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- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedChase BA, Pocica S, Frigerio R
Mortality risk factors in newly diagnosed diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy.
To inform the design of interventions to reduce mortality in cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) patients with diabetes, researchers explored genetic variants,
clinical attributes, and autonomic testing findings present to assess possible associations with increased mortality. They reviewed the electronic medical records of patients with advanced disease at the time when CAN was diagnosed. Some clinical characteristics, as well as sex, race, ethnicity, and incidence of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus were found to be similar in both survivors and non-survivors; clinical and autonomic testing characteristics were often similarly advanced in survivors and non-survivors. The researchers concluded that their analysis provided context by estimating hazard ratios relative to when CAN is objectively diagnosed and indicated that not all risk factors confer equal mortality risk. Their findings may inform both the development of guidelines for prevention and the design of larger studies to evaluate CAN mortality risk factors.
clinical attributes, and autonomic testing findings present to assess possible associations with increased mortality. They reviewed the electronic medical records of patients with advanced disease at the time when CAN was diagnosed. Some clinical characteristics, as well as sex, race, ethnicity, and incidence of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus were found to be similar in both survivors and non-survivors; clinical and autonomic testing characteristics were often similarly advanced in survivors and non-survivors. The researchers concluded that their analysis provided context by estimating hazard ratios relative to when CAN is objectively diagnosed and indicated that not all risk factors confer equal mortality risk. Their findings may inform both the development of guidelines for prevention and the design of larger studies to evaluate CAN mortality risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS024057.
Citation: Chase BA, Pocica S, Frigerio R .
Mortality risk factors in newly diagnosed diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy.
Clin Auton Res 2023 Dec; 33(6):903-07. doi: 10.1007/s10286-023-00975-5.
Keywords: Mortality, Risk, Diabetes
Bramante CT, Ingraham NE, Murray TA
Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis.
This study examined whether metformin use by patients with diagnosed with type 2 diabetes had reduced mortality when hospitalized for COVID-19. Pharmacy claims data from UnitedHealth Group’s Clinical Discovery Claims Database was used. Patient data were included if they were aged 18 years or older; had type 2 diabetes or obesity (defined based on claims); at least 6 months of continuous enrolment in 2019; and admission to hospital for COVID-19 confirmed by PCR; manual chart review by UHG; or reported from the hospital to UHG. Metformin was not associated with significant reduction in mortality among men, but there was an association with decreased mortality in women.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Bramante CT, Ingraham NE, Murray TA .
Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Lancet Healthy Longev 2021 Jan;2(1):e34-e41. doi: 10.1016/s2666-7568(20)30033-7..
Keywords: COVID-19, Hospitalization, Medication, Mortality, Risk, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Public Health, Infectious Diseases
Ke C, Kim SJ, Shah BR
AHRQ Author: Bierman AS
Impact of socioeconomic status on incidence of end-stage renal disease and mortality after dialysis in adults with diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether low socioeconomic status (SES), with or without universal drug coverage, predicts end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and survival after dialysis in patients with diabetes. Results showed that low SES was inversely associated with ESRD outcomes in individuals with diabetes, and this disparity was reduced in those age 65 and older who universally received prescription drug coverage. Low SES was associated with a higher mortality after dialysis, largely explained by lower kidney transplantation rates in poorer populations.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ke C, Kim SJ, Shah BR .
Impact of socioeconomic status on incidence of end-stage renal disease and mortality after dialysis in adults with diabetes.
Can J Diabetes 2019 Oct;43(7):483-89.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2019.04.006..
Keywords: Diabetes, Kidney Disease and Health, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health
Lee AK, Warren B, Lee CJ
The association of severe hypoglycemia with incident cardiovascular events and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes.
There is suggestive evidence linking hypoglycemia with cardiovascular disease, but few data have been collected in a community-based setting. This study found that hypoglycemia was not associated with stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or noncardiovascular and noncancer death. Results were robust within subgroups defined by age, sex, race, diabetes duration, and baseline cardiovascular risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Lee AK, Warren B, Lee CJ .
The association of severe hypoglycemia with incident cardiovascular events and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Care 2018 Jan;41(1):104-11. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1669.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Mortality
Leonard CE, Hennessy S, Han X
Pro- and antiarrhythmic actions of sulfonylureas: Mechanistic and clinical evidence.
In this review, the authors explore the influence of sulfonylureas on the risk of serious arrhythmias, with specific foci on ischemic preconditioning, cardiac excitability, and serious hypoglycemia as putative mechanisms. They argue that elucidating the relationship between individual sulfonylureas and serious arrhythmias is critical, especially as the diabetes epidemic intensifies and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) incidence increases in persons with diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023898.
Citation: Leonard CE, Hennessy S, Han X .
Pro- and antiarrhythmic actions of sulfonylureas: Mechanistic and clinical evidence.
Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017 Aug;28(8):561-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.04.003.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Medication, Mortality
Palta P, Huang ES, Kalyani RR
Hemoglobin A1c and mortality in older adults with and without diabetes: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-2011).
In this paper, the investigators sought to estimate the risk of mortality by HbA1c levels among older adults with and without diabetes. They concluded that an HbA1c >8.0% was associated with increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults with diabetes. The investigators suggest that their results support the idea that better glycemic control is important for reducing mortality; however, they also indicate that there is a need for individualized glycemic targets for older adults with diabetes depending on their demographics, duration of diabetes, and existing comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Palta P, Huang ES, Kalyani RR .
Hemoglobin A1c and mortality in older adults with and without diabetes: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-2011).
Diabetes Care 2017 Apr;40(4):453-60. doi: 10.2337/dci16-0042.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Elderly, Mortality, Risk
Brennan MB, Hess TM, Bartle B
Diabetic foot ulcer severity predicts mortality among veterans with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with an increased risk of death. This study evaluated whether ulcer severity at presentation predicts mortality. It concluded that initial diabetic foot ulcer severity is a more significant predictor of subsequent mortality than coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, or stroke.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Brennan MB, Hess TM, Bartle B .
Diabetic foot ulcer severity predicts mortality among veterans with type 2 diabetes.
J Diabetes Complications. 2017 Mar;31(3):556-561. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.11.020..
Keywords: Diabetes, Mortality, Chronic Conditions, Pressure Ulcers
Yakoob MY, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S
Impact of dietary and metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular and diabetes mortality in South Asia: analysis from the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study.
This article's objective is to quantify cardiovascular disease and diabetes deaths attributable to dietary and metabolic risks by country, age, sex, and time in South Asian countries. The authors used the 2010 Global Burden of Disease national surveys to characterize risk factor levels by age and sex. They found suboptimal diet to be the leading cuase of cardiometabolic mortality in 4 of 5 countries. They concluded that important similarities and differences are evident in cardiometabolic mortality burdens of modifiable dietary and metabolic risks across these countries, informing health policy and program priorities.
AHRQ-funded; HS000062.
Citation: Yakoob MY, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S .
Impact of dietary and metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular and diabetes mortality in South Asia: analysis from the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study.
Am J Public Health 2016 Dec;106(12):2113-25. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303368.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Mortality, Risk
Blecker S, Park H, Katz SD
Association of HbA1c with hospitalization and mortality among patients with heart failure and diabetes.
Comorbid diabetes is common in heart failure and associated with increased hospitalization and mortality. Nonetheless, the association between glycemic control and outcomes among patients with heart failure and diabetes remains poorly characterized, particularly among low income and minority patients. This study found that among a cohort of primarily minority and low income patients with heart failure and diabetes, an increased risk of hospitalization was observed.
AHRQ-funded; HS023683.
Citation: Blecker S, Park H, Katz SD .
Association of HbA1c with hospitalization and mortality among patients with heart failure and diabetes.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2016 May 20;16:99. doi: 10.1186/s12872-016-0275-6.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Heart Disease and Health, Mortality, Hospitalization, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Desai JR, Vazquez-Benitez G, Xu Z
Who must we target now to minimize future cardiovascular events and total mortality? Lessons from the Surveillance, Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) cohort study.
This report examined trends in cardiovascular events and mortality in US health systems to help guide the design of targeted clinical and public health strategies to reduce cardiovascular events and mortality rates. It concluded that in order to sustain improvements health systems that have successfully focused on care improvement in high-risk adults with diabetes or heart disease must broaden their improvement strategies to target lower risk adults who have not yet developed diabetes or hearat disease.
AHRQ-funded; HS019859.
Citation: Desai JR, Vazquez-Benitez G, Xu Z .
Who must we target now to minimize future cardiovascular events and total mortality? Lessons from the Surveillance, Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) cohort study.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2015 Sep;8(5):508-16. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.115.001717.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Mortality, Risk
Guo MW, Ahn HJ, Juarez DT
Length of stay and deaths in diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations among Asian American, Pacific Islander, and white older adults on Medicare, Hawai'i, December 2006-December 2010.
The objective of this study was to compare in-hospital deaths and length of stays for diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations (D-RPHs) in Hawai‘i for Asian American, Pacific Islander, and white Medicare recipients aged 65 years or older. It found that Native Hawaiians were more likely to die during a D-RPH and were hospitalized at a younger age for a D-RPH than other studied racial/ethnic groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS019990.
Citation: Guo MW, Ahn HJ, Juarez DT .
Length of stay and deaths in diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations among Asian American, Pacific Islander, and white older adults on Medicare, Hawai'i, December 2006-December 2010.
Prev Chronic Dis 2015 Aug 6;12:E124. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.150092..
Keywords: Mortality, Hospitalization, Diabetes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Elderly
Leung MY, Pollack LM, Colditz GA
Life years lost and lifetime health care expenditures associated with diabetes in the U.S., National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2000.
The authors analyzed the lifetime health care expenditures and life years lost associated with diabetes in the U.S. Their results showed that diabetes is associated with large decreases in life expectancy and large increases in lifetime health care expenditures, with the life years and expenditures depending on age-race-sex-BMI classification groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Leung MY, Pollack LM, Colditz GA .
Life years lost and lifetime health care expenditures associated with diabetes in the U.S., National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2000.
Diabetes Care 2015 Mar;38(3):460-8. doi: 10.2337/dc14-1453.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Healthcare Costs, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Mortality
Lanspa MJ, Dickerson J, Morris AH
Coefficient of glucose variation is independently associated with mortality in critically ill patients receiving intravenous insulin.
The researchers studied the association between coefficient of variation of glucose and mortality and also whether the association between glycemic variability and mortality was independent of hypoglycemia and other patient attributes. They found that blood glucose coefficient of variation was associated with 30-day mortality both in diabetic as well as in non-diabetic patients. The association was independent of hypoglycemia, blood glucose target, age, disease severity, and comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS006594.
Citation: Lanspa MJ, Dickerson J, Morris AH .
Coefficient of glucose variation is independently associated with mortality in critically ill patients receiving intravenous insulin.
Crit Care 2014 Apr 30;18(2):R86. doi: 10.1186/cc13851..
Keywords: Critical Care, Mortality, Diabetes