National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 82 Research Studies DisplayedMarkham JL, Richardson T, Stephens JR
Essential concepts for reducing bias in observational studies.
This study discussed ways to reduce bias in pediatric observational studies, which may be used instead of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) due to barriers within pediatric populations, including lower disease prevalence, high costs, inadequate funding, and additional regulatory requirements. Observational studies do not involve randomization and thus have more potential for bias when compared with RCTs because of imbalances that can exist between comparison groups. The authors describe techniques to minimize bias by controlling for important measurable covariates within observational studies and discuss the challenges and opportunities in addressing specific variables.
AHRQ-funded; HS028845.
Citation: Markham JL, Richardson T, Stephens JR .
Essential concepts for reducing bias in observational studies.
Hosp Pediatr 2023 Aug; 13(8):e234-e39. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007116..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Strayer TE, Hollingsworth EK, Shah AS
Why do older adults decline participation in research? Results from two deprescribing clinical trials.
The objective of this study was to examine reasons why hospitalized older adults declined participation in two deprescribing clinical trials, Shed-MEDS (non-Veterans) and VA DROP (Veterans). The reasons given by participating patients were condensed into three themes: feeling overwhelmed by current health status; lack of interest or mistrust; hesitancy to participate. A greater proportion of Veterans expressed a lack of interest or, while more non-Veterans expressed feeling overwhelmed by their current health status. The authors concluded that understanding the reasons why older adults decline participation can inform future strategies to engage this multimorbid population.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Strayer TE, Hollingsworth EK, Shah AS .
Why do older adults decline participation in research? Results from two deprescribing clinical trials.
Trials 2023 Jul 18; 24(1):456. doi: 10.1186/s13063-023-07506-7..
Keywords: Elderly, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Huo T, Glueck DH, Shenkman EA
Stratified split sampling of electronic health records
Data extracted from electronic health records may require very different approaches for model building and analysis than data from clinical research. Because electronic health record data is designed for clinical use, researchers need to engage in the iterative process of defining and provide clear definitions of outcome and predictor variables and assessing associations. This process can increase Type I error rates and decrease the chance of replicability. Failure to consider subgroups may mask heterogeneous relationships between predictor and outcome by subgroups, thus decreasing the generalizability of the findings. To improve the likelihood of both replicability and generalizability, the researchers recommended utilizing a stratified split sample approach for studies using electronic health records. The researchers illustrate the approach through an electronic health record study of the relationships between socio-demographic factors and uptake of hepatic cancer screening, and potential heterogeneity of association in subgroups defined by gender, self-identified race and ethnicity, census-tract level poverty and insurance type.
AHRQ-funded; HS028283.
Citation: Huo T, Glueck DH, Shenkman EA .
Stratified split sampling of electronic health records
BMC Med Res Methodol 2023 May 25; 23(1):128. doi: 10.1186/s12874-023-01938-0..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Anhang Price R, Quigley DD DD, Hargraves JL
A systematic review of strategies to enhance response rates and representativeness of patient experience surveys.
The purpose of this systematic review study was to explore evidence on survey administration strategies to increase response rates and representativeness of patient surveys. The researchers examined 40 peer-reviewed randomized experiments of administration protocols for patient experience surveys. The study found that when compared to mail-only or telephone-only administration of surveys, mail administration with telephone follow-up provides a median response rate benefit of 13%. Researchers also discovered that while surveys administered only by web usually result in lower response rates than those administered by mail or telephone, the limited evidence for a web-mail-telephone process suggests a potential response rate benefit over a mail-telephone process. Monetary incentives are related with substantial improvements in response rates. The study concluded that mixed-mode survey administration results in increased patient survey response rates than a single mode.
AHRQ-funded; HS025920.
Citation: Anhang Price R, Quigley DD DD, Hargraves JL .
A systematic review of strategies to enhance response rates and representativeness of patient experience surveys.
Med Care 2022 Dec;60(12):910-18. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001784..
Keywords: Patient Experience, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Saldanha IJ, Adam GP, Bañez LL
AHRQ Author: Bañez LL
Inclusion of nonrandomized studies of interventions in systematic reviews of interventions: updated guidance from the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality Effective Health Care program.
A guidance workgroup comprised systematic review experts utilized an informal consensus generation method to develop guidelines to inform decisions regarding the inclusion of nonrandomized studies of interventions (NRSIs) in systematic reviews (SRs) of the effects of interventions. The study found that varying topics may require varying decisions regarding NRSI inclusion. The researchers identified key considerations to inform the decisions; from refinement of topics through to development of protocols. During the scoping and refinement of topics, considerations were associated with the clinical decisional dilemma, adequacy of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to address the crucial questions, risk of bias in NRSIs, and the degree to which NRSIs are likely to complement RCTs. When NRSIs are included, during SR team formation, familiarity with topic-specific data sources and advanced analytic methods for NRSIs should be considered. During protocol development, the decision regarding NRSI inclusion or exclusion should be justified, and potential implications explained. When NRSIs are included, the protocol should describe the processes for synthesizing evidence from RCTs and NRSIs and determining the overall strength of evidence. CONCLUSION: We identified specific considerations for decisions regarding NRSI inclusion in SRs and highlight the importance of flexibility and transparency.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290-2017-00003 -C; 75Q80120D00001- 75Q8120D00003; 75Q80120D00005 - 75Q8120D00009.
Citation: Saldanha IJ, Adam GP, Bañez LL .
Inclusion of nonrandomized studies of interventions in systematic reviews of interventions: updated guidance from the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality Effective Health Care program.
J Clin Epidemiol 2022 Dec; 152:300-06. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.08.015..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Holtrop JS, Davis MM
Primary care research is hard to do during COVID-19: challenges and solutions.
This study examined challenges in conducting primary care research during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors used their experience on over 15 individual projects during the pandemic. They identified 3 key challenges to conducting primary care research: (1) practice delivery trickle-down effects, (2) limited/changing resources and procedures for research, and (3) a generally tense milieu in US society during the pandemic. They presented strategies, informed by a set of questions, to help researchers decide how to address these challenges observed during our studies. They encouraged normalization and self-compassion; and encouraged researchers and funders to embrace pragmatic and adaptive research designs as the circumstances with COVID-19 evolve over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS027080.
Citation: Holtrop JS, Davis MM .
Primary care research is hard to do during COVID-19: challenges and solutions.
Ann Fam Med 2022 Nov-Dec; 20(6):568-72. doi: 10.1370/afm.2889..
Keywords: COVID-19, Primary Care, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
O'Malley AJ, Landon BE, Zaborski LA
Weak correlations in health services research: weak relationships or common error?
This study examined whether the correlation between a provider's effect on one population of patients and the same provider's effect on another population is underestimated if the effects for each population are estimated separately as opposed to being jointly modeled as random effects, and characterized how the impact of the estimation procedure varies with sample size. The authors used Medicare claims and enrollment data on emergency department (ED) visits, including patient characteristics, the patient’s hospitalization status, and identification of the doctor responsible for the decision to hospitalize the patient. The simulation analysis demonstrated that the joint modeling approach is generally close to unbiased, whereas the stratified approach can be severely biased in small samples. Correlations included 0.98 for female and male patients and only 0.38 using stratified estimation. Correlations for White and non-White patients are 0.99 and 0.28, and for Medicaid dual-eligible and non-dual-eligible patients 0.99 and 0.31, respectively.
AHRQ-funded; HS025408.
Citation: O'Malley AJ, Landon BE, Zaborski LA .
Weak correlations in health services research: weak relationships or common error?
Health Serv Res 2022 Feb;57(1):182-91. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13882..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Lewis CC, Powell BJ, Brewer SK
Advancing mechanisms of implementation to accelerate sustainable evidence-based practice integration: protocol for generating a research agenda.
This article outlines the protocol for an AHRQ-funded initiative to: 1) establish priorities for an agenda to guide research on implementation mechanisms in health and public health, and 2) disseminate the agenda to research, policy, and practice audiences. The goal is to advance mechanisms of implementation to accelerate sustainable evidence-based practice integration. A network of scientific experts will be created to convene in “Deep Dive” meetings for 3 years. The research agenda will be generated through analysis and synthesis of information from 6 sources: (1) systematic reviews, (2) network members' approaches to studying mechanisms, (3) new proposals presented in implementation proposal feedback sessions, (4) working group sessions conducted in a leading implementation research training institute, (5) breakout sessions at the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration's (SIRC) 2019 conference and (6) SIRC conference abstracts. Mechanism-relevant text segments will be extracted by two members and a third member will generate statements as an input for concept mapping.
AHRQ-funded; HS025632.
Citation: Lewis CC, Powell BJ, Brewer SK .
Advancing mechanisms of implementation to accelerate sustainable evidence-based practice integration: protocol for generating a research agenda.
BMJ Open 2021 Oct 18;11(10):e053474. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053474..
Keywords: Implementation, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Sood E, Wysocki T, Alderfer MA
Topical review: crowdsourcing as a novel approach to qualitative research.
The purpose of this paper was to describe a novel, five-phase approach to collecting qualitative data from hard-to-reach populations using crowdsourcing methods. The phases of crowdsourcing methodology described were: (I) Preparing; (II) Forming Crowds; (III) Collecting Crowdsourced Data; (IV) Coding and Analyzing Crowdsourced Data; and (V) Generating and Disseminating Findings. The investigators concluded that crowdsourcing is an innovative, efficient, feasible, and timely approach to engaging hard-to-reach populations in qualitative research.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393.
Citation: Sood E, Wysocki T, Alderfer MA .
Topical review: crowdsourcing as a novel approach to qualitative research.
J Pediatr Psychol 2021 Feb 19;46(2):189-96. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa096..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Rodriguez PJ, Ward ZJ, Long MW
Applied methods for estimating transition probabilities from electronic health record data.
This study examined the usefulness of electronic health records (EHRs) in estimating transition probabilities for state-transition models. No guidelines exist on appropriate methods. The authors used 3 potential methods to estimate transition probabilities for EHR data, using pediatric eating disorders (EDs) as a case study. They mapped diagnoses to 3 ED health states: anorexia nervous, bulimia nervosa, and other specified feeding or eating disorder using data from PEDsnet, which includes 8 US children’s hospitals. They used 3 approaches: simple first-last proportions, a multistate Markov (MSM) model, and independent survival models. The first-last proportion approach estimated higher probabilities of remaining the same health state, while the other two approaches estimated higher probabilities of transitioning to a different health state. Published literature differed substantially from these estimates. Further research is needed to improve methods for using EHR data to inform transition probabilities.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Rodriguez PJ, Ward ZJ, Long MW .
Applied methods for estimating transition probabilities from electronic health record data.
Med Decis Making 2021 Feb;41(2):143-52. doi: 10.1177/0272989x20985752..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Shu D, Han P, Wang R, Toh S. D, Han P, Wang R
Estimating the marginal hazard ratio by simultaneously using a set of propensity score models: a multiply robust approach.
The inverse probability weighted Cox model is frequently used to estimate the marginal hazard ratio. Its validity requires a crucial condition that the propensity score model be correctly specified. To provide protection against misspecification of the propensity score model, the investigators proposed a weighted estimation method rooted in the empirical likelihood theory. They applied the proposed method to compare the risk of postoperative hospitalization between sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using data from a large medical claims and billing database.
AHRQ-funded; HS026214.
Citation: Shu D, Han P, Wang R, Toh S. D, Han P, Wang R .
Estimating the marginal hazard ratio by simultaneously using a set of propensity score models: a multiply robust approach.
Stat Med 2021 Feb;40(5):1224-42. doi: 10.1002/sim.8837..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Singer SJ, Sinaiko AD, Tietschert MV
Care integration within and outside health system boundaries.
The purpose of this study was to examine care integration-efforts to unify disparate parts of health care organizations to generate synergy across activities occurring within and between them-to understand whether and at which organizational level health systems impact care quality and staff experience. The investigators concluded that measures of clinical process integration related to higher staff ratings of quality and experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS024067.
Citation: Singer SJ, Sinaiko AD, Tietschert MV .
Care integration within and outside health system boundaries.
Health Serv Res 2020 Dec;55(Suppl 3):1033-48. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13578..
Keywords: Health Systems, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Kang M, Gurbani SS, Kempker JA
The published scientific literature on COVID-19: an analysis of PubMed abstracts.
This article describes a PubMed search done on the published scientific literature on COVID-19 from first reporting of the virus in late December 2019 through Nov. 9, 2020. A total of 57,263 articles were included, with 34% ahead of print, 25.1% e-published, and 40.9% print published at the time of data extraction. There was a peak of 2277 articles the week of May 11. The origin countries of publication were United States (35.7%), followed by England (27%), and the Netherlands (8.7%). Most publications (98%) were in English followed by less than 1% each in Spanish, German, and French.
AHRQ-funded; HS025240.
Citation: Kang M, Gurbani SS, Kempker JA .
The published scientific literature on COVID-19: an analysis of PubMed abstracts.
J Med Syst 2020 Nov 25;45(1):3. doi: 10.1007/s10916-020-01678-4..
Keywords: COVID-19, Public Health, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Hernandez AV, Roman YM, White CM
Developing criteria and associated instructions for consistent and useful quality improvement study data extraction for health systems.
This paper describes AHRQ’s efforts to collate and assess quality improvement studies to support learning health systems (LHS). The authors identified quality improvement studies and evaluated the consistency of data extraction from two experienced independent reviewers at three time points: baseline, first revision, and final revision. Six investigators looked at the data extracted by the independent reviewers and determined the extent of similarity on a scale of 0 to 10. Two LHS participants were then asked to assess the relative value of their criteria. The consistency of extraction improved from a mean 1.17 score at baseline to 6.07 at first revision, and 6.81 at the final revision. There was not a significant improvement from the first to final revision. However, the LHS participants rated the value of these ratings a 9 and a 6, demonstrating that there is value in developing criteria.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500012I.
Citation: Hernandez AV, Roman YM, White CM .
Developing criteria and associated instructions for consistent and useful quality improvement study data extraction for health systems.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Nov;35(Suppl 2):802-07. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06098-1..
Keywords: Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Learning Health Systems, Health Systems, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Ward TM, Skubic M, Rantz M
Human-centered approaches that integrate sensor technology across the lifespan: opportunities and challenges.
Children, parents, older adults, and caregivers routinely use sensor technology as a source of health information and health monitoring. The purpose of this paper was to describe three exemplars of research that used a human-centered approach to engage participants in the development, design, and usability of interventions that integrate technology to promote health. The exemplars were based on current research studies that integrated sensor technology into pediatric, adult, and older adult populations living with a chronic health condition.
AHRQ-funded; HS018477.
Citation: Ward TM, Skubic M, Rantz M .
Human-centered approaches that integrate sensor technology across the lifespan: opportunities and challenges.
Nurs Outlook 2020 Nov-Dec;68(6):734-44. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.05.004..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient and Family Engagement, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Anzuoni K, Field TS, Mazor KM
Recruitment challenges for low-risk health system intervention trials in older adults: a case study.
Researchers assessed factors associated with trial participation in the context of a low-risk intervention intended to reduce adverse drug events in recently hospitalized older adults. They found that recruiting older adults recently discharged from the hospital to participate in trials of low-risk, system-level interventions was challenging and may under-enroll the oldest individuals and those potentially at the highest risk for adverse events, limiting generalizability of study findings.
AHRQ-funded; HS023774.
Citation: Anzuoni K, Field TS, Mazor KM .
Recruitment challenges for low-risk health system intervention trials in older adults: a case study.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2020 Nov;68(11):2558-64. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16696..
Keywords: Elderly, Case Study, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR), Medication
Gance-Cleveland B, McDonald CC, Walker RK
Use of theory to guide development and application of sensor technologies in nursing.
In this paper, three nurse scientists summarize their presentations at the Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science 2019 Advanced Methods Conference on Expanding Science of Sensor Technology in Research discussing the theoretical underpinnings of sensor technologies development and use in nursing research and practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS024738; HS018646.
Citation: Gance-Cleveland B, McDonald CC, Walker RK .
Use of theory to guide development and application of sensor technologies in nursing.
Nurs Outlook 2020 Nov-Dec;68(6):698-710. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.04.007..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Nursing, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Santry HP, Strassels SA, Ingraham AM
Identifying the fundamental structures and processes of care contributing to emergency general surgery quality using a mixed-methods Donabedian approach.
Acute Care Surgery (ACS) was developed as a structured, team-based approach to providing round-the-clock emergency general surgery (EGS) care for adult patients needing treatment for diseases such as cholecystitis, gastrointestinal perforation, and necrotizing fasciitis. In this study, the investigators sought to use a Donabedian approach to elucidate potential EGS structures and processes that might be associated with improved outcomes as an initial step in designing the optimal model of acute care surgery care for EGS patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS022694.
Citation: Santry HP, Strassels SA, Ingraham AM .
Identifying the fundamental structures and processes of care contributing to emergency general surgery quality using a mixed-methods Donabedian approach.
BMC Med Res Methodol 2020 Oct 2;20(1):247. doi: 10.1186/s12874-020-01096-7..
Keywords: Surgery, Critical Care, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Callejo-Black A, Wagner DV, Ramanujam K
A systematic review of external validity in pediatric integrated primary care trials.
This study used the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework to conduct a systematic review of external validity reporting in integrated primary care (IPC) interventions for mental health concerns. A literature search was conducted to identify relevant literature from 1998 to 2018 reporting on open, randomized or quasi-randomized trials of IPC interventions that targeted child (ages 0-18 years) psychological symptoms. The authors included 39 publications describing 25 studies in the review. Publications rarely reported indicators of external validity, including the representatives of participants (12%), rate of adoption clinics or providers (16%), cost of implementation (8%), or evidence of maintenance (16%). Few studies also included key pragmatic factors such as cost or organizational change processes related to implementation and maintenance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Callejo-Black A, Wagner DV, Ramanujam K .
A systematic review of external validity in pediatric integrated primary care trials.
J Pediatr Psychol 2020 Oct 1;45(9):1039-52. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa068..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Primary Care, Behavioral Health, Healthcare Delivery, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Li X, Lewis KH, Callaway K
Suitability of administrative claims databases for bariatric surgery research - is the glass half-full or half-empty?
The authors assessed the availability and validity of claims-based weight-related diagnosis codes among bariatric surgery patients who underwent adjusted gastric banding, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or sleeve gastrectomy. They found that claims-based weight-related diagnosis codes had excellent validity before and after bariatric surgical operation but suboptimal availability after operation. Claims databases can be used for bariatric surgery studies of non-weight-related effectiveness and safety outcomes that are well-captured.
AHRQ-funded; HS026214.
Citation: Li X, Lewis KH, Callaway K .
Suitability of administrative claims databases for bariatric surgery research - is the glass half-full or half-empty?
BMC Med Res Methodol 2020 Sep 7;20(1):225. doi: 10.1186/s12874-020-01106-8..
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Surgery, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
O'Malley AJ, Park S
A novel cluster sampling design that couples multiple surveys to support multiple inferential objectives.
The authors of this paper designed a new sampling methodology for complex health systems that own practices or hospitals to assess the relationship between health organization factors and health outcomes. These complex organizations complicate the construction of optimal survey designs. The authors developed an alternative approach based on constraining the sampling design to satisfy desired statistical properties. They illustrated the new sampling methodology by developing the constraints and solving the ensuing systems of equations to obtain the sampling design for the National Survey of United States Health Care Systems, Hospitals and Practices. They used what they called “coupled” sampling by comparing the proportion of eligible systems for whom the corporate owner and both a hospital and a practice can be used for.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: O'Malley AJ, Park S .
A novel cluster sampling design that couples multiple surveys to support multiple inferential objectives.
Health Serv Outcomes Res Methodol 2020 Sep;20(2-3):85-110. doi: 10.1007/s10742-020-00210-y..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Landes SJ, Kerns SEU, Pilar MR
Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Conference of the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) 2019: where the rubber meets the road: the intersection of research, policy, and practice - part 1.
This paper offers a compilation of the abstracts of the oral and poster presentations from the 2019 Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) Conference entitled “Where the Rubber Meets the Road: The Intersection of Research, Policy, and Practice” held in Seattle from 12-14 September. The society had evolved following a NIMH-funded conference grant and is now an international society. The conference included 432 attendees. Highlights of the conference are described.
AHRQ-funded; HS025632.
Citation: Landes SJ, Kerns SEU, Pilar MR .
Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Conference of the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) 2019: where the rubber meets the road: the intersection of research, policy, and practice - part 1.
Implement Sci 2020 Sep 30;15(Suppl 3):76. doi: 10.1186/s13012-020-01034-7..
Keywords: Implementation, Health Services Research (HSR), Evidence-Based Practice, Policy, Research Methodologies
Di Tosto G, McAlearney AS, Fareed N
Metrics for outpatient portal use based on log file analysis: algorithm development.
This study’s goal was to document the functionality of an outpatient portal in the context of outpatient care by mining portal usage data and to provide insights into how patients use this tool. The authors developed a taxonomy of functions and actions and computed analytic metrics, including frequency and comprehensiveness of use. They found that function use was comprehensive at the patient level, while each session was instead limited to the use of one specific function. They hope to promote the replicability of their study at other institutions and to contribute to the establishment of best practices that can facilitate the adoption of behavioral metrics that enable the measurement of patient engagement based on the outpatient portal use.
AHRQ-funded; HS024091; HS024349; HS024379.
Citation: Di Tosto G, McAlearney AS, Fareed N .
Metrics for outpatient portal use based on log file analysis: algorithm development.
J Med Internet Res 2020 Jun 12;22(6):e16849. doi: 10.2196/16849..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Weng Y, Tian L, Tedesco D
Trajectory analysis for postoperative pain using electronic health records: a nonparametric method with robust linear regression and K-medians cluster analysis.
Postoperative pain scores are widely monitored and collected in the electronic health record, yet current methods fail to fully leverage the data with fast implementation. This article describes a trajectory analysis for postoperative pain using electronic health records. A robust linear regression was fitted to describe the association between the log-scaled pain score and time from discharge after total knee replacement.
AHRQ-funded; HS024096.
Citation: Weng Y, Tian L, Tedesco D .
Trajectory analysis for postoperative pain using electronic health records: a nonparametric method with robust linear regression and K-medians cluster analysis.
Health Informatics J 2020 Jun;26(2):1404-18. doi: 10.1177/1460458219881339..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Pain, Surgery, Orthopedics, Research Methodologies, Health Services Research (HSR)
Tsou AY, Treadwell JR, Erinoff E
Machine learning for screening prioritization in systematic reviews: comparative performance of Abstrackr and EPPI-Reviewer.
Improving the speed of systematic review (SR) development is key to supporting evidence-based medicine. Machine learning tools which semi-automate citation screening might improve efficiency. Few studies have assessed use of screening prioritization functionality or compared two tools head to head. In this project, the investigators compared performance of two machine-learning tools for potential use in citation screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS025859.
Citation: Tsou AY, Treadwell JR, Erinoff E .
Machine learning for screening prioritization in systematic reviews: comparative performance of Abstrackr and EPPI-Reviewer.
Syst Rev 2020 Apr 2;9(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s13643-020-01324-7..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research