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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- (-) Antibiotics (6)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (2)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (1)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Hospitals (1)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Medication (6)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- (-) Practice Patterns (6)
- Prevention (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedChiotos K, Rock C, Schweizer ML
Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices: a survey of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN).
This survey compares results with a similar 2013 survey that characterizes contemporary infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices across 64 healthcare facilities. There was decreased frequency of active surveillance for MRSA, frequent active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and increased support for antibiotic stewardship programs.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393.
Citation: Chiotos K, Rock C, Schweizer ML .
Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices: a survey of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN).
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Sep;40(9):1046-49. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.172.
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Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Practice Patterns
Yarrington ME, Anderson DJ, Dodds Ashley E
Impact of FDA black box warning on fluoroquinolone and alternative antibiotic use in southeastern US hospitals.
This study’s objective was the quantify the effect of the 2016 FDA “black box” update on the use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics among a cohort of southeastern US hospitals. Fluoroquinolone was given a black box warning after many serious adverse events were reported. Antibiotic use data from 29 southeastern US hospitals over a 5-year period was analyzed. Fluoroquinolone use declined both and before after the FDA advisory update in 2016.
AHRQ-funded; HS023866.
Citation: Yarrington ME, Anderson DJ, Dodds Ashley E .
Impact of FDA black box warning on fluoroquinolone and alternative antibiotic use in southeastern US hospitals.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Nov;40(11):1297-300. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.247..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Medication, Practice Patterns, Healthcare Utilization, Hospitals, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Gong CL, Zangwill KM, Hay JW
Behavioral economics interventions to improve outpatient antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
Researchers sought to determine the cost-effectiveness of three behavioral economic interventions designed to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Provider education on guidelines for the appropriate ARI treatment is compared with suggested alternatives, which use computerized clinical decision support to suggest non-antibiotic treatment choices; accountable justification, which mandates free-text justification into the patient's electronic health record when antibiotics are prescribed; and peer comparison. The authors concluded that behavioral economics interventions can be cost-effective strategies for reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions by reducing healthcare resource utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS019913.
Citation: Gong CL, Zangwill KM, Hay JW .
Behavioral economics interventions to improve outpatient antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
J Gen Intern Med 2019 Jun;34(6):846-54. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4467-x..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Medication, Practice Patterns, Healthcare Costs, Respiratory Conditions
Sick-Samuels AC, Woods-Hill CZ, Fackler JC
Association of a blood culture utilization intervention on antibiotic use in a pediatric intensive care unit.
The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the use of antibiotics at the Johns Hopkins pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) changed in relation to a reduction in utilization of blood culture. Antibiotic usage is used as a balancing measure, because a reduction in blood cultures could lead to an increase in antibiotic treatment if clinicians continued treatment in scenarios when blood culture results were not available. The authors examined the administration of antibiotics over 12 months while a locally developed blood-culture guideline was being implemented. The distribution of antibiotics remained similar over the pre- and post-implementation periods.
AHRQ-funded; HS025642.
Citation: Sick-Samuels AC, Woods-Hill CZ, Fackler JC .
Association of a blood culture utilization intervention on antibiotic use in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Apr;40(4):482-84. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.10..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Children/Adolescents, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Medication, Practice Patterns
Morgan JR, Carey KM, Barlam TF
Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis in children and impact on subsequent episodes of care and treatment.
This study examined whether inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics to treat an initial bout of acute bronchitis in childhood can increase the likelihood of further episodes and also more antibiotic prescribing. A retrospective analysis of children with at least 1 acute bronchitis episode was conducted for the period 2008 to 2015. The cohort was children born in 2008. Results showed that children who were prescribed an antibiotic as part of their initial episode were more likely to have a subsequent acute bronchitis episode and also to be prescribed an antibiotic compared with children who were not prescribed it as part of their treatment in their first episode.
AHRQ-funded; HS022242.
Citation: Morgan JR, Carey KM, Barlam TF .
Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis in children and impact on subsequent episodes of care and treatment.
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 Mar;38(3):271-74. doi: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002117..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Children/Adolescents, Medication, Practice Patterns
Tamma PD, Miller MA, Cosgrove SE
AHRQ Author: Miller MA
Rethinking how antibiotics are prescribed: incorporating the 4 moments of antibiotic decision making into clinical practice.
This editorial viewpoint discusses structured approaches that emphasize the four critical time points (‘Moments’) in the process of antibiotic prescribing, and which may improve antibiotic decisionmaking by clinicians and communication about antibiotic decisions among health care practitioners. AHRQ’s Safety Program for Improving Antibiotic Use is highlighted, since it features the training of clinicians to incorporate the ‘4 moments’ of antibiotic decisionmaking into their thought processes when prescribing antibiotics. The 4 moments are described and an example provided for each. The authors conclude that an organized approach such as the 4 moments of antibiotic decisionmaking could be helpful if it is used every time antibiotic therapy is considered.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 233201500020I.
Citation: Tamma PD, Miller MA, Cosgrove SE .
Rethinking how antibiotics are prescribed: incorporating the 4 moments of antibiotic decision making into clinical practice.
JAMA 2019 Jan;321(2):139-40. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.19509..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Shared Decision Making, Medication, Patient Safety, Practice Patterns