National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 37 of 37 Research Studies DisplayedDelling FN, Vittinghoff E, Dewland TA
Does cannabis legalisation change healthcare utilisation? A population-based study using the healthcare cost and utilisation project in Colorado, USA.
Researchers studied whether the legalization of cannabis in Colorado has affected healthcare utilization compared to two states where it is still illegal (New York and Oklahoma). ICD-9 was used to determine changes in healthcare utilization relative to various medical diagnoses. According to the National Academy of Science (NAS), legal cannabis use creates an increase in cannabis abuse hospitalizations and also linked to motor vehicle accidents, alcohol abuse, and overdose injury and that was true in CO. There was not a change in hospital stays and costs in CO compared to NY and OK.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Delling FN, Vittinghoff E, Dewland TA .
Does cannabis legalisation change healthcare utilisation? A population-based study using the healthcare cost and utilisation project in Colorado, USA.
BMJ Open 2019 May 15;9(5):e027432. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027432..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Utilization, Policy, Substance Abuse
Kazemi DM, Borsari B, Levine MJ
Real-time demonstration of a mHealth app designed to reduce college students hazardous drinking.
The authors developed a smartphone application (SmarTrek) that targets college students and aims to reduce risky alcohol use. They found that the majority of participants agreed that SmarTrek was easy to use and that the information provided was useful and had a positive effect on decreasing their drinking.
AHRQ-funded; HS023875.
Citation: Kazemi DM, Borsari B, Levine MJ .
Real-time demonstration of a mHealth app designed to reduce college students hazardous drinking.
Psychol Serv 2019 May;16(2):255-59. doi: 10.1037/ser0000310..
Keywords: Alcohol Use, Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Health Information Technology (HIT), Substance Abuse, Telehealth, Young Adults
McClellan CB
Disparities in opioid related mortality between United States counties from 2000 to 2014.
This study examines disparities in opioid related mortality between United States counties from 2000 to 2014. Unfortunately, counties that had lower rates in 2000 had caught up by 2014. The authors suggest that prevention measures need to be broader in scope and be implemented in areas where the opioid crisis doesn’t seem as prevalent.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McClellan CB .
Disparities in opioid related mortality between United States counties from 2000 to 2014.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2019 Apr 25;199:151-58. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.03.005..
Keywords: Disparities, Medication, Mortality, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Peterson E, Busch S
Achieving mental health and substance use disorder treatment parity: a quarter century of policy making and research.
This article reviews the history and measures benefits from the 2008 passing of the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA). It led to significant improvements in mental health care coverage. Directions for future research are also discussed.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Peterson E, Busch S .
Achieving mental health and substance use disorder treatment parity: a quarter century of policy making and research.
Annu Rev Public Health 2018 Apr 1;39:421-35. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-013603..
Keywords: Access to Care, Behavioral Health, Disparities, Health Insurance, Policy, Substance Abuse
Aggarwal R, Pham M, Dillingham R
Expanded HIV clinic-based mental health care services: association with viral suppression.
This study compared two cohorts of people living with HIV (PLWH) who were receiving clinic-based mental health services. Cohort A received the services before or during 2012, and Cohort B from 2013-2014. Cohort A had three times as many participants with a CD4 count <200. Cohort B were more likely to also have a substance abuse diagnosis. The researchers concluded that the later cohort may not have as much benefit from increased access to co-located mental health services and substance use services.
AHRQ-funded; HS024196.
Citation: Aggarwal R, Pham M, Dillingham R .
Expanded HIV clinic-based mental health care services: association with viral suppression.
Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 Apr;6(4):ofz146. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofz146..
Keywords: Access to Care, Behavioral Health, Community-Based Practice, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Substance Abuse
Shafer PR, Borsky A, Ngo-Metzger Q
AHRQ Author: Shafer PR, Borsky A, Ngo-Metzger Q, Miller T, Meyers D
The practice gap: national estimates of screening and counseling for alcohol, tobacco, and obesity.
The authors of this study estimated screening and counseling rates for tobacco and alcohol use, and obesity by using a nationally representative sample of adults aged 35 years and older. Receipt of the recommended level of services ranged from nearly two-thirds for obesity and tobacco use to less than half for alcohol misuse. The authors conclude that care delivery shows significant room for improvement, but primary care practices may need additional resources to raise their screening and counseling rates.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Shafer PR, Borsky A, Ngo-Metzger Q .
The practice gap: national estimates of screening and counseling for alcohol, tobacco, and obesity.
Ann Fam Med 2019 Mar;17(2):161-63. doi: 10.1370/afm.2363..
Keywords: Alcohol Use, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Prevention, Primary Care, Screening, Substance Abuse, Tobacco Use
Hartung DM, Johnston K, Geddes J
Buprenorphine coverage in the Medicare Part D program for 2007 to 2018.
This letter discusses a study which looked into coverage of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder (OUP) with Medicare. The majority of plans do cover the generic version. However, the number of plans which require previous authorization has increased over from 2007 to 2018. This may hamper treatment by primary care physicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS024227.
Citation: Hartung DM, Johnston K, Geddes J .
Buprenorphine coverage in the Medicare Part D program for 2007 to 2018.
JAMA 2019 Feb 12;321(6):607-09. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.20391..
Keywords: Health Insurance, Medicare, Medication, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Abbasi AB, Salisbury-Afshar E, Jovanov D
Health care utilization of opioid overdose decedents with no opioid analgesic prescription history.
In this study, to better understand the role of prescription opioids and health care utilization prior to opioid-related overdose, the investigators analyzed the death records of decedents who died of an opioid overdose in Illinois in 2016 and linked to any existing controlled substance monitoring program (CSMP) and emergency department (ED) or hospital discharge records.
AHRQ-funded; HS022433.
Citation: Abbasi AB, Salisbury-Afshar E, Jovanov D .
Health care utilization of opioid overdose decedents with no opioid analgesic prescription history.
J Urban Health 2019 Feb;96(1):38-48. doi: 10.1007/s11524-018-00329-x..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Healthcare Utilization, Medication, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Blanchard J, Weiss AJ, Barrett ML
AHRQ Author: Stocks C, Owens PL, Heslin KC
Readmissions following inpatient treatment for opioid-related conditions.
This study analyzed the relationship between hospital admission for inpatient drug detoxification and/or rehabilitation services and subsequent opioid-related readmission. The study used hospital inpatient discharge and emergency department visit data from the AHRQ Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) survey. The sample consisted of 329,037 patients from seven states with an opioid-related index hospitalization from March 2010 to September 2013. A relatively small percentage (19.4%) of patients received treatment for drug use during their hospital stay. Those patients that did receive treatment had a lower 90-day readmission rate than those patients who did not.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Blanchard J, Weiss AJ, Barrett ML .
Readmissions following inpatient treatment for opioid-related conditions.
Subst Use Misuse 2019;54(3):473-81. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1517174..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Opioids, Hospital Readmissions, Hospitalization, Inpatient Care, Substance Abuse, Medication
Livingston CJ, Freeman RJ, Costales VC
AHRQ Author: Niebuhr DW
Electronic nicotine delivery systems or e-cigarettes: American College of Preventive Medicine's practice statement.
E-cigarettes or or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have rapidly gained popularity in the U.S. Controversy exists about the safety and efficacy of ENDS. This paper describes the American College of Preventive Medicine's Prevention Practice Committee’s consensus-based evidence review process to develop a practice statement for the American College of Preventive Medicine.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Livingston CJ, Freeman RJ, Costales VC .
Electronic nicotine delivery systems or e-cigarettes: American College of Preventive Medicine's practice statement.
Am J Prev Med 2019 Jan;56(1):167-78. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.010.
.
.
Keywords: Guidelines, Prevention, Substance Abuse, Tobacco Use
Grecu AM, Dave DM, Saffer H
Mandatory access prescription drug monitoring programs and prescription drug abuse.
This study estimates the effects of prescription drug monitoring (PDMP) programs, which constitute a key policy targeting access to non-medical use of Rx drugs. The investigators found that mandatory-access provisions, which raised PDMP utilization rates by actually requiring providers to query the PDMP prior to prescribing a controlled drug, are significantly associated with a reduction in Rx drug abuse.
AHRQ-funded; HS025014.
Citation: Grecu AM, Dave DM, Saffer H .
Mandatory access prescription drug monitoring programs and prescription drug abuse.
J Policy Anal Manage 2019;38(1):181-209..
Keywords: Medication, Prevention, Substance Abuse
Banks DE, Hershberger AR, Pemberton T
Poly-use of cannabis and other substances among juvenile-justice involved youth: variations in psychological and substance-related problems by typology.
Juvenile offenders engage in both cannabis use and polysubstance use at higher rates than the general adolescent population. Yet, limited research has examined the relationship between cannabis poly-use (e.g., cannabis and alcohol use) and functional or psychological problems among juvenile offenders. The current study addresses this gap by examining the association of polysubstance use of cannabis compared to cannabis only use with cognitive functioning, psychological distress, and substance-related problems among juvenile detainees.
AHRQ-funded; HS024296.
Citation: Banks DE, Hershberger AR, Pemberton T .
Poly-use of cannabis and other substances among juvenile-justice involved youth: variations in psychological and substance-related problems by typology.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019;45(3):313-22. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2018.1558450..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Substance Abuse, Vulnerable Populations