National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (10)
- Disparities (1)
- (-) Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (10)
- Health Insurance (1)
- Hospitalization (4)
- Hospital Readmissions (3)
- (-) Hospitals (10)
- Inpatient Care (2)
- Medicaid (1)
- Medical Errors (1)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient Safety (2)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
- Surgery (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedParikh K, Hall M, Tieder JS
Disparities in racial, ethnic, and payer groups for pediatric safety events in US hospitals.
A retrospective cohort study using the 2019 Kids' Inpatient Database found disparities in pediatric safety events. Black and Hispanic children had significantly higher odds in 5 of 7 safety indicators compared to white children, especially in postoperative sepsis and respiratory failure. Medicaid-covered children also showed higher odds in 4 of 7 indicators compared to privately insured children, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to enhance hospital patient safety, particularly among minority and Medicaid-covered populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS028484.
Citation: Parikh K, Hall M, Tieder JS .
Disparities in racial, ethnic, and payer groups for pediatric safety events in US hospitals.
Pediatrics 2024 Mar; 153(3):e2023063714. doi: 10.1542/peds.2023-063714.
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Children/Adolescents, Patient Safety, Hospitals
Steiner MJ, Hall M, Sutton AG
Pediatric hospitalization trends at children's and general hospitals, 2000-2019.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether pediatric inpatient care has been redistributed from general hospitals into children’s hospitals (CHs). The researchers utilized the AHRQ Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) to identify inpatient nonbirth discharges for children younger than 18 years from 2000 to 2019. The study included 14.758,391 discharges and found that annual inpatient discharges decreased by 26.5% from 2000 to 2019, while the percentage of total national discharges from CHs increased significantly, from 58.9% in 2000 to 81.8% in 2019. Discharges from freestanding CHs increased from 19.3% to 34.2%, those at non-freestanding CHs increased from 39.6% to 47.6%, and percentage of discharges from non-CHs decreased from 41.1%. An increase in inter-facility transfer (IFT) accompanied the changes in the distribution of pediatric discharges. In 2000, 6.1% of total discharges were transferred from one facility to another before discharge; in 2019, 18.8% experienced an IFT. Of children experiencing an IFT in 2019, 88.0% were transferred to a CH.
AHRQ-funded; HS028683.
Citation: Steiner MJ, Hall M, Sutton AG .
Pediatric hospitalization trends at children's and general hospitals, 2000-2019.
JAMA 2023 Nov 21; 330(19):1906-08. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19268..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Hospitals
Bucholz EM,, Schuster MA, Toomey SL
Trends in 30-day readmission for Medicaid and privately insured pediatric patients: 2010-2017.
This study examined trends in 30-day readmission rates for Medicaid and privately insured pediatric patients from 2010 to 2017. The HCUP Nationwide Readmissions Database was used to compare hospital-level risk-adjusted readmission rates. Higher readmission rates were found for Medicaid beneficiaires compared to privately insured pediatric patients during the time period.
AHRQ-funded; HS020513; HS025299.
Citation: Bucholz EM,, Schuster MA, Toomey SL .
Trends in 30-day readmission for Medicaid and privately insured pediatric patients: 2010-2017.
Pediatrics 2020 Aug;146(2). doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-0270..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Hospital Readmissions, Health Insurance, Medicaid, Hospitals
Gigli KH, Davis BS, Yabes JG
Pediatric outcomes after regulatory mandates for sepsis care.
The authors used hospital discharge data from 2011 to 2015 to compare changes in pediatric sepsis outcomes in New York and four control states following New York’s 2013 regulations mandating that hospitals develop pediatric-specific protocols for sepsis recognition and treatment. They found that implementation of statewide sepsis regulations was generally associated with improved mortality trends in New York State, particularly in prespecified subpopulations of patients, suggesting that the regulations were successful in affecting sepsis outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025146.
Citation: Gigli KH, Davis BS, Yabes JG .
Pediatric outcomes after regulatory mandates for sepsis care.
Pediatrics 2020 Jul;146(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3353.
.
.
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Sepsis, Outcomes, Hospitals
Montalbano A, Quinonez RA, Hall M
Achievable benchmarks of care for pediatric readmissions.
This study’s objective was to calculate mean readmission rates and the Achievable Benchmarks of Care (ABCs) for pediatric diagnoses by different hospital types: metropolitan teaching, metropolitan nonteaching, and nonmetropolitan hospitals. The authors used a cross-sectional retrospective study of 30-day, all-cause same-hospital readmission of patients less than 18 years of age using the 2014 HCUP National Readmission Database. They calculated mean readmission and corresponding ABCs for the 17 most common readmission diagnosis. They found that sickle cell disease (SCD), bipolar and major depressive disorders were the most common reasons for readmission.
AHRQ-funded; HS024554.
Citation: Montalbano A, Quinonez RA, Hall M .
Achievable benchmarks of care for pediatric readmissions.
J Hosp Med 2019 Sep;14(9):534-40. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3201..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Hospital Readmissions, Hospitals, Quality of Care
Heslin KC, Owens PL, Simpson LA
AHRQ Author: Heslin KC Owens PL
Annual report on health care for children and youth in the united states: focus on 30-day unplanned inpatient readmissions, 2009 to 2014.
The authors describe trends in unplanned 30-day all-condition hospital readmissions for children aged 1 to 17 years between 2009 and 2014. Using HCUP data, they found that the rate of readmission was essentially stable between 2009 and 2014. In 2009, the most common reason for readmission was sickle cell anemia, whereas in 2014 the most common reason was epilepsy. Pneumonia fell from the second to the sixth most common reason for readmission over this period. The authors suggest that their study provides a baseline assessment for examining trends in 30-day unplanned pediatric readmissions, an important quality metric as the provisions of the Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act and the Affordable Care Act are changed and implemented in the future.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Heslin KC, Owens PL, Simpson LA .
Annual report on health care for children and youth in the united states: focus on 30-day unplanned inpatient readmissions, 2009 to 2014.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Nov - Dec;18(8):857-72. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2018.06.006..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Hospital Readmissions, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Sickle Cell Disease, Pneumonia, Neurological Disorders
Leyenaar JK, Shieh MS, Lagu T
Hospital and community characteristics associated with pediatric direct admission to hospital.
Researchers aimed to determine the relationships between hospital and community factors and pediatric direct admission rates, and to evaluate the degree to which these characteristics explain variation in risk-adjusted direct admission rates. Using HCUP data, they found that direct admission rates were associated with several hospital and community characteristics, but the majority of variation in hospitals' direct admission rates was not explained by these factors. They recommended that their findings suggest opportunities for diverse hospital types to develop the infrastructure and communication systems necessary to support pediatric direct admissions.
AHRQ-funded; HS024133.
Citation: Leyenaar JK, Shieh MS, Lagu T .
Hospital and community characteristics associated with pediatric direct admission to hospital.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Jul;18(5):525-34. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.10.002..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Hospitalization, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitals
Sun SA, Ma X, Li G
Epidemiologic patterns of in-hospital anaphylaxis in pediatric surgical patients.
This research letter looks into epidemiologic patterns of in-hospital anaphylaxis in pediatric surgical patients. Data from the study came from the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KIDS), which is released every 3 years. The data came from the 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012 KID data sets. Children were included if they had a surgical admission for anaphylaxis which is interpreted as an in-hospital event. Overall in-hospital mortality for all children was 0.38% but for in-hospital anaphylaxis was 2.47%. The most common reason children were in the hospital before the event was hematological and myeloproliferative disorders, with the largest percentage undergoing bone marrow transplant procedures. Although the exact cause of the reaction was not known, hypersensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and more recent mAb treatments have been identified as reasons for the in-hospital anaphylaxis.
AHRQ-funded; HS022941.
Citation: Sun SA, Ma X, Li G .
Epidemiologic patterns of in-hospital anaphylaxis in pediatric surgical patients.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018 May;141(5):1904-05.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.030..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Practice Patterns, Surgery
Dynan L, Goudie A, Brady PW
Pediatric adverse event rates associated with inexperience in teaching hospitals: a multilevel analysis.
In this article, the investigators hypothesize that adverse event rates increase with the availability of more complex services and technologies (transplantation and pediatric open-heart surgery); increase as experience of providers decreases (July effect); and increase with residents per bed, a measure of both average provider inexperience and congestion. Using multilevel analysis, they found empirical evidence in support of their three hypotheses.
AHRQ-funded; HS023827.
Citation: Dynan L, Goudie A, Brady PW .
Pediatric adverse event rates associated with inexperience in teaching hospitals: a multilevel analysis.
J Healthc Qual 2018 Mar/Apr;40(2):69-78. doi: 10.1097/jhq.0000000000000121..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Adverse Events, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Medical Errors, Patient Safety
Leyenaar JK, Ralston SL, Shieh MS
Epidemiology of pediatric hospitalizations at general hospitals and freestanding children's hospitals in the United States.
Researchers described the volume and characteristics of pediatric hospitalizations at acute care general and freestanding children's hospitals in the United States. They found that, in 2012, more than 70 percent of pediatric hospitalizations occurred at general hospitals in the United States. Although the most common reasons for hospitalization were similar, the most costly conditions differed.
AHRQ-funded; HS024133.
Citation: Leyenaar JK, Ralston SL, Shieh MS .
Epidemiology of pediatric hospitalizations at general hospitals and freestanding children's hospitals in the United States.
J Hosp Med 2016 Nov;11(11):743-49. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2624.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Hospitals, Children/Adolescents