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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedLeifheit KM, Schwartz GL, Pollack CE
Severe housing insecurity during pregnancy: association with adverse birth and infant outcomes.
This study measured the association of severe housing insecurity with adverse birth and infant outcomes. Data was analyzed from 3248 mother-infant dyads enrolled in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. This prospective cohort study represented births in 20 large U.S. cities from 1998 to 2000. Severe housing insecurity was defined as threatened eviction or homelessness. Adverse outcomes included low birth weight and/or preterm birth, admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or stepdown facility, extended hospitalization after delivery, and infant health and temperament. There were statistically significant associations found between severe housing insecurity during pregnancy and low birth weight and/or preterm births. Housing insecurity and infant fair or poor health and poor temperament were not found to have statistically significant associations. Population attributable fraction (PAF) estimates suggested that up to 3% of adverse birth and infant outcomes could be avoided by eliminating severe housing insecurity among low-income, pregnant women.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Leifheit KM, Schwartz GL, Pollack CE .
Severe housing insecurity during pregnancy: association with adverse birth and infant outcomes.
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Nov 21;17(22):8659. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228659..
Keywords: Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, Vulnerable Populations, Outcomes, Adverse Events, Women, Low-Income, Newborns/Infants
Montoya-Williams D, Passarella M, Lorch SA
The impact of paid family leave in the United States on birth outcomes and mortality in the first year of life.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of paid family leave in California on statewide rates of preterm birth, low birthweight, post-neonatal mortality, and overall infant mortality. Probabilistic methods were used to match records of live birth with maternal and newborn hospital records; only singleton births were included in the study. Rates of infant health outcomes before and after implementation of the 2004 policy in California were compared with rates in two states that had no paid family leave policy. Findings showed that implementation of paid family leave policies in California was associated with a 12-percent reduction in post-neonatal mortality after adjusting for maternal and neonatal factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS018661.
Citation: Montoya-Williams D, Passarella M, Lorch SA .
The impact of paid family leave in the United States on birth outcomes and mortality in the first year of life.
Health Serv Res 2020 Oct;55(Suppl 2):807-14. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13288..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy, Mortality, Policy, Outcomes, Labor and Delivery
Schafer R, Phillippi JC
Group B streptococcal bacteriuria in pregnancy: an evidence-based, patient-centered approach to care.
Screening and management of group B streptococcus (GBS) bacteriuria in pregnancy aims to reduce the incidence of pyelonephritis and GBS-related neonatal morbidity and mortality. This article used a case study approach to discuss evidence-based, patient-centered care for group B streptococcal bacteriuria in pregnancy as well as ethical incorporation of individual patient preferences and values.
AHRQ-funded; HS024733.
Citation: Schafer R, Phillippi JC .
Group B streptococcal bacteriuria in pregnancy: an evidence-based, patient-centered approach to care.
J Midwifery Womens Health 2020 May;65(3):376-81. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.13085..
Keywords: Infectious Diseases, Pregnancy, Women, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Evidence-Based Practice, Newborns/Infants, Sepsis, Case Study
Rosenbloom J, Lewkowitz A, Sondgeroth K
Antenatal corticosteroid administration in late-preterm gestations: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether administration of antenatal late-preterm betamethasone was cost-effective in the immediate neonatal period. Cost-effectiveness analysis of late-preterm betamethasone administration with a time horizon of 7.5 days was conducted using a health-system perspective The investigators concluded that administration of betamethasone in the late-preterm period was likely not cost-effective in the short-term.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Rosenbloom J, Lewkowitz A, Sondgeroth K .
Antenatal corticosteroid administration in late-preterm gestations: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Jun;33(12):2109-15. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1540582..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy, Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Utilization
Sherman JP, Hedli LC, Kristensen-Cabrera AI
Understanding the heterogeneity of labor and delivery units: using design thinking methodology to assess environmental factors that contribute to safety in childbirth.
There is limited research exploring the relationship between design and patient safety outcomes, especially in maternal and neonatal care. In this study, the investigators employed design thinking methodology to understand how the design of labor and delivery units impacted safety and identified spaces and systems where improvements are needed.
AHRQ-funded; HS023506.
Citation: Sherman JP, Hedli LC, Kristensen-Cabrera AI .
Understanding the heterogeneity of labor and delivery units: using design thinking methodology to assess environmental factors that contribute to safety in childbirth.
Am J Perinatol 2020 May;37(6):638-46. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1685494..
Keywords: Labor and Delivery, Pregnancy, Patient Safety, Maternal Care, Women, Newborns/Infants