National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (7)
- (-) Adverse Events (71)
- Antibiotics (2)
- Back Health and Pain (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Brain Injury (1)
- Cancer (6)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (7)
- Care Management (2)
- Children/Adolescents (7)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Communication (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (7)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1)
- Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) (1)
- Critical Care (2)
- Dementia (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Dialysis (1)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- Elderly (4)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (7)
- Guidelines (2)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (5)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (5)
- Healthcare Delivery (2)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Health Insurance (1)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (4)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (5)
- Hospitals (6)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (3)
- Inpatient Care (2)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (5)
- Kidney Disease and Health (6)
- Labor and Delivery (6)
- Low-Income (1)
- Maternal Care (3)
- Medicaid (1)
- Medical Devices (2)
- Medication (9)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Men's Health (1)
- Mortality (9)
- Neurological Disorders (2)
- Newborns/Infants (7)
- Obesity (5)
- Obesity: Weight Management (3)
- Opioids (1)
- (-) Outcomes (71)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (19)
- Patient Safety (20)
- Practice Patterns (3)
- Pregnancy (6)
- Prevention (3)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Public Reporting (2)
- Quality Improvement (3)
- Quality Measures (1)
- Quality of Care (3)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Registries (3)
- Respiratory Conditions (3)
- Risk (13)
- Rural Health (1)
- Sepsis (2)
- Simulation (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Surgery (35)
- Surveys on Patient Safety Culture (1)
- Teams (2)
- TeamSTEPPS (1)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- Training (1)
- Transitions of Care (1)
- Transplantation (3)
- Trauma (1)
- Treatments (4)
- Uninsured (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (6)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 71 Research Studies DisplayedEhmann MR, Mitchell J, Levin S
Renal outcomes following intravenous contrast administration in patients with acute kidney injury: a multi-site retrospective propensity-adjusted analysis.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between intravenous contrast media (CM) administration and persistent acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with pre-existing AKI. The researchers used propensity-weighted and entropy-balanced observational cohort analysis of consecutive hospitalized patients aged 18 years or older who met the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) creatinine-based criteria for AKI upon arrival at one of three emergency departments between 7/ 2017 and 6/2021. Patients either received or did not receive intravenous CM. The analysis included 14,449 patient encounters, with 12.8% admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The study found that CM was administered in 18.4% of all encounters. AKI resolved before hospital discharge in 69.1% of cases. No association between intravenous CM administration and persistent AKI was found after unadjusted multivariable logistic regression modeling, propensity weighting, and entropy balancing. Similar results were obtained from sub-group analysis of patients admitted to the ICU. Initiation of dialysis within 180 days occurred in 5.4% of the cohort, with no observed association between CM administration and increased risk of dialysis within this timeframe.
AHRQ-funded; HS027793; HS02664002.
Citation: Ehmann MR, Mitchell J, Levin S .
Renal outcomes following intravenous contrast administration in patients with acute kidney injury: a multi-site retrospective propensity-adjusted analysis.
Intensive Care Med 2023 Feb; 49(2):205-15. doi: 10.1007/s00134-022-06966-w..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Outcomes
Pineles BL, Harris AD, Goodman KE
Adverse maternal and delivery outcomes in children and very young (age ≤13 years) US adolescents compared with older adolescents and adults.
This study compared adverse maternal and delivery outcomes of pregnant 10- to 13-year-olds vs 14- to 17-year-olds and 18- to 19-year-olds. This cross-sectional study looked at all patients aged 10 to 19 years who delivered at hospitals in the Premier Healthcare Database from January 2019 through May 2021. The study included 90,876 deliveries across 655 US hospitals. Controlling for patient race and ethnicity, insurance type, and obesity status: 10- to 13-year-olds had significantly higher risks of preterm delivery and cesarean delivery compared with 14- to 17-year-olds. The risk of preeclampsia was not higher for 10- to 13-year-olds compared to 14- to 17-year-olds. There was a higher risk of preterm delivery for 10- to 13-year-olds compared to 18- to 19-year-olds, but not significantly different for cesarean delivery and preeclampsia.
AHRQ-funded; HS028363.
Citation: Pineles BL, Harris AD, Goodman KE .
Adverse maternal and delivery outcomes in children and very young (age ≤13 years) US adolescents compared with older adolescents and adults.
JAMA 2022 Nov 1;328(17):1766-68. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.18340..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, Women, Outcomes, Adverse Events, Maternal Care
Howard R, Johnson E, Berlin NL
Hospital and surgeon variation in 30-day complication rates after ventral hernia repair.
Researchers analyzed variability in 30-day complication rates and identified specific complications that contributed to this variability after ventral hernia repair. They found that, after adjusting for a number of patient-specific clinical variables, there was significant variation in 30-day complication rates after ventral hernia repair, representing a significant opportunity to improve patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025778.
Citation: Howard R, Johnson E, Berlin NL .
Hospital and surgeon variation in 30-day complication rates after ventral hernia repair.
Am J Surg 2021 Aug;222(2):417-23. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.12.021..
Keywords: Surgery, Adverse Events, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Amin AP, Rao SV, Seto AH
Transradial access for high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention: implications of the risk-treatment paradox.
The study’s objective was to examine whether the association between transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; TRI) use versus transfemoral PCI (TFI) and in-hospital outcomes is influenced by baseline risk. TRI was found to reduce adverse outcomes when compared with TFI. The authors analyzed 28,005 PCIs performed in a 7-hospital system between July 2009 and April 2018. TRI use increased over time. However a risk-treatment paradox for TRI use was observed not only for bleeding risk, but for acute kidney injury (AKI) and death. The absolute risk difference between TRI and TFI increased with increasing baseline risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS022481.
Citation: Amin AP, Rao SV, Seto AH .
Transradial access for high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention: implications of the risk-treatment paradox.
Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2021 Jul;14(7):e009328. doi: 10.1161/circinterventions.120.009328..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Adverse Events, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Dworsky JQ, Shellito AD, Childers CP
Association of geriatric events with perioperative outcomes after elective inpatient surgery.
Researchers investigated the prevalence and association of geriatric events (GEs) with clinical outcomes after elective surgery. Using National Inpatient Sample data, they found that, compared to admissions with no GEs, one or more GEs were associated with higher probability of worse outcomes including mortality, postoperative complications, prolonged length of stay, and discharge to a skilled nursing facility. They recommended efforts focusing on mutable factors responsible for GEs in order to optimize surgical care for older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Dworsky JQ, Shellito AD, Childers CP .
Association of geriatric events with perioperative outcomes after elective inpatient surgery.
J Surg Res 2021 Mar;259:192-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.11.011..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Elderly, Surgery, Adverse Events, Outcomes
Kohn R, Harhay MO, Bayes B
Influence of bedspacing on outcomes of hospitalised medicine service patients: a retrospective cohort study.
The objective of this cohort study was to assess the association of bedspacing with patient-centered outcomes among United States patients admitted to general medicine services. The study compared internal medicine, family medicine and geriatric service patients who were bedspaced versus cohorted for the entirety of their hospital stay within three large, urban hospitals. Findings showed that bedspacing was associated with adverse patient-centered outcomes. Recommendations for future work included a need to confirm these findings, to understand mechanisms contributing to adverse outcomes, and to identify factors that mitigate these adverse effects in order to provide high-value, patient-centered care to hospitalized patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Kohn R, Harhay MO, Bayes B .
Influence of bedspacing on outcomes of hospitalised medicine service patients: a retrospective cohort study.
BMJ Qual Saf 2021 Feb;30(2):116-22. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-010675..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Inpatient Care, Hospitals, Healthcare Delivery, Care Management, Adverse Events
Ing C, Jackson WM, Zaccariello MJ
Prospectively assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in studies of anaesthetic neurotoxicity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis tried to answer the question whether exposure to a single general anesthetic (GA) in early childhood causes long-term neurodevelopmental problems. Databases searched from inception to October 2019 were PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Outcomes common to at least three studies were evaluated using a random-effects meta-analyses. A total of 841 out of 1644 children who had a single exposure to GA were evaluated. Findings were that there were statistically significant increases in parent reports of behavioral problems but no difference in general intelligence.
AHRQ-funded; HS026493.
Citation: Ing C, Jackson WM, Zaccariello MJ .
Prospectively assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in studies of anaesthetic neurotoxicity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Br J Anaesth 2021 Feb;126(2):433-44. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.10.022..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Neurological Disorders, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Li K, Ferguson T, Embil J
Risk of kidney failure, death, and cardiovascular events after lower limb complications in patients with CKD.
Investigators sought to determine how interim lower limb complications modify the subsequent risk of progression to kidney failure, all-cause mortality before kidney failure, and cardiovascular events in a cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G3 to G5. Patient-level data obtained from several administrative databases from Manitoba, Canada, were analyzed. They found that interim lower limb complications were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure, all-cause mortality before kidney failure, and cardiovascular-related hospitalization. They stated that clinical trials of screening and treatment strategies for patients with CKD at risk for lower limb complications may help determine optimal strategies to manage this risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS018574.
Citation: Li K, Ferguson T, Embil J .
Risk of kidney failure, death, and cardiovascular events after lower limb complications in patients with CKD.
Kidney Int Rep 2021 Feb;6(2):381-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.11.010..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk, Adverse Events, Mortality, Outcomes
Leifheit KM, Schwartz GL, Pollack CE
Severe housing insecurity during pregnancy: association with adverse birth and infant outcomes.
This study measured the association of severe housing insecurity with adverse birth and infant outcomes. Data was analyzed from 3248 mother-infant dyads enrolled in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. This prospective cohort study represented births in 20 large U.S. cities from 1998 to 2000. Severe housing insecurity was defined as threatened eviction or homelessness. Adverse outcomes included low birth weight and/or preterm birth, admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or stepdown facility, extended hospitalization after delivery, and infant health and temperament. There were statistically significant associations found between severe housing insecurity during pregnancy and low birth weight and/or preterm births. Housing insecurity and infant fair or poor health and poor temperament were not found to have statistically significant associations. Population attributable fraction (PAF) estimates suggested that up to 3% of adverse birth and infant outcomes could be avoided by eliminating severe housing insecurity among low-income, pregnant women.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Leifheit KM, Schwartz GL, Pollack CE .
Severe housing insecurity during pregnancy: association with adverse birth and infant outcomes.
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Nov 21;17(22):8659. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228659..
Keywords: Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, Vulnerable Populations, Outcomes, Adverse Events, Women, Low-Income, Newborns/Infants
Mentias A, Briasoulis A, Vaughan Sarrazin MS
Trends, perioperative adverse events, and survival of patients with left ventricular assist devices undergoing noncardiac surgery.
This longitudinal cohort study examined outcomes of noncardiac surgery (NCS) in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). This study examined patients enrolled in Medicare who had undergone durable LVAD implantation from January 2012 to November 2017 with follow-up through December 2017. Primary outcome after NCS was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as in-hospital or 30-day all-cause mortality, ischemic stroke, or intracerebral hemorrhage. Of the 8118 patients with LVAD, 1326 underwent NCS with 75.4% emergent or urgent, and 24.6% elective. Both elective and urgent or emergent NCS was associated with higher mortality early and late compared with patients with LVAD who did not undergo NCS.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Mentias A, Briasoulis A, Vaughan Sarrazin MS .
Trends, perioperative adverse events, and survival of patients with left ventricular assist devices undergoing noncardiac surgery.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Nov 2;3(11):e2025118. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25118..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Medical Devices, Chronic Conditions, Outcomes, Adverse Events
Slatnick LR, Thornhill D, Deakyne Davies
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in children in the emergency department with suspected sepsis.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of early disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) on illness severity in children using a database of emergency department ED encounters for children with suspected sepsis, in view of similar associations in adults. The investigators concluded that a DIC score of ≥3 was an independent predictor for both vasopressor use and mortality in this pediatric cohort, distinct from the adult overt DIC score cutoff of ≥5.
AHRQ-funded; HS025696.
Citation: Slatnick LR, Thornhill D, Deakyne Davies .
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in children in the emergency department with suspected sepsis.
J Pediatr 2020 Oct;225:198-206.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.06.022..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Sepsis, Adverse Events, Mortality, Patient Safety, Outcomes
Villa Zapata L, Hansten PD, Panic J
Risk of bleeding with exposure to warfarin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Warfarin use can trigger the occurrence of bleeding independently or as a result of a drug-drug interaction when used in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This article examines the risk of bleeding in individuals exposed to concomitant warfarin and NSAID compared with those taking warfarin alone. The investigators concluded that risk of bleeding was significantly increased among persons taking warfarin and a NSAID or COX-2 inhibitor together as compared with taking warfarin alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS025984.
Citation: Villa Zapata L, Hansten PD, Panic J .
Risk of bleeding with exposure to warfarin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Thromb Haemost 2020 Jul;120(7):1066-74. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710592..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Risk, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Fink HA, Linskens EJ, MacDonald R
Benefits and harms of prescription drugs and supplements for treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the benefits and harms of prescription drugs and supplements for treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia (CATD). Studies with low or medium risk of bias (ROB) were analyzed and rated. The analysis concluded there was a slight reduction in short-term cognitive decline with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantime, and cholinesterase inhibitors slightly reduced reported functional decline. There was mostly insufficient evidence on drug treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and on supplements for all outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500008I.
Citation: Fink HA, Linskens EJ, MacDonald R .
Benefits and harms of prescription drugs and supplements for treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia
Ann Intern Med 2020 May 19;172(10):656-68. doi: 10.7326/m19-3887..
Keywords: Elderly, Dementia, Neurological Disorders, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Treatments
Samples H, Williams AR, Crystal S
Impact of long-term buprenorphine treatment on adverse health care outcomes In Medicaid.
The optimal, or even minimum, duration of medication treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) needed to improve long-term outcomes has not been established empirically. As a result, health plans set potentially restrictive treatment standards to guide benefits and payment. To address this gap, the investigators used a National Quality Forum measure for OUD medication treatment duration (180 days) to examine the impact of longer treatment on health care outcomes within a key population of Medicaid enrollees.
AHRQ-funded; HS023258; HS021112.
Citation: Samples H, Williams AR, Crystal S .
Impact of long-term buprenorphine treatment on adverse health care outcomes In Medicaid.
Impact of long-term buprenorphine treatment on adverse health care outcomes In Medicaid..
Keywords: Medication, Substance Abuse, Opioids, Medicaid, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Yuce TK, Khorfan R, Soper NJ
Post-operative complications and readmissions associated with smoking following bariatric surgery.
The link between smoking and poor postoperative outcomes is well established. Despite this, current smokers are still offered bariatric surgery. In this study, the investigators describe the risk of postoperative 30-day complications and readmission following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-En-Y gastric bypass in smokers. The investigators concluded that smokers undergoing bariatric surgery experienced significantly worse 30-day outcomes when compared with non-smokers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Yuce TK, Khorfan R, Soper NJ .
Post-operative complications and readmissions associated with smoking following bariatric surgery.
J Gastrointest Surg 2020 Mar;24(3):525-30. doi: 10.1007/s11605-019-04488-3..
Keywords: Surgery, Tobacco Use, Adverse Events, Hospital Readmissions, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Risk, Outcomes
Bath J, Kruse RL, Smith JB
Association of postoperative glycemic control with outcomes after carotid procedures.
This study evaluated the relationship between suboptimal glucose control and adverse outcomes after carotid procedures. Patients admitted for elective carotid procedures from 2008-2015 were identified from the Cerner Healthfacts VR database using ICD-9-CM codes. Out of 4287 patients, 87% had optimal postoperative glucose control (80-180 mg/dL). Patients with suboptimal glucose control experienced higher stroke rates, more cardiac complications, longer hospital stays, higher rates of infection, and more complications overall than patients with optimal glucose control.
AHRQ-funded; HS022140.
Citation: Bath J, Kruse RL, Smith JB .
Association of postoperative glycemic control with outcomes after carotid procedures.
Vascular 2020 Feb;28(1):16-24. doi: 10.1177/1708538119866528..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Hu QL, Liu JB, Ellis RJ
Association of preoperative biliary drainage technique with postoperative outcomes among patients with resectable hepatobiliary malignancy.
Endoscopic biliary stenting (EBS) and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) are two techniques used for preoperative biliary drainage prior to hepatobiliary resection. The objectives of this study were to determine predictors of the drainage technique selection and to evaluate the association between drainage technique and postoperative outcomes. The investigators concluded that patients undergoing hepatobiliary resection selected for PTBD had significantly more preoperative co-morbidities and nutritional deficits. Compared to EBS, PTBD was associated with significantly higher odds of postoperative morbidity and mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385; 233201500020I.
Citation: Hu QL, Liu JB, Ellis RJ .
Association of preoperative biliary drainage technique with postoperative outcomes among patients with resectable hepatobiliary malignancy.
HPB 2020 Feb;22(2):249-57. doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2019.06.011..
Keywords: Cancer, Surgery, Adverse Events, Outcomes
McIsaac DI, Taljaard M, Bryson GL
Frailty as a predictor of death or new disability after surgery: a prospective cohort study.
The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the modified Fried Index (mFI) and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) to predict death or patient-reported new disability 90 days after major elective surgery. Results showed that older people with frailty are significantly more likely to die or experience a new patient-reported disability after surgery and that although accuracy was similar, the CFS, compared to the mFI, was easier to use and feasibility was higher.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: McIsaac DI, Taljaard M, Bryson GL .
Frailty as a predictor of death or new disability after surgery: a prospective cohort study.
Ann Surg 2020 Feb;271(2):283-89. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002967..
Keywords: Elderly, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Mortality, Adverse Events, Risk, Outcomes
Hoffman KE, Penson DF, Zhao Z
Patient-reported outcomes through 5 years for active surveillance, surgery, brachytherapy, or external beam radiation with or without androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer.
This study compared different treatment of men with favorable-risk prostate cancer and those with unfavorable-risk disease and their functional outcomes 5 years post-treatment. Treatment options for favorable-risk disease include active surveillance, nerve-sparing prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), or low-dose-rate brachytherapy with prostatectomy being the most common. Treatment options for men with unfavorable-risk disease is prostatectomy or EBRT with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The cohort analyzed included men diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2011 through 2012, accrued from 5 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program sites and a US prostate cancer registry, using surveys through September 2017. A total of 2005 men met inclusion criteria. For men with favorable-risk disease low-dose-rate brachytherapy was associated with worse urinary irritative, and sexual and bowel function at 1 year compared with active surveillance. Nerve-sparing prostatectomy was associated with worse urinary incontinence at 5 years and sexual function at 3 years compared with active surveillance. EBRT was not associated with clinically different function changes from active surveillance at any point during the 5 years. For men with unfavorable-risk disease, EBRT with ADT was associated with lower hormonal function at 6 months, bowel function at 1 year, but better sexual function and incontinence than prostatectomy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation: Hoffman KE, Penson DF, Zhao Z .
Patient-reported outcomes through 5 years for active surveillance, surgery, brachytherapy, or external beam radiation with or without androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer.
JAMA 2020 Jan 14;323(2):149-63. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.20675..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Treatments, Men's Health, Adverse Events, Surgery
Patek TM, Teng C, Kennedy KE
Comparing acute kidney injury reports among antibiotics: a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
A study using the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) found significant acute kidney injury (AKI) reporting associations with vancomycin, fluoroquinolones, penicillin combinations, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Other antibiotics may also lead to AKI, but no study has systemically compared AKI reporting associations for many available antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reporting associations between AKI and many available antibiotics using FAERS.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Patek TM, Teng C, Kennedy KE .
Comparing acute kidney injury reports among antibiotics: a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Drug Saf 2020 Jan;43(1):17-22. doi: 10.1007/s40264-019-00873-8..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Antibiotics, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Kanters AE, Shubeck SP, Varban OA
Incidence and efficacy of stent placement in leak management after bariatric surgery: an MBSAQIP analysis.
The goal of this study was to evaluate the rates of use and efficacy of stent placement for postoperative leak following bariatric surgery. Using data from the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program, findings showed that the use of stents can be effective; however, such use does not prevent reoperation and is associated with an increased likelihood of readmission. Recommendations included consideration of both technique and resource utilization when choosing a management pathway for leaks.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053; HS023597.
Citation: Kanters AE, Shubeck SP, Varban OA .
Incidence and efficacy of stent placement in leak management after bariatric surgery: an MBSAQIP analysis.
Ann Surg 2020 Jan;271(1):134-39. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003023..
Keywords: Surgery, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Outcomes
Leeds IL, Canner JK, Gani F
Increased healthcare utilization for medical comorbidities prior to surgery improves postoperative outcomes.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of optimization of preoperative comorbidities by nonsurgical clinicians on short-term postoperative outcomes. Findings demonstrated an association between the use of nonsurgical clinician visits by comorbid patients prior to surgery and a significantly lower rate of complications. Recommendations included the prospective study of preoperative optimization as a potential mechanism for improving postoperative outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736.
Citation: Leeds IL, Canner JK, Gani F .
Increased healthcare utilization for medical comorbidities prior to surgery improves postoperative outcomes.
Ann Surg 2020 Jan;271(1):114-21. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002851..
Keywords: Surgery, Outcomes, Healthcare Utilization, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Adverse Events
Dworsky JQ, Childers CP, Copeland T
Geriatric events among older adults undergoing nonelective surgery are associated with poor outcomes.
This study analyzed the rate of geriatric events (GEs): delirium, dehydration, falls/fractures, failure to thrive, and pressure ulcers) with older adults undergoing nonelective surgery. The 2013 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample was used to analyze nonelective admissions for 5 common operations: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, colectomy, soft tissue debridgement, small bowel resection, and laparoscopic appendectomy in adults aged 65 years and older and a younger referent group (aged 55-65 years). Logistic regression estimated the association of age and outcomes with GEs. Having any GE was found to be associated with higher probability of all outcomes including mortality, postoperative complications, prolonged length of stay, and skilled nursing facility discharge.
AHRQ-funded; HS00046; HS025079.
Citation: Dworsky JQ, Childers CP, Copeland T .
Geriatric events among older adults undergoing nonelective surgery are associated with poor outcomes.
Am Surg 2019 Oct;85(10):1089-93..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Elderly, Surgery, Adverse Events, Outcomes
Chopra V, Kaatz S, Swaminathan L
Variation in use and outcomes related to midline catheters: results from a multicentre pilot study.
This study examined complication rates from placement of midline vascular catheters. They have become more common in use recently. Complications were analyzed using medical records from hospitalized patients in 12 hospitals from January 2017 to February 2018. Most midline catheters were placed in general ward settings for difficult intravenous access. About half were removed within 5 days of insertion. Major or minor complications occurred in 10.3% of midlines with minor complications accounting for 71% of all adverse events. These minor complications included dislodgement, leaking, and infiltration. Major complications included occlusion, upper-extremity DVT and BSI. Use of midlines and outcomes varied widely across hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS025891.
Citation: Chopra V, Kaatz S, Swaminathan L .
Variation in use and outcomes related to midline catheters: results from a multicentre pilot study.
BMJ Qual Saf 2019 Sep;28(9):714-20. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008554..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Adverse Events, Practice Patterns, Outcomes, Hospitals
Sheetz KH, Woodside KJ, Shahinian VB
Trends in bariatric surgery procedures among patients with ESKD in the United States.
This study examined trends in bariatric surgery among patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the United States. There was an almost ninefold increase in surgery between 2006 and 2016 for ESKD patients and also for sleeve gastrectomy surgery. ESKD patients showed similar complication rates compared with non-ESKD patients, but there were more readmissions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023597; HS000053.
Citation: Sheetz KH, Woodside KJ, Shahinian VB .
Trends in bariatric surgery procedures among patients with ESKD in the United States.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2019 Aug 7;14(8):1193-99. doi: 10.2215/cjn.01480219..
Keywords: Obesity, Surgery, Kidney Disease and Health, Obesity: Weight Management, Hospital Readmissions, Adverse Events, Outcomes