National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1001 to 1004 of 1004 Research Studies DisplayedAl Sahlawi M, Zhao J, McCullough K
Variation in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis outcomes in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).
This observational prospective cohort study describes the likelihood of a cure after a peritonitis episode from peritoneal dialysis (PD), exploring its association with various patient, peritonitis, and treatment characteristics. The cohort included 1,631 peritonitis episodes (1,190 patients, 126 facilities) in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Japan, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Outcomes looked at included cure, defined as absence of death, transfer to hemodialysis (HD), PD catheter removal, relapse, or recurrent peritonitis within 50 days of a peritonitis episode. Odds of cure were lower for Gram-negative, polymicrobial, and fungal peritonitis compared with Gram-positive peritonitis. Odds of cure were also higher with automated PD versus continuous ambulatory PD, facility icodextrin use, empirical aminoglycoside user, and ciprofloxacin use versus ceftazidime use for Gram-negative peritonitis. Prior peritonitis episodes were also associated with lower odds of a cure.
AHRQ-funded; HS025756.
Citation: Al Sahlawi M, Zhao J, McCullough K .
Variation in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis outcomes in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).
Am J Kidney Dis 2022 Jan;79(1):45-55.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.03.022..
Keywords: Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health
White AEC, Hood-Medland EA, Kravitz RL
Visit linearity in primary care visits for patients with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy.
Physicians and patients report frustration after primary care visits for chronic pain. The need to shift between multiple clinical topics to address competing demands during visits may contribute to this frustration. This study created a novel measure, "visit linearity," to assess visit organization and examined whether visits that required less shifting back and forth between topics were associated with better patient and physician visit experiences.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: White AEC, Hood-Medland EA, Kravitz RL .
Visit linearity in primary care visits for patients with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jan;37(1):78-86. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06917-z..
Keywords: Opioids, Pain, Chronic Conditions, Primary Care, Medication
Natarajan E, Florin TA, Constantinou C
What is the role of shared decision-making with parents of children with bronchiolitis?
The authors sought to study shared decision making (SDM) with parents of children with bronchiolitis. They discussed challenges to implementation and indicated that use of SDM with parents of children with bronchiolitis can improve patient-centered care by aligning medical decisions with informed parents’ values and preferences.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Natarajan E, Florin TA, Constantinou C .
What is the role of shared decision-making with parents of children with bronchiolitis?
Hosp Pediatr 2022 Jan;12(1):e50-e53. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-006245.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Shared Decision Making, Respiratory Conditions
Zimolzak AJ, Shahid U, Giardina TD
Why test results are still getting "lost" to follow-up: a qualitative study of implementation gaps.
Lack of timely follow-up of abnormal test results is common and has been implicated in missed or delayed diagnosis, resulting in potential for patient harm. As part of a larger project to implement change strategies to improve follow-up of diagnostic test results, this study sought to identify specifically where implementation gaps exist, as well as possible solutions identified by front-line staff.
AHRQ-funded; HS27363.
Citation: Zimolzak AJ, Shahid U, Giardina TD .
Why test results are still getting "lost" to follow-up: a qualitative study of implementation gaps.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jan;37(1):137-44. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06772-y..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care