National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Anxiety (1)
- Behavioral Health (2)
- Blood Pressure (2)
- Cancer (7)
- Cancer: Cervical Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Ovarian Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Skin Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (13)
- Case Study (10)
- Children/Adolescents (5)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Communication (2)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (2)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (27)
- Eye Disease and Health (1)
- Falls (1)
- Guidelines (21)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- Infectious Diseases (3)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medication (3)
- Nutrition (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Policy (1)
- Pregnancy (2)
- Prevention (34)
- Primary Care (7)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Risk (4)
- Screening (17)
- Sexual Health (2)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- (-) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (41)
- Women (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 41 Research Studies DisplayedFeltnerl. C, Wallace IF, Aymes S
Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to examine the evidence on screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in asymptomatic adults or those with unrecognized OSA symptoms to inform the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. The researchers utilized data from PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, and trial registries through August 23, 2021 and surveillance data through September 23, 2022. The main outcomes were accuracy, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep-related and general health-related quality of life (QOL), and harms. Eighty-six studies were included (N = 11,051), researchers finding that no study directly compared screening with no screening. Five studies evaluating the accuracy of other screening tools provided inconsistent results. When compared with inactive control, positive airway pressure was associated with a significant improvement in ESS score from baseline, sleep-related QOL, and general health-related QOL measured by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) mental health component summary score change, and SF-36 physical health component summary score change. When compared with controls, utilization of mandibular advancement devices was also related with a significantly larger ESS score change. Reporting of other health outcomes was scarce; no trial included in the study found significant benefit related with treatment on mortality, cardiovascular events, or motor vehicle crashes. In 3 systematic reviews, positive airway pressure was significantly associated with reduced blood pressure; but the difference was relatively small. The researchers concluded that the accuracy and clinical usefulness of OSA screening tools was unclear.
Citation: Feltnerl. C, Wallace IF, Aymes S .
Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Nov 15;328(19):1951-71. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.18357..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sleep Problems, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Gartlehner G, Patel SV, Reddy S
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation is an updated evidence report and systematic review on the use of hormone therapy in postmenopausal persons for the primary prevention of chronic conditions. The reviewers included 20 trials (N = 39,145) and 3 cohort studies (N = 1,155,410) from a dual review of abstracts, full-text articles, and study quality. Harms and benefits were compared for participants using estrogen only compared with estrogen plus progestin. Participants using estrogen only compared with placebo had significantly lower risks for diabetes and fractures, but increased for gallbladder disease over 7.1 years, stroke over 7.2 years, venous thromboembolism over 7.2 years and urinary incontinence over 1 year. For participants using estrogen plus progestin some benefits were found, but there was also an increased risk of harms significantly for invasive breast cancer, gallbladder disease, venous thromboembolism, probable dementia, and urinary incontinence.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00007.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Patel SV, Reddy S .
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Nov 1;328(17):1747-65. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.18324..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Chronic Conditions, Women
Tracer H, Justus M
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Vitamin, mineral, and multivitamin supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer.
This Putting Prevention into Practice case study is used to increase understanding of the USPSTF final recommendation on vitamin, mineral, and multivitamin supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer. A case study was presented using a 53-year-old-patient with no significant history presenting for a wellness visit. The patient’s 10-year cardiovascular risk and BMI are described. Three multiple-choice questions are presented regarding harms and benefits, and recommendations not to use supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, Justus M .
Vitamin, mineral, and multivitamin supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Nov;106(5):565-66..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Cancer, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Viswanathan M, Wallace IF, Cook Middleton J
Screening for depression and suicide risk in children and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The authors sought to review the evidence on screening for depression or suicide risk in children and adolescents to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. They found indirect evidence that suggested some screening instruments were reasonably accurate for detecting depression. Further, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy were associated with some benefits and no statistically significant harms for depression, but the evidence was limited for suicide risk screening instruments and interventions.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Viswanathan M, Wallace IF, Cook Middleton J .
Screening for depression and suicide risk in children and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Oct 18;328(15):1543-56. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.16310..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Depression, Behavioral Health, Screening, Primary Care, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Viswanathan M, Wallace IF, Cook Middleton J
Screening for anxiety in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this paper was to review the evidence on screening for anxiety in children and adolescents to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. Indirect evidence of findings suggested that some screening instruments were reasonably accurate. Cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy were associated with benefits; no statistically significant association with harms was reported.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I, 75Q80120D00007.
Citation: Viswanathan M, Wallace IF, Cook Middleton J .
Screening for anxiety in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Oct 11;328(14):1445-55. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.16303..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Anxiety, Behavioral Health, Primary Care, Screening, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Henninger ML, Bean SI, Lin JS
Screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the available published evidence on the potential benefits and harms of screening for syphilis infection in non-pregnant, asymptomatic adults and adolescents at increased risk for syphilis infection, for the purpose of supporting the 2022 United States Prevention Services Task Force recommendations statement on screening for syphilis infection.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00004.
Citation: Henninger ML, Bean SI, Lin JS .
Screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Sep 27;328(12):1250-52. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.8612..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Prevention, Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Evidence-Based Practice
Jonas DE, Vander Schaaf EB, Riley S
Screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to explore the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening children and adolescents for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). The researchers utilized references; experts; literature surveillance, and PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and trial registries. The final review included 8 publications with 856 participants with a mean age of 14 years. The researchers found that none of the eligible studies directly assessed the benefits or harms of preventive screening. The limited eligible clinical trials reported few health outcomes and found no difference between groups.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Jonas DE, Vander Schaaf EB, Riley S .
Screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Sep 13;328(10):968-79. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.7957..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Chou R, Cantor A, Dana T
Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to update the 2016 review on statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). The researchers utilized the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (to November 2021), Ovid, and MEDLINE, and selected 26 randomized clinical trials on statins vs placebo or no statin and statin intensity in adults without prior cardiovascular events. The researchers found that statins were significantly associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality absolute risk difference [ARD], stroke, myocardial infarction, and composite cardiovascular outcomes. The association with cardiovascular mortality was determined not to be statistically significant. Statin therapy was not significantly associated with increased risk of serious adverse events, myalgias, or elevated alanine aminotransferase level. Statin therapy was not significantly associated with increased diabetes risk overall, although 1 trial found high-intensity statin therapy was significantly associated with increased risk. The researchers concluded that statin therapy for primary prevention of CVD was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality and CVD events for adults with increased of risk of CVD, but without prior CVD events.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Chou R, Cantor A, Dana T .
Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Aug 23;328(8):754-71. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.12138..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
This paper’s objective was to synthesize the evidence on benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity in adults without known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to inform a USPSTF recommendation. Findings showed that healthy diet and physical activity behavioral counseling interventions for persons without a known risk of CVD were associated with small but statistically significant benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes and small to moderate effects on dietary and physical activity behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
JAMA 2022 Jul 26;328(4):375-88. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.7408..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Lifestyle Changes, Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Prevention, Nutrition
Peaker B, Biondokin E
AHRQ Author: Peaker B
Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
In this Putting Prevention into Practice case study, a 20-year-old woman presents for a wellness examination. She states that she has no health concerns, does not have a history of any sexually transmitted infections, and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or drugs. Last year, she began taking oral contraceptives and reports regular monthly menses. Three multiple-choice questions are presented, followed by their answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Peaker B, Biondokin E .
Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Jul;106(1):81-82..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Guidelines, Screening, Prevention, Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Case Study
O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Ivlev I
Vitamin and mineral supplements for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This evidence report and systematic review updated the 2013 USPSTF final recommendation to assess benefits and harms of using vitamin and mineral supplements for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. After an extensive literature review, 84 studies were included. While multivitamin use was significantly associated with a lower incidence of any cancer and lung cancer, the evidence had serious limitations. Beta carotene was significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer and cardiovascular mortality. Vitamins D and E were not significantly associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease events, or cancer incidence. Evidence for the benefit of other supplements was equivocal, minimal, or absent. There was limited evidence that suggested some supplements may be associated with higher risk of serious harms (hip fracture [vitamin A], hemorrhagic stroke [vitamin E], and kidney stones [vitamin C, calcium]).
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Ivlev I .
Vitamin and mineral supplements for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Jun 21;327(23):2334-47. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.15650..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Prevention, Cardiovascular Conditions, Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Tracer H, VanHouten JP
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Screening for atrial fibrillation.
This purpose of this Putting Prevention Into Practice (PPIP) case study and quiz is to provide an overview of practice recommendations regarding atrial fibrillation screening. It is based on the recommendations of the United States Preventive Services Task Force, with Howard Tracer, MD, Medical Officer, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Program, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, as lead author.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, VanHouten JP .
Screening for atrial fibrillation.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Jun;105(6):659-60..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Screening, Prevention, Case Study
Chou R, Selph S, Blazina I
Screening for glaucoma in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This evidence report and systematic review updated the 2013 USPSTF final recommendation to assess benefits and harms of screening for primary open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in adults. After an extensive literature review, 83 studies were included (30 trials and 53 diagnostic accuracy studies). One randomized clinical trial (RCT) found screening of frail elderly persons associated with no difference in vision outcomes vs no screening but with significantly greater falls risk. There was limited direct evidence on glaucoma screening, with no association of benefits.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Chou R, Selph S, Blazina I .
Screening for glaucoma in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 May 24;327(20):1998-2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.6290..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Eye Disease and Health, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Guirguis-Blake JM, Evans CV, Perdue LA
Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This evidence summary reviewed the benefits and harms of aspirin in primary cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention to accompany the final recommendation and evidence review of the US Preventive Services Task Force. A literature review was conducted of English-language randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of low-dose aspirin compared with placebo or no intervention in primary prevention populations. Aspirin was found not to be significantly associated with reductions in CVD mortality or all-cause mortality. There was limited trial evidence on benefits for CRC, with the findings highly variable by length of follow-up and statistically significant only when considering long-term observational follow-up beyond randomized trial periods. Low-dose aspirin was associated with significant increases in total major bleeding and in site-specific bleeding.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Guirguis-Blake JM, Evans CV, Perdue LA .
Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Apr 26;327(16):1585-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.3337..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Dehmer SP, O'Keefe LR, Evans CV
Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: updated modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of the study was to develop, model, and report estimates of the harms from and benefits of the use of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC.) The researchers developed and used a simulation model to provide estimates for hypothetical United States cohorts of men and women between the ages of forty and seventy-nine years without a previous history of elevated bleeding risks or CVD, and up to a 20% 10-year risk for a CVD event. The model focused on the routine, lifetime use of low-dose aspirin with 5-year intervals of no use between 65 and 85 years of age. The study’s primary outcome was lifetime net benefit which was measured in life-years and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs.) Harms included an increase in nonfatal intracranial hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleeding, and benefits included a reduction in nonfatal ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. The study found that the estimated lifetime net quality-adjusted life-years was positive for men and women with 5% or more 10-year CVD risk when they started use between the ages of 40-59 years, and for men and women with 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk when starting between the ages of 60 and 69 years. The estimated lifetime net life-years were mostly negative for those starting low-dose aspirin use between 60 and 79 years of age. Five-year intervals of stopping use between 65 and 85 years of age did not provide a significant advantage to lifetime use. The researchers concluded that the routine, lifetime use of low-dose aspirin may benefit several population groups, with the largest estimated benefit in those with greater 10-year CVD risk who begin routine, low-dose aspirin dosage at younger ages.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Dehmer SP, O'Keefe LR, Evans CV .
Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: updated modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Apr 26;327(16):1598-607. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.3385..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Prevention, Cardiovascular Conditions, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Mabry-Hernandez IR, Legg M
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez IR
Behavioral counseling interventions for healthy weight and weight gain in pregnancy.
This AHRQ-authored Putting Prevention Into Practice (PPIP) article is a quiz on the Behavioral Counseling Interventions for Healthy Weight and Weight Gain in Pregnancy U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation. Three questions are included with the answers and references at the end of the quiz. The questions are 1) Under what circumstances should physicians offer behavioral interventions; 2) What is the recommended gestational weight gain for the case study patient; and 3) Which of the 3 approaches to promote healthy weight gain during pregnancy are correct for the patient?
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez IR, Legg M .
Behavioral counseling interventions for healthy weight and weight gain in pregnancy.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Feb;105(2):187-88..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Pregnancy, Prevention, Women, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Thomas TW, Golin CE, Kinlaw AC
Did the 2015 USPSTF abnormal blood glucose recommendations change clinician attitudes or behaviors? A mixed-method assessment.
In 2015, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) revised clinical recommendations to more broadly recommend abnormal blood glucose screening and more clearly recommend referral to behavioral interventions for adults with prediabetes. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the 2015 USPSTF recommendation changes on abnormal blood glucose screening and referral to behavioral interventions, and to examine physicians' perceptions of the revised recommendation.
AHRQ-funded; HS025561; HS000032.
Citation: Thomas TW, Golin CE, Kinlaw AC .
Did the 2015 USPSTF abnormal blood glucose recommendations change clinician attitudes or behaviors? A mixed-method assessment.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jan;37(1):15-22. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06749-x..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Diabetes, Screening, Guidelines, Prevention
Mills J, Duffy M
AHRQ Author: Mills J
Screening for peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular disease risk assessment with the Ankle-Brachial Index.
This paper is part of the “Putting Prevention into Practice” series. It provides case study questions and answers related to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for screening for peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular risk assessment with the Ankle-Brachial Index.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mills J, Duffy M .
Screening for peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular disease risk assessment with the Ankle-Brachial Index.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Dec 15;98(12):754-55..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Case Study, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Tracer H, Jadotte YT
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Screening for cardiovascular disease risk with electrocardiography.
This paper presents a case study, along with questions and answers, related to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for screening for cardiovascular disease risk with electrocardiography.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, Jadotte YT .
Screening for cardiovascular disease risk with electrocardiography.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Sep 15;98(6):375-76..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Screening, Risk, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Case Study
Kim JJ, Burger EA, Regan C
Screening for cervical cancer in primary care: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force by modeling the benefits and harms of various cervical cancer screening strategies. In this microsimulation modeling study, it was estimated that primary hrHPV screening may represent a reasonable balance of harms and benefits when performed every 5 years. Switching from cytology to hrHPV testing at age 30 years yielded the most efficient harm to benefit ratio when using colposcopy as a proxy for harms.
AHRQ-funded; 290-2012-00015-I.
Citation: Kim JJ, Burger EA, Regan C .
Screening for cervical cancer in primary care: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Aug 21;320(7):706-14. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.19872..
Keywords: Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Shared Decision Making, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Melnikow J, Henderson JT, Burda BU J, Henderson JT, Burda BU
Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Cervical cancer can be prevented with detection and treatment of precancerous cell changes caused primarily by high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hrHPV), the causative agents in more than 90% of cervical cancers. The objective of this study was to systematically review benefits and harms of cervical cancer screening for hrHPV to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Melnikow J, Henderson JT, Burda BU J, Henderson JT, Burda BU .
Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Aug 21;320(7):687-705. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.10400..
Keywords: Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice, Infectious Diseases, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Fan T, Erickson EA
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Interventions to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults.
This case study addresses the U.S. Preventive Health Service Task Force recommendations and offers a scenario, questions, and answers related to interventions to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Erickson EA .
Interventions to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Aug 15;98(4):253-55..
Keywords: Case Study, Elderly, Falls, Injuries and Wounds, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Jonas DE, Kahwati LC, Yun JDY
Screening for atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The objective of this study was to review the evidence on screening for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography (ECG) and stroke prevention treatment in asymptomatic adults 65 years or older to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. The authors concluded that although screening with ECG can detect previously unknown cases of atrial fibrillation, it has not been shown to detect more cases than screening focused on pulse palpation.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Jonas DE, Kahwati LC, Yun JDY .
Screening for atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Aug 7;320(5):485-98. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.4190..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention
Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS
Estimated impact of US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on use and cost of statins for cardiovascular disease prevention.
The purpose of the study was to assess the US population meeting criteria for statin use and factors associated with use, and calculate associated costs. The study concluded that new USPSTF recommendations may result in decreased out-of-pocket costs and expanded access to statins. Previous research has shown that eliminating copayments increased adherence and decreased rates of ASCVD events without increasing overall healthcare costs.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS .
Estimated impact of US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on use and cost of statins for cardiovascular disease prevention.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Aug;33(8):1317-23. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4497-4..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Lin JS, Evans CV, Johnson E
Nontraditional risk factors in cardiovascular disease risk assessment: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to systematically review evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force on the benefits and harms of 3 nontraditional risk factors in cardiovascular risk assessment: the ankle-brachial index (ABI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Lin JS, Evans CV, Johnson E .
Nontraditional risk factors in cardiovascular disease risk assessment: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Jul 17;320(3):281-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.4242..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)