded; HS023827.
Citation: Hussain FS, Sosa T, Ambroggio L .
Emergency transfers: an important predictor of adverse outcomes in hospitalized children.
J Hosp Med 2019 Aug;14(8):482-85. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3219..
Keywords: Transitions of Care, Children/Adolescents, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Adverse Events, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Inpatient Care, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Healthcare Delivery
Hinson JS, Martinez DA, Cabral S
Triage performance in emergency medicine: a systematic review.
The authors synthesized existing emergency department (ED) triage literature by using a framework that enables performance comparisons and benchmarking across triage systems, with respect to clinical outcomes and reliability. They found that a substantial proportion of ED patients who die post-encounter or who are critically ill are not designated as high acuity at triage. They suggested that the opportunity exists to improve interrater reliability and triage performance in identifying patients at risk of adverse outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS023641.
Citation: Hinson JS, Martinez DA, Cabral S .
Triage performance in emergency medicine: a systematic review.
Ann Emerg Med 2019 Jul;74(1):140-52. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.09.022..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Shared Decision Making, Critical Care, Outcomes, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Law AC, Stevens JP, Walkey AJ
Gastrostomy tube use in the critically ill, 1994-2014.
This study used AHRQ’s Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s (HCUP’s) National Inpatient Sample to evaluate trends in gastrostomy tube use among critically ill adults from 1994 to 2014. Patients with dementia were excluded from the study. It was found that tube use more than doubled during that time period. Most patients were discharged to long-term care facilities after tube placement. Population-based rates went from 11.9 to 28.8 gastrostomies per 100,000 adults which is an increase of 142%.
AHRQ-funded; HS024288.
Citation: Law AC, Stevens JP, Walkey AJ .
Gastrostomy tube use in the critically ill, 1994-2014.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2019 Jun;16(6):724-30. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201809-638OC..
Keywords: Critical Care, Digestive Disease and Health, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Pepper DJ, Sun J, Rhee C
Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic discontinuation and mortality in critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis on survival outcomes of using procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antibiotic discontinuation on critically ill adults. The study quality was assessing with the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and GRADEpro was used to grade evidence. PCT-guided discontinuation was associated with decreased mortality, but there was a high risk of bias in many of the studies reviewed with a low certainty of evidence. The authors suggest properly designed studies with mortality as the primary outcome is needed to further answer this question.
AHRQ-funded; HS025008.
Citation: Pepper DJ, Sun J, Rhee C .
Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic discontinuation and mortality in critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chest 2019 Jun;155(6):1109-18. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.12.029..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Critical Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication, Mortality, Outcomes, Sepsis
Sanders R, Edwards L, Nishisaki A
Tracheal intubations for critically Ill children outside specialized centers in the United Kingdom-patient, provider, practice factors, and adverse events.
This editorial discusses a research study on outcomes of performing pediatric trachael intubations (TIs) and how the results can be applied to performing intubations on critically ill children in the United Kingdom outside of specialized centers. One of the authors is from a U.S. site that submits its airway management data to the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS). The results from the registry were compared to the results from the study. A total of 1,051 patients out of 1,237 eligible patients were analyzed. The results came from 47 nonspecialized local hospitals in the North Thames and East Anglia region of the UK. Adverse TI-associated events (TIAEs) occurred in 22.7% of the patients, which is higher than those in PICUs and cardiac ICUs. The majority of intubations were performed by the anesthesiologist in the team. The results were similar to those in the NEAR4KIDS registry. There were more complications with children with a higher grade of airway difficulties and comorbidities. The authors believe that pediatric airway management for acutely ill children would benefit from new strategies. They recommend a system change using Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycles.
AHRQ-funded; HS021583; HS022464; HS024511.
Citation: Sanders R, Edwards L, Nishisaki A .
Tracheal intubations for critically Ill children outside specialized centers in the United Kingdom-patient, provider, practice factors, and adverse events.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2019 Jun;20(6):572-73. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001946..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Outcomes, Patient Safety, Registries, Respiratory Conditions