National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
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- Obesity: Weight Management (11)
- Opioids (23)
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- Provider: Pharmacist (10)
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- Public Reporting (1)
- Quality Improvement (47)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (14)
- Quality Measures (18)
- Quality of Care (90)
- Quality of Life (17)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (90)
- Registries (13)
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- Risk (71)
- Rural/Inner-City Residents (1)
- Rural Health (13)
- Screening (38)
- Sepsis (9)
- Sex Factors (13)
- Sexual Health (7)
- Shared Decision Making (58)
- Sickle Cell Disease (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Skin Conditions (17)
- Sleep Problems (7)
- Social Determinants of Health (34)
- Social Media (7)
- Social Stigma (7)
- Stress (6)
- Stroke (11)
- Substance Abuse (23)
- Surgery (101)
- System Design (5)
- Teams (7)
- TeamSTEPPS (2)
- Telehealth (13)
- Tobacco Use (9)
- Tools & Toolkits (5)
- Training (17)
- Transitions of Care (16)
- Transplantation (9)
- Trauma (12)
- Treatments (19)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (23)
- Uninsured (13)
- Urban Health (12)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (5)
- Vaccination (21)
- Vitamins and Supplements (2)
- Vulnerable Populations (14)
- Web-Based (17)
- Women (25)
- Workflow (5)
- Workforce (8)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
101 to 125 of 1160 Research Studies DisplayedHong S, Burnett-Zeigler I
The frequency of PTSD and subthreshold PTSD among African-American women with depressive symptoms in a disadvantaged urban neighborhood: pilot study.
This report examined the frequency of a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and subthreshold PTSD among 72 female participants with depressive symptoms in a mindfulness-based intervention for depression at an urban federally qualified health center. The authors reported the high frequency of PTSD diagnosis and subthreshold PTSD among underserved women with depressive symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Hong S, Burnett-Zeigler I .
The frequency of PTSD and subthreshold PTSD among African-American women with depressive symptoms in a disadvantaged urban neighborhood: pilot study.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017 Dec;4(6):1069-73. doi: 10.1007/s40615-016-0311-3.
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Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Urban Health, Vulnerable Populations
Yu H, Greenberg M, Haviland A
The impact of state medical malpractice reform on individual-level health care expenditures.
This study aims to fill the evidence gap concerning the effect of different types of malpractice reform by examining the general population, not a subgroup or a specific health condition, and controlling for individual-level sociodemographic and health status. It found that only two of the 10 major state-level malpractice reforms had significant impacts on the growth of individual-level health expenditures.
AHRQ-funded; HS023336.
Citation: Yu H, Greenberg M, Haviland A .
The impact of state medical malpractice reform on individual-level health care expenditures.
Health Serv Res 2017 Dec;52(6):2018-37. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12789.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Policy, Medical Liability, Policy
Leeds IL, Canner JK, Efron JE
The independent effect of cancer on outcomes: a potential limitation of surgical risk prediction.
This study aims to compare the use of common risk models for benign versus malignant gastrointestinal disease. It found that the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) prediction models less effectively evaluate the risk of death in cancer patients as compared to patients with benign disease. A diagnosis of cancer is independently associated with an increased risk of surgical complications.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736.
Citation: Leeds IL, Canner JK, Efron JE .
The independent effect of cancer on outcomes: a potential limitation of surgical risk prediction.
J Surg Res 2017 Dec;220:402-09.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.08.039.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Cancer, Digestive Disease and Health, Risk, Surgery
Brach C
AHRQ Author: Brach C
The journey to become a health literate organization: a snapshot of health system improvement.
This chapter explores the journey that a growing number of organizations are taking to become health literate. A part of the chapter highlights the experiences of three organizations that have explicitly set a goal to become health literate: Carolinas Healthcare System (CHS), Intermountain Healthcare, and Northwell Health. The chapter ends with lessons learned from the experiences of health literacy pioneers that may be useful to organizations embarking on the journey.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Brach C .
The journey to become a health literate organization: a snapshot of health system improvement.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;240:203-37.
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Keywords: Health Literacy, Health Systems, Quality Improvement
Whaley CM, Guo C, Brown TT
The moral hazard effects of consumer responses to targeted cost-sharing.
This paper examines the effects of the reference pricing program implemented by the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) in 2012. The investigators found that the cost savings from the reference pricing program was about two to three times as large as the reduction from implementing a high-deductible health plan, while the accompanying consumer surplus reduction was much smaller under reference pricing.
AHRQ-funded; HS022098.
Citation: Whaley CM, Guo C, Brown TT .
The moral hazard effects of consumer responses to targeted cost-sharing.
J Health Econ 2017 Dec;56:201-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2017.09.012..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance, Payment
Henderson ML, Thomas AG, Shaffer A
The national landscape of living kidney donor follow-up in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of the 2013 policy the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network for Organ Sharing issued. The policy required that transplant centers collect data on living kidney donors (LKDs) at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postdonation, with policy-defined thresholds for the proportion of complete living donor follow-up data submitted in a timely manner (60 days before or after the expected visit date).
AHRQ-funded; HS024600.
Citation: Henderson ML, Thomas AG, Shaffer A .
The national landscape of living kidney donor follow-up in the United States.
Am J Transplant 2017 Dec;17(12):3131-40. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14356..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Policy, Registries, Transplantation
Ganapathy D, Acharya C, Lachar J
The patient buddy app can potentially prevent hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions.
The researchers aimed to define the feasibility of using the Patient Buddy App and its impact on 30-day readmissions by engaging and educating cirrhotic inpatients and caregivers in a pilot study. In their proof-of-concept trial, the use of Patient Buddy is feasible in recently discharged patients with cirrhosis and their caregivers. Eight hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions were potentially avoided after the use of the App.
AHRQ-funded; HS024004.
Citation: Ganapathy D, Acharya C, Lachar J .
The patient buddy app can potentially prevent hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions.
Liver Int 2017 Dec;37(12):1843-51. doi: 10.1111/liv.13494.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Chronic Conditions, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient and Family Engagement, Hospital Readmissions
Siegler JE, Albright KC, George AJ
Time to neurological deterioration in ischemic stroke.
This study examined the time to neurological deterioration (ND) in ischemic stroke. The study concluded that despite having similar stroke severity and age, patients with nonreversible causes of ND had significantly shorter median time to ND when compared to patients with reversible causes of ND.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Siegler JE, Albright KC, George AJ .
Time to neurological deterioration in ischemic stroke.
Med Student Res J 2017 Winter;4:18-24. doi: 10.15404/msrj/03.2016.0005..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Outcomes, Stroke
Kushniruk A, Senathirajah Y, Borycki E
Towards a usability and error "safety net": a multi-phased multi-method approach to ensuring system usability and safety.
The researchers describe a multi-phased multi-method approach to integrating usability engineering methods into system testing to ensure both usability and safety of healthcare IT upon widespread deployment. Their approach involves usability testing followed by clinical simulation (conducted in-situ) and "near-live" recording of user interactions with systems. At key stages in this process, usability problems are identified and rectified forming a usability and technology-induced error "safety net.”
AHRQ-funded; HS023708.
Citation: Kushniruk A, Senathirajah Y, Borycki E .
Towards a usability and error "safety net": a multi-phased multi-method approach to ensuring system usability and safety.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;245:763-67.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Medical Errors, Patient Safety
Kohler-Forsberg O, Madsen T, Behrendt-Moller I
Trajectories of suicidal ideation over 6 months among 482 outpatients with bipolar disorder.
The researchers aimed to investigate 6-months trajectories of suicidal ideation among adults with bipolar disorder. Using data from the Bipolar CHOICE study, they identified four distinct trajectories and found that more than one in ten adult outpatients with bipolar disorder had moderately increased suicidal ideation throughout 6 months of pharmacotherapy. They recommended that the identified predictors may help clinicians to identify those with additional need for treatment against suicidal thoughts, and future studies need to investigate whether targeted treatment may improve the course of persistent suicidal ideation.
AHRQ-funded; HS019371.
Citation: Kohler-Forsberg O, Madsen T, Behrendt-Moller I .
Trajectories of suicidal ideation over 6 months among 482 outpatients with bipolar disorder.
J Affect Disord 2017 Dec 1;223:146-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.038.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Medication, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Cohen KB, Goss FR, Zweigenbaum P
Translational morphosyntax: distribution of negation in clinical records and biomedical journal articles.
This paper describes the distribution of negation in two types of biomedical texts: scientific journal articles and progress notes. Two types of negation are examined: explicit negation at the syntactic level and affixal negation at the sub-word level. The data show that the distribution of negation is significantly different in the two document types.
AHRQ-funded; HS024541.
Citation: Cohen KB, Goss FR, Zweigenbaum P .
Translational morphosyntax: distribution of negation in clinical records and biomedical journal articles.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;245:346-50.
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Keywords: Data, Health Information Technology (HIT), Research Methodologies
Dykewicz MS, Wallace DV, Baroody F
Treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis: an evidence-based focused 2017 guideline update.
This article provides an evidence-based focused 2017 guideline update for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599
Citation: Dykewicz MS, Wallace DV, Baroody F .
Treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis: an evidence-based focused 2017 guideline update.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017 Dec;119(6):489-511.e41. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.012..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Saeed MJ, Turner TE, Brown DL
Trends in inferior vena cava filter placement by indication in the United States from 2005 to 2014.
This study examined trends in inpatient inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement overall and by indication from 2005 to 2014. The IVC filter placement rate per 100 000 hospitalizations increased from 322.1 (n = 99 779) in 2005 to 412.0 (n = 129 026) in 2010, decreased to 374.1 (n = 117 731) in 2011, and continued declining to 321.8 (n = 95 735) in 2014. The percentage of prophylactic IVC filter placement decreased from 28.9 percent in 2005 to 22.6 percent in 2014.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Saeed MJ, Turner TE, Brown DL .
Trends in inferior vena cava filter placement by indication in the United States from 2005 to 2014.
JAMA Intern Med 2017 Dec;177(12):1861-62. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5960.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Surgery
Prochaska MT, Hohmann SF, Modes M
Trends in troponin-only testing for AMI in academic teaching hospitals and the impact of Choosing Wisely(R).
This study examined the variation in cardiac biomarker testing and the effect of the Choosing Wisely(R) troponin-only recommendation for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It concluded that in institutions with low rates of troponin-only testing prior to the Choosing Wisely(R) recommendation, the recommendation was associated with a significant increase in the rate of troponin-only testing.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Prochaska MT, Hohmann SF, Modes M .
Trends in troponin-only testing for AMI in academic teaching hospitals and the impact of Choosing Wisely(R).
J Hosp Med 2017 Dec;12(12):957-62. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2846.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Roman LA, Raffo JE, Dertz K
Understanding perspectives of African American Medicaid-insured women on the process of perinatal care: an opportunity for systems improvement.
The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of Medicaid-insured women about their experiences of perinatal care across a continuum of clinical and community-based services. It found that many women experienced difficulties engaging in early care, getting more help, and understanding and communicating with their providers, with some reporting socio-economic and racial bias in care.
AHRQ-funded; HS020208.
Citation: Roman LA, Raffo JE, Dertz K .
Understanding perspectives of African American Medicaid-insured women on the process of perinatal care: an opportunity for systems improvement.
Matern Child Health J 2017 Dec;21(Suppl 1):81-92. doi: 10.1007/s10995-017-2372-2.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Maternal Care, Medicaid, Pregnancy, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Lim CY, Berry ABL, Hirsch T
Understanding what is most important to individuals with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative study of patients' perspectives.
This qualitative study aimed to identify what patients with multiple chronic conditions describe as most important to their well-being and health. The findings described the range and types of personal values multimorbid older adults deem important to well-being and health. Understanding patients' personal values across these domains may be useful for providers when developing, sharing, and following up on care plans.
AHRQ-funded; HS022364.
Citation: Lim CY, Berry ABL, Hirsch T .
Understanding what is most important to individuals with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative study of patients' perspectives.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Dec;32(12):1278-84. doi: 10.1007/s11606-017-4154-3..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Elderly, Quality Improvement
Rizvi RF, Marquard JL, Seywerd MA
Usability evaluation of an EHR's clinical notes interface from the perspective of attending and resident physicians: an exploratory study.
Usability of a commercial, inpatient Electronic Health Record (EHR) clinical notes documentation interface was analyzed from standpoints of two provider groups employing two standardized patient cases. The study results suggested that: (1) EHR usability and desirability is influenced by user characteristics, (2) repeated task performance improves user efficiency, and (3) user performance is correlated to their subjective system assessments.
AHRQ-funded; HS022085.
Citation: Rizvi RF, Marquard JL, Seywerd MA .
Usability evaluation of an EHR's clinical notes interface from the perspective of attending and resident physicians: an exploratory study.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;245:1128-32.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Provider: Health Personnel
Wang D
Use contexts and usage patterns of interactive case simulation tools by HIV healthcare providers in a statewide online clinical education program.
The researcher analyzed four interactive case simulation tools (ICSTs) from a statewide online clinical education program. Results have shown that ICSTs are increasingly used by HIV healthcare providers. Smart phone has become the primary usage platform for specific ICSTs. Usage patterns depend on particular ICST modules, usage stages, and use contexts.
AHRQ-funded; HS022057.
Citation: Wang D .
Use contexts and usage patterns of interactive case simulation tools by HIV healthcare providers in a statewide online clinical education program.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;245:1242.
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Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Health Information Technology (HIT), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Provider, Simulation, Training
Ji X, Machiraju R, Ritter A
Visualizing article similarities via sparsified article network and map projection for systematic reviews.
In this study, the authors visualized article similarities to extend its utilization in practical settings for SR researchers, aiming to promote human comprehension of article distributions and hidden patterns. To prompt an effective visualization in an interpretable, intuitive, and scalable way, they implemented a graph-based network visualization with three network sparsification approaches and a distance-based map projection via dimensionality reduction.
AHRQ-funded; HS025047.
Citation: Ji X, Machiraju R, Ritter A .
Visualizing article similarities via sparsified article network and map projection for systematic reviews.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2017;245:422-26.
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Keywords: Data, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Schaffhausen CR, Bruin MJ, Chesley D
What patients and members of their support networks ask about transplant program data.
This study used qualitative document research methods to review 678 detailed Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) entries and summary counts of 55 362 United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) entries to provide a better understanding of what was asked and what requests were most common. Patients sought a wide range of information about outcomes, waiting times, program volumes, and willingness to perform transplants in candidates with specific diseases or demographics.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Schaffhausen CR, Bruin MJ, Chesley D .
What patients and members of their support networks ask about transplant program data.
Clin Transplant 2017 Dec;31(12). doi: 10.1111/ctr.13125.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Shared Decision Making, Health Services Research (HSR), Registries, Transplantation
Paddock SM, Damberg CL, Yanagihara D
What role does efficiency play in understanding the relationship between cost and quality in physician organizations?
Previous studies demonstrate overuse of a narrow set of services, suggesting provider inefficiency, but existing studies neither quantify inefficiency more broadly nor assess its variation across physician organizations (POs). This study found that POs had substantial variation in efficiency, producing widely differing levels of quality for the same cost.
AHRQ-funded; HS021860.
Citation: Paddock SM, Damberg CL, Yanagihara D .
What role does efficiency play in understanding the relationship between cost and quality in physician organizations?
Med Care 2017 Dec;55(12):1039-45. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000823.
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Keywords: Practice Patterns, Healthcare Costs, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Payment, Provider Performance
Juriga LL, Murray DJ, Boulet JR
Simulation and the diagnostic process: a pilot study of trauma and rapid response teams.
Simulation can be used to recreate conditions that engage teams in the diagnostic process. In contrast to most instruction about diagnostic error, teams learn through realistic experiences and receive timely feedback about their decision-making skills. The purpose of this study was to assess how trauma teams (TrT) and pediatric rapid response teams (RRT) managed scenarios that included a diagnostic error.
AHRQ-funded; HS022265; HS018731.
Citation: Juriga LL, Murray DJ, Boulet JR .
Simulation and the diagnostic process: a pilot study of trauma and rapid response teams.
Diagnosis 2017 Nov 27;4(4):241-49. doi: 10.1515/dx-2017-0010..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Injuries and Wounds, Training, Trauma
Pantalone KM, Hobbs TM, Chagin KM
Prevalence and recognition of obesity and its associated comorbidities: cross-sectional analysis of electronic health record data from a large US integrated health system.
The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and its related comorbidities among patients being actively managed at a US academic medical centre, and to examine the frequency of a formal diagnosis of obesity. This cross-sectional summary from a large US integrated health system found that three out of every four patients had overweight or obesity based on BMI. Less than half of patients who were identified as having obesity according to BMI received a formal diagnosis via ICD-9 documentation.
AHRQ-funded; HS024128.
Citation: Pantalone KM, Hobbs TM, Chagin KM .
Prevalence and recognition of obesity and its associated comorbidities: cross-sectional analysis of electronic health record data from a large US integrated health system.
BMJ Open 2017 Nov 16;7(11):e017583. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017583..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Systems, Obesity, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Kruser JM, Rakhra SS, Sacotte RM
Intensive care unit outcomes among patients with cancer after palliative radiation therapy.
To inform goals of care discussions at the time of palliative radiation therapy (RT) consultation, researchers sought to characterize intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes for patients treated with palliative RT compared to all other patients with metastatic cancer admitted to the ICU. They found that prior treatment with palliative RT is associated with increased in-hospital mortality after ICU admission.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kruser JM, Rakhra SS, Sacotte RM .
Intensive care unit outcomes among patients with cancer after palliative radiation therapy.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017 Nov 15;99(4):854-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2463.
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Keywords: Cancer, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Fan T, Rogers A
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection in adults.
G.R. is a 21-year-old nonpregnant woman who is new to the area and your office. She is applying to graduate school and wants to make sure her vaccinations are up to date. She reports she is doing well and has no concerns. This case study on tuberculosis screening poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Rogers A .
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Nov 15;96(10):675-76.
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Keywords: Case Study, Infectious Diseases, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)