National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (6)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Arthritis (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (4)
- Children/Adolescents (7)
- Chronic Conditions (3)
- Critical Care (1)
- Disparities (4)
- Domestic Violence (1)
- Emergency Department (3)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (2)
- (-) Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (40)
- Healthcare Costs (6)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Healthcare Utilization (2)
- Health Insurance (3)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Hospitalization (15)
- Hospital Readmissions (8)
- Hospitals (2)
- Injuries and Wounds (2)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Medicare (1)
- Mortality (4)
- Obesity (1)
- Opioids (2)
- Osteoporosis (1)
- Outcomes (2)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Safety (2)
- Payment (1)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (2)
- Quality Measures (1)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (5)
- Respiratory Conditions (2)
- Risk (5)
- Rural Health (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Sex Factors (3)
- Skin Conditions (5)
- Social Determinants of Health (2)
- Stroke (2)
- Substance Abuse (2)
- Surgery (9)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- Transitions of Care (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 40 Research Studies DisplayedHo V, Ross JS, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
A nationwide assessment of the association of smoking bans and cigarette taxes with hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia.
No national study using complete hospitalization counts by area that accounts for contemporaneous controls including state cigarette taxes has been conducted. This study in 28 states found that smoking bans lowered pneumonia hospitalization rates for persons ages 60 to 74 years and higher cigarette taxes were associated with lower heart failure hospitalizations for all ages and fewer pneumonia hospitalizations for adults aged 60 to 74.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ho V, Ross JS, Steiner CA .
A nationwide assessment of the association of smoking bans and cigarette taxes with hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia.
Med Care Res Rev 2017 Dec;74(6):687-704. doi: 10.1177/1077558716668646.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Heart Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Pneumonia, Tobacco Use
Kwa MC, Silverberg JI
Association between inflammatory skin disease and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities in US adults: analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample data.
The objective of this study was to determine whether these inflammatory skin diseases are associated with increased cardiovascular/cerebrovascular risk and/or disease. It concluded that atopic dermatitis or eczema (AD-E), pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid (BP), and hidradenitis were all associated with increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk, especially at younger age.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kwa MC, Silverberg JI .
Association between inflammatory skin disease and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities in US adults: analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample data.
Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Dec;18(6):813-23. doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0293-x.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Risk, Skin Conditions
Kwa L, Kwa MC, Silverberg JI
Cardiovascular comorbidities of pediatric psoriasis among hospitalized children in the United States.
This study sought to determine if there is an association between pediatric psoriasis and cardiovascular comorbidities. It found that in multivariate survey logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, pediatric psoriasis was significantly associated with 5 of 10 cardiovascular comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kwa L, Kwa MC, Silverberg JI .
Cardiovascular comorbidities of pediatric psoriasis among hospitalized children in the United States.
J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Dec;77(6):1023-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.08.034.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Skin Conditions
Hernandez-Boussard T, Davies S, McDonald K
Interhospital facility transfers in the United States: a nationwide outcomes study.
This study identified and compared characteristics and outcomes of transfer and nontransfer patients. In-hospital adverse events were significantly higher in transfer patients compared with nontransfer patients. Study results suggest that transfer patients have inferior outcomes compared with nontransfer patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018558.
Citation: Hernandez-Boussard T, Davies S, McDonald K .
Interhospital facility transfers in the United States: a nationwide outcomes study.
J Patient Saf 2017 Dec;13(4):187-91. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000148.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Patient Safety, Transitions of Care
Jones JM, Fingar KR, Miller MA
AHRQ Author: Miller MA; Heslin KC
Racial disparities in sepsis-related in-hospital mortality: using a broad case capture method and multivariate controls for clinical and hospital variables, 2004-2013.
The objective of this study was to use a broad method of capturing sepsis cases to estimate 2004-2013 trends in in-hospital sepsis mortality rates by race/ethnicity. Mortality rates adjusted for patient characteristics were higher for all minority groups than for white patients. After adjusting for hospital characteristics, sepsis mortality rates in 2013 were similar for white, black, and Hispanic patients.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Jones JM, Fingar KR, Miller MA .
Racial disparities in sepsis-related in-hospital mortality: using a broad case capture method and multivariate controls for clinical and hospital variables, 2004-2013.
Crit Care Med 2017 Dec;45(12):e1209-e17. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000002699.
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Keywords: Disparities, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Mortality, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sepsis
Saeed MJ, Turner TE, Brown DL
Trends in inferior vena cava filter placement by indication in the United States from 2005 to 2014.
This study examined trends in inpatient inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement overall and by indication from 2005 to 2014. The IVC filter placement rate per 100 000 hospitalizations increased from 322.1 (n = 99 779) in 2005 to 412.0 (n = 129 026) in 2010, decreased to 374.1 (n = 117 731) in 2011, and continued declining to 321.8 (n = 95 735) in 2014. The percentage of prophylactic IVC filter placement decreased from 28.9 percent in 2005 to 22.6 percent in 2014.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Saeed MJ, Turner TE, Brown DL .
Trends in inferior vena cava filter placement by indication in the United States from 2005 to 2014.
JAMA Intern Med 2017 Dec;177(12):1861-62. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5960.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Surgery
Heslin KC, Owens PL, Karaca Z
AHRQ Author: Heslin KC; Owens PL; Karaca Z; Elixhauser A
Trends in opioid-related inpatient stays shifted after the US transitioned to ICD-10-CM diagnosis coding in 2015.
This study examines how trend analyses of inpatient stays involving opioid diagnoses were affected by the transition to ICD-10-CM. It found a sharp increase in opioid-related stays overall during the transition to ICD-10-CM. This may indicate that the new classification system is capturing stays that were missed by ICD-9-CM data.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Heslin KC, Owens PL, Karaca Z .
Trends in opioid-related inpatient stays shifted after the US transitioned to ICD-10-CM diagnosis coding in 2015.
Med Care 2017 Nov;55(11):918-23. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000805.
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Keywords: Critical Care, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Davies S, Schultz E, Raven M
AHRQ Author: Stocks C
Development and validation of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Measures of Potentially Preventable Emergency Department (ED) Visits: the ED Prevention Quality Indicators for general health conditions.
The researchers sought to develop and validate rates of potentially preventable emergency department (ED) visits as indicators of community health. ED Prevention Quality Indicators (PQI) rates varied widely across U.S. communities. Indicator rates were significantly associated with county-level poverty, median income, Medicaid insurance, and levels of uninsurance. A few indicators were significantly associated with PCP density, with higher rates in areas with greater density.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 2902012000031.
Citation: Davies S, Schultz E, Raven M .
Development and validation of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Measures of Potentially Preventable Emergency Department (ED) Visits: the ED Prevention Quality Indicators for general health conditions.
Health Serv Res 2017 Oct;52(5):1667-84. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12687.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Emergency Department, Quality Indicators (QIs), Patient Safety, Prevention
Tedesco D, Asch SM, Curtin C
Opioid abuse and poisoning: trends in inpatient and emergency department discharges.
This study analyzed national trends in inpatient and emergency department (ED) discharges for opioid abuse, dependence, and poisoning using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project data.
AHRQ-funded; HS024096.
Citation: Tedesco D, Asch SM, Curtin C .
Opioid abuse and poisoning: trends in inpatient and emergency department discharges.
Health Aff 2017 Oct;36(10):1748-53. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0260..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Discharge, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Zenga J, Suko J, Kallogjeri D
Postoperative hemorrhage and hospital revisit after transoral robotic surgery.
The researchers investigated the incidence and complications related to postoperative hemorrhage (POH) after transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Using HCUP data, they found that the incidence of POH after TORS was low, and few of these patients had a severe complication related to this event. Medical comorbidity and tonsillar subsite may be independent risk factors for POH.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Zenga J, Suko J, Kallogjeri D .
Postoperative hemorrhage and hospital revisit after transoral robotic surgery.
Laryngoscope 2017 Oct;127(10):2287-92. doi: 10.1002/lary.26626.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery, Adverse Events, Risk
Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
This retrospective cohort study used 2006-2012 data from the State Inpatient Database of eight geographically-diverse US states (Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, New York, Utah, and Washington) to examine 30-day readmissions in patients hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In their analysis of all-payer population-based data, the authors found sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission in patients hospitalized for COPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K .
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
Respir Med 2017 Oct;131:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.056..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospital Readmissions, Sex Factors
Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
The researchers sought to explore sex and race differences in the utilization of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at primary stroke centers (PSCs) compared to non-PSCs across the US. They found that women are less likely to receive rt-PA than men at both PSCs and non-PSCs. Absolute treatment rates are lowest in black women.
AHRQ-funded; HS17960; HS018362; HS013852.
Citation: Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE .
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
Front Neurol 2017 Sep 27;8:500. Original Research. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00500.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Stroke
Davidov DM, Davis SM, Zhu M
AHRQ Author: Stocks C
Intimate partner violence-related hospitalizations in Appalachia and the non-Appalachian United States.
The objective of this study was to estimate the rate of intimate partner violence -related hospitalizations in Appalachia and the non-Appalachian United States for 2007-2011 and compare hospitalizations in each region by clinical and sociodemographic factors.. After adjusting for age and rurality, Appalachian counties had a 22 percent higher hospitalization rate than non-Appalachian counties.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Davidov DM, Davis SM, Zhu M .
Intimate partner violence-related hospitalizations in Appalachia and the non-Appalachian United States.
PLoS One 2017 Sep 8;12(9):e0184222. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184222.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Domestic Violence, Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health, Rural Health
Kwa MC, Ardalan K, Laumann AE
Predictors of hospitalization, length of stay and costs of care among adults with dermatomyositis in the United States.
The researchers sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors for hospitalization with dermatomyositis and to assess inpatient burden of dermatomyositis. They concluded that there is a significant and increasing inpatient burden for dermatomyositis in the US. Also, there appear to be racial differences as non-whites have higher prevalence of admission, increased length of stay and cost of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kwa MC, Ardalan K, Laumann AE .
Predictors of hospitalization, length of stay and costs of care among adults with dermatomyositis in the United States.
Arthritis Care Res 2017 Sep;69(9):1391-99. doi: 10.1002/acr.23190.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Health Insurance, Skin Conditions
Spector WD, Limcangco R, Furukawa MF
AHRQ Author: Spector WD, Limcangco R, Furukawa MF, Encinosa WE
The marginal costs of adverse drug events associated with exposures to anticoagulants and hypoglycemic agents during hospitalization.
The researchers estimated the marginal cost of care associated with anticoagulants and hypoglycemic agents for adults in 5 patient groups during their hospital stay and the total annual ADE costs for all patients exposed to these drugs during their stay. The 2013 hospital cost estimates for adverse drug events associated with anticoagulants and hypoglycemic agents were >$2.5 billion for each drug class.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Spector WD, Limcangco R, Furukawa MF .
The marginal costs of adverse drug events associated with exposures to anticoagulants and hypoglycemic agents during hospitalization.
Med Care 2017 Sep;55(9):856-63. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000780.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Blood Thinners, Hospitalization, Healthcare Costs
Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K
Trends in 30-day readmission rates after COPD hospitalization, 2006-2012.
This study investigated trends in 30-day readmission rates after chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related hospitalization. Overall, the 30-day readmission rate for COPD-related hospitalization decreased modestly from 20.0 percent in 2006 to 19.2 percent in 2012. Similar to the overall population, the readmission rate over the 7-year period remained persistently high in most of AHRQ-defined priority populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K .
Trends in 30-day readmission rates after COPD hospitalization, 2006-2012.
Respir Med 2017 Sep;130:92-97. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.058.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations
Leshem E, Tate JE, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner. CA
National estimates of reductions in acute gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and associated costs in US children after implementation of rotavirus vaccines.
The study compared acute gastroenteritis (AGE)-related hospitalization rates among children <5 years of age during the pre-rotavirus vaccine (2000-2006) and post-rotavirus vaccine (2008-2013) periods to estimate national reductions in AGE-related hospitalizations and associated costs.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Leshem E, Tate JE, Steiner CA .
National estimates of reductions in acute gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and associated costs in US children after implementation of rotavirus vaccines.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2017 Aug 17;7(3):257-60. doi: 10.1093/jpids/pix057..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Vaccination
Vouri SM, Olsen MA, Theodoro D
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.
The prevalence of conditions associated with urinary catheterization (UC) visits in men and women were identified. The rate of UC in treated-and-released ED visits was higher in men than women, and UC rate increased with age. The heterogeneity of conditions coded in UC visits in women compared with men may suggest more potentially avoidable UC in women in the treated-and-released ED population.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Vouri SM, Olsen MA, Theodoro D .
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.
Am J Infect Control 2017 Aug;45(8):905-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.02.025.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Sex Factors
Berry JG, Ash AS, Cohen E
Contributions of children with multiple chronic conditions to pediatric hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Researchers assessed how much of US pediatric inpatient care is used by children with multiple chronic conditions (CMCC) and which chronic conditions are the key drivers of hospital use. CMCC accounted for over one-fourth of acute-care hospitalizations and one-half of all hospital dollars for US pediatric care in 2012. Substantial CMCC hospital resource use involves children with mental health-related conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023092.
Citation: Berry JG, Ash AS, Cohen E .
Contributions of children with multiple chronic conditions to pediatric hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Hosp Pediatr 2017 Jul;7(7):365-72. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2016-0179.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Healthcare Costs, Behavioral Health
Moore BJ, White S, Washington R
AHRQ Author: Elixhauser A
Identifying increased risk of readmission and in-hospital mortality using hospital administrative data: the AHRQ Elixhauser Comorbidity Index.
The researchers extended the literature on comorbidity measurement by developing 2 indices, based on the Elixhauser Comorbidity measures, designed to predict 2 frequently reported health outcomes: in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmission in administrative data. The index scores performed as well as using all 29 Elixhauser comorbidity variables separately.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Moore BJ, White S, Washington R .
Identifying increased risk of readmission and in-hospital mortality using hospital administrative data: the AHRQ Elixhauser Comorbidity Index.
Med Care 2017 Jul;55(7):698-705. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000735.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Mortality, Risk
Ballard TNS, Zhong L, Momoh AO
Improved rates of immediate breast reconstruction at safety net hospitals.
Although disparities in receipt of breast reconstruction persist at the patient level, the extent to which hospital factors contribute to these differences remains unclear. This study concluded that, after accounting for sociodemographic factors, women undergoing mastectomies at safety net hospitals remain less likely to undergo immediate breast reconstruction. However, the differences in rates of reconstruction between safety net and non-safety net hospitals have narrowed over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Ballard TNS, Zhong L, Momoh AO .
Improved rates of immediate breast reconstruction at safety net hospitals.
Plast Reconstr Surg 2017 Jul;140(1):1-10. doi: 10.1097/prs.0000000000003412.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Surgery
Narla S, Hsu DY, Thyssen JP
Inpatient financial burden of atopic dermatitis in the United States.
Little is known about the inpatient burden of atopic dermatitis (AD). The researchers sought to determine some risk factors and financial-burden of hospitalizations for AD in the US. They found that the high prevalence of hospitalization resulted in total inpatient costs of $8,288,083 per-year for adults and $3,333,868 per-year for children. In conclusion, there is a substantial inpatient financial-burden of AD in the US.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Narla S, Hsu DY, Thyssen JP .
Inpatient financial burden of atopic dermatitis in the United States.
J Invest Dermatol 2017 Jul;137(7):1461-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.975.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Skin Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Hospitalization
Ibrahim AM, Ghaferi AA, Thumma JR
Variation in outcomes at bariatric surgery centers of excellence.
This review describes the variation in surgical outcomes across bariatric centers of excellence and the geographic availability of high-quality centers. Even among accredited bariatric surgery centers, wide variation exists in rates of postoperative serious complications across geographic location and operative volumes.
AHRQ-funded; HS02362; HS024403.
Citation: Ibrahim AM, Ghaferi AA, Thumma JR .
Variation in outcomes at bariatric surgery centers of excellence.
JAMA Surg 2017 Jul;152(7):629-36. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0542.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Obesity, Surgery, Outcomes, Adverse Events
Nuckols TK, Fingar KR, Barrett M
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA, Stocks C, Owens PL
The shifting landscape in utilization of inpatient, observation, and emergency department services across payers.
Using data from four states from AHRQ’s Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, this study compared the payer-specific population-based rates of adults using inpatient, observation, and emergency department (ED) services for 10 common medical conditions in 2009 and in 2013. Inpatient admissions declined, and care shifted toward treat-and-release observation stays and ED visits. The percentage of hospitalizations that began with an observation stay increased.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Nuckols TK, Fingar KR, Barrett M .
The shifting landscape in utilization of inpatient, observation, and emergency department services across payers.
J Hosp Med 2017 Jun;12(6):443-46. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2751.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Utilization, Hospitalization, Payment
Jacobs BL, He C, Li BY
Variation in readmission expenditures after high-risk surgery.
The researchers sought to investigate readmission intensity as measured by readmission cost for high-risk surgeries and examine predictors of higher readmission costs. They found that the 30-day readmission rate was 16 percent for major chest and 22 percent for major abdominal surgery. Discharge to a skilled nursing facility was associated with higher readmission costs for both chest and abdominal surgeries.
AHRQ-funded; HS024403; HS023621.
Citation: Jacobs BL, He C, Li BY .
Variation in readmission expenditures after high-risk surgery.
J Surg Res 2017 Jun 1;213:60-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.017.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery, Hospital Readmissions, Healthcare Costs, Risk