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Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Care Management (1)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (2)
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- Provider: Clinician (1)
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- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Teams (1)
- Transitions of Care (1)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Workflow (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 23 of 23 Research Studies DisplayedWilliams M, Coppin JD, Bender M
Predictors of Clinical Nurse Leader implementation success across a national sample of settings: a Bayesian multilevel modeling analysis.
The aim of this study was to examine and compare patterns of empirical correspondence to the Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) Practice Model and predict their influence on implementation success. The researchers conducted a secondary analysis of a 2015 national-level study with clinicians and administrators involved with CNL initiatives in their health system. A total of 920 participants responded, with 59% providing success scores. The variability around success score across CNL Practice Model element ratings was largest at the component level compared to either the domain level or the item level. The components most predictive of implementation success were (a) consensus CNL model can close gaps, (b) organization level implementation strategy, and (c) alignment of empirical CNL microsystem level structuring to the model's conceptualization.
AHRQ-funded; HS027181.
Citation: Williams M, Coppin JD, Bender M .
Predictors of Clinical Nurse Leader implementation success across a national sample of settings: a Bayesian multilevel modeling analysis.
J Nurs Scholarsh 2023 Nov; 55(6):1238-47. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12926..
Keywords: Nursing, Healthcare Delivery, Provider: Nurse
Huff NR, Chimowitz H, DelPico MA
The consequences of emotionally evocative patient behaviors on emergency nurses' patient assessments and handoffs: an experimental study using simulated patient cases.
The purpose of this experimental vignette research study was to explore the impact of emotionally evocative patient behavior and mental illness on 130 emergency nurses' emotions, patient assessments, testing advocacy, and written handoffs. The researchers asked the nurses to complete four multimedia computer-simulated patient encounters in which patient behavior (irritable vs. calm) and mental illness (present vs. absent) were purposely varied. The nurses recorded their emotions and clinical evaluations, recommended diagnostic tests, and provided written handoffs. The study found that the nurses experienced greater negative emotions (anger, unease) and reported decreased engagement when evaluating patients demonstrating irritable (vs. calm) behavior. Nurses also considered patients with irritable (vs. calm) behavior as more likely to exaggerate their pain and as poorer historians, and as less likely to cooperate, return to work, and recover. Nurses' handoffs were more likely to include negative descriptions of patients with irritable (vs. calm) behavior and exclude specific clinical information. The existence of mental illness increased unease and sadness and lead to nurses being less likely to recommend a needed test for a correct diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS025752.
Citation: Huff NR, Chimowitz H, DelPico MA .
The consequences of emotionally evocative patient behaviors on emergency nurses' patient assessments and handoffs: an experimental study using simulated patient cases.
Int J Nurs Stud 2023 Jul; 143:104507. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104507..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Behavioral Health, Nursing, Workflow
Saucke MC, Alagoz E, Arroyo N
The invisible work of transfer centre nurses: a qualitative study of strategies to overcome communication challenges.
The objective of this study was to explore the role of transfer center nurses and their strategies to facilitate communication between providers during calls related to interhospital transfers. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 17 transfer center nurses at one tertiary medical center and asked them to describe their work. The results indicated that transfer center nurses employed multiple strategies to overcome communication challenges; providers' lack of knowledge of the nurses' role can impede respectful and efficient transfer conversations. The researchers concluded that interventions to support and optimize the transfer center nurses' critical work are needed.
AHRQ-funded; HS025224.
Citation: Saucke MC, Alagoz E, Arroyo N .
The invisible work of transfer centre nurses: a qualitative study of strategies to overcome communication challenges.
J Adv Nurs 2023 Jul; 79(7):2539-52. doi: 10.1111/jan.15603..
Keywords: Communication, Provider: Nurse, Nursing
Hansen CJ, Rayo MF, Patterson ES
Perceptually discriminating the highest priority alarms reduces response time: a retrospective pre-post study at four hospitals.
Emergency alarms are the most urgent of hospital alarms, necessitating immediate attention and action to address a dangerous situation. These alarms are triggered by clinicians and have greater positive predictive value (PPV). High-priority alarms are different from emergency alarms, are automatically triggered, and have lower PPV. The purpose of this retrospective pre-post study was to decrease nurse response time for emergency alarms and high-priority alarms by improving the discernability between emergency alarms and all other alarms, as well as by suppressing redundant and false alarms in a secondary alarm notification system (SANS). The researchers analyzed data 15 months prior to and 25 months after a SANS redesign was implemented in four hospitals. For emergency alarms, the researchers integrated digitized human speech features to distinguish the emergency alarms from the automatically triggered alarms, leaving their onset and escalation pathways unaltered. The researchers suppressed some of the automatically triggered alarms by delaying their initial onset and escalation by 20 seconds. The study found that response time for emergency alarms decreased at all hospitals ad the improvements were sustained. The use of automatically triggered alarms decreased 25.0%. Response time for the three automatically triggered cardiac alarms increased at the four hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS024379.
Citation: Hansen CJ, Rayo MF, Patterson ES .
Perceptually discriminating the highest priority alarms reduces response time: a retrospective pre-post study at four hospitals.
Hum Factors 2023 Jun; 65(4):636-50. doi: 10.1177/00187208211032870..
Keywords: Hospitals, Nursing
Lake ET, Staiger D, Smith JG
The association of missed nursing care with very low birthweight infant outcomes.
This study examined the association of missed nursing care and health outcomes of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The authors used 2016 hospital administrative discharge abstracts for VLBW newborns (n = 7,595) and NICU registered nurse survey responses (n = 6,963) from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. Mortality, morbidity, and length of stay (LOS) was examined in 190 sample hospitals from 19 states in all regions. There was a significant association between higher odds of bloodstream infection and longer LOS, but not mortality or severe intraventricular hemorrhage and missed nursing care.
AHRQ-funded; HS024918.
Citation: Lake ET, Staiger D, Smith JG .
The association of missed nursing care with very low birthweight infant outcomes.
Med Care Res Rev 2023 Jun; 80(3):293-302. doi: 10.1177/10775587221150950..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Quality Indicators (QIs), Nursing, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Healthcare Utilization, Quality of Care
Meddings J, Gibbons JB, Reale BK
The impact of nurse practitioner care and accountable care organization assignment on skilled nursing services and hospital readmissions.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Accountable Care Organizations (ACO) designation and nurse practitioners (NP) care delivery during skilled nursing facilities (SNF) visits and the relationship between NP care delivery during SNF visits and unplanned hospital readmissions. The researchers obtained a sample of 527,329 fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with 1 or more SNF stays between 2012 and 2017 and then measured the association between patient ACO designation and evaluation and management care delivered by NPs in addition to the association between evaluation and management services delivered by NPs and hospital readmissions. The study found that ACO beneficiaries were 1.26% points more likely to receive 1 or more E&M services delivered by an NP during their SNF visits. ACO-designated beneficiaries receiving most of their E&M services from NPs during their SNF visits were at a lower risk of readmission than ACO-attributed beneficiaries receiving no NP E&M care.
AHRQ-funded; HS024698.
Citation: Meddings J, Gibbons JB, Reale BK .
The impact of nurse practitioner care and accountable care organization assignment on skilled nursing services and hospital readmissions.
Med Care 2023 Jun; 61(6):341-48. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001826..
Keywords: Nursing, Provider: Nurse, Hospital Readmissions, Provider: Clinician
Wieben AM, Walden RL, Alreshidi BG
Data science implementation trends in nursing practice: a review of the 2021 literature.
The authors reviewed literature on the implementation of data science-driven applications focused on nurse-sensitive indicators to inform readers of trends in the nursing indicators, patient populations and settings of focus, and issues identified during the implementation of these tools. Their review showed that few studies reported on the implementation of applications focused on structural- or outcome-related nurse-sensitive indicators in 2021. They concluded that this gap in sharing implementation strategies needs to be addressed in order for these systems to be successfully adopted in health care settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Wieben AM, Walden RL, Alreshidi BG .
Data science implementation trends in nursing practice: a review of the 2021 literature.
Appl Clin Inform 2023 May; 14(3):585-93. doi: 10.1055/a-2088-2893..
Keywords: Nursing, Evidence-Based Practice
Hewner S, Smith E, Sullivan SS
Identifying high-need primary care patients using nursing knowledge and machine learning methods.
This study examined how patient cohorts generated by machine learning can be enhanced with clinical knowledge to increase translational value and provide a practical approach to patient segmentation based on a mix of medical, behavioral, and social factors. The authors used a primary care practice dataset (N=3438) of high need patients defined by practice criteria and parsed it to a subset population of patients with diabetes (n=1233). Three expert nurses selected variables for k-means cluster analysis using knowledge of critical factors for care coordination, and their knowledge was again applied to describe the psychosocial phenotypes in four prominent clusters, aligned with social and medical care plans. Four distinct clusters were used to create four cohorts including: (1) A large cluster of racially diverse female, non-English speakers with low medical complexity, and history of childhood illness; (2) A large cluster of English speakers with significant comorbidities (obesity and respiratory disease); (3) A small cluster of males with substance use disorder and significant comorbidities (mental health, liver and cardiovascular disease) who frequently visit the hospital; and (4) A moderate cluster of older, racially diverse patients with renal failure.
AHRQ-funded; HS028000.
Citation: Hewner S, Smith E, Sullivan SS .
Identifying high-need primary care patients using nursing knowledge and machine learning methods.
Appl Clin Inform 2023 May; 14(3):408-17. doi: 10.1055/a-2048-7343..
Keywords: Primary Care, Health Information Technology (HIT), Nursing
Zhong J, Simpson KR, Spetz J
Linking patient safety climate with missed nursing care in labor and delivery units: findings from the LaborRNs Survey.
The objective of this study was to explore the association of nurses' perceptions of patient safety climate with missed nursing care in labor and delivery (L&D) units. Nurse respondents were recruited via email distribution of an electronic survey; hospitals with L&D units were recruited from states with projected availability of 2018 state inpatient data. Measures included the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire Safety Climate Subscale and the Perinatal Missed Care Survey. The results suggested that improving safety climate through means such as better teamwork and communication may improve nursing care quality during labor and birth through decreasing missed nursing care. Strategies to reduce missed care may also conversely improve the safety climate.
AHRQ-funded; HS025715.
Citation: Zhong J, Simpson KR, Spetz J .
Linking patient safety climate with missed nursing care in labor and delivery units: findings from the LaborRNs Survey.
J Patient Saf 2023 Apr 1;19(3):166-72. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000001106.
Keywords: Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, Nursing, Patient Safety, Provider: Nurse
Sullivan CE, Day SW, Ivankova N
Establishing nursing-sensitive quality indicators for pediatric oncology: an international mixed methods Delphi study.
The purpose of this study was to create an initial core set of Nursing-sensitive indicators (NSIs) for international pediatric oncology nursing that would be important, actionable, and feasible to measure across different resource settings and countries. The researchers utilized purposive snowball sampling to identify 122 expert pediatric oncology nurses from 43 countries for participation. In round 1, the panelists identified five potential NSIs and constructs. These results were applied to round 2 in which panelists chose their top 10 NSIs and constructs and ranked them according to importance to patient care quality. Those results were then applied to round 3, in which panelists ranked the top 10 NSIs and constructs by order of importance for the particular population, then rated each NSI/Construct for actionability and feasibility of measurement. The study identified the preliminary core set of NSIs and constructs identified by the expert panel, and ranked them in the following order of importance: safe chemotherapy administration and handling, infection prevention/control, pediatric oncology nursing orientation program, early warning score system/recognition of patient deterioration, chemotherapy/biotherapy education/course, pain assessment/management, symptom assessment/management, patient and family education, palliative/end of life care, and continuing nursing education/competency. The study reported that all NSIs and constructs were rated as actionable; all constructs except palliative/end of life care were rated as feasible to measure. The researchers concluded that initial core NSIs and constructs offer improved insight into typical features of international pediatric oncology nursing practice that are important, actionable, and feasible for quality measurement.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Sullivan CE, Day SW, Ivankova N .
Establishing nursing-sensitive quality indicators for pediatric oncology: an international mixed methods Delphi study.
J Nurs Scholarsh 2023 Jan; 55(1):388-400. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12798..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality of Care, Nursing, Cancer
Bakken S, Reame N
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/springer/arnr/2016/00000034/00000001/art00013
The promise and potential perils of big data for advancing symptom management research in populations at risk for health disparities.
The purposes of this chapter are to (a) briefly summarize the current drivers for the use of big data in research; (b) describe the promise of big data and associated data science methods for advancing symptom management research; and (c) explicate the potential perils of big data and data science from the perspective of the ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, and justice.
AHRQ-funded; HS022961
Citation: Bakken S, Reame N .
The promise and potential perils of big data for advancing symptom management research in populations at risk for health disparities.
Annu Rev Nurs Res 2016;34:247-60. doi: 10.1891/0739-6686.34.247..
Keywords: Data, Disparities, Nursing, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Martsolf GR, Gibson TB, Benevent R
AHRQ Author: Jiang HJ, Stocks C
An examination of hospital nurse staffing and patient experience with care: Differences between cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates.
The researchers studied the association between hospital nurse staffing and Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores. After controlling for unobserved hospital characteristics, they found that the positive influences of increased nurse staffing levels and skill mix were relatively small in size and limited to a few measures of patients' inpatient experience.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Martsolf GR, Gibson TB, Benevent R .
An examination of hospital nurse staffing and patient experience with care: Differences between cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates.
Health Serv Res 2016 Dec;51(6):2221-41. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12462.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Nursing, Patient Experience, Patient Experience, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
Harrod M, Montoya A, Mody L
Challenges for nurses caring for individuals with peripherally inserted central catheters in skilled nursing facilities.
The researchers sought to understand the perceived preparedness of frontline nurses (registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs)), unit nurse managers, and skilled nursing facility (SNF) administrators in providing care for residents with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in SNFs. They noted differences between resident self-reported PICC concerns (quality of life) and those described by frontline nurses.
AHRQ-funded; HS019979; HS022835.
Citation: Harrod M, Montoya A, Mody L .
Challenges for nurses caring for individuals with peripherally inserted central catheters in skilled nursing facilities.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2016 Oct;64(10):2059-64. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14341.
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Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Communication, Nursing, Quality of Life, Transitions of Care
Grundy Q
"Whether something cool is good enough": the role of evidence, sales representatives and nurses' expertise in hospital purchasing decisions.
The author analyzed the ways that committee members constructed and evaluated a case for a product's value, concluding that purchasing committees need unique support that emphasizes local contexts and expertise, while maintaining rigor and minimizing bias. Grundy proposed a guiding framework to support this decision-making.
AHRQ-funded; HS022383.
Citation: Grundy Q .
"Whether something cool is good enough": the role of evidence, sales representatives and nurses' expertise in hospital purchasing decisions.
Soc Sci Med 2016 Sep;165:82-91. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.07.042.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Healthcare Costs, Hospitals, Nursing
Connor JA, Larson C, Baird J
Use of a pediatric cardiovascular nursing consortium for development and evaluation of quality measures: The C4-MNP experience.
The authors aimed to identify and develop standardized measures representative of pediatric nursing care of the cardiovascular patient for benchmarking within freestanding children's hospitals. The Consortium of Congenital Cardiac Care-Measurement of Nursing Practice members developed quality measures within working groups and then individually critiqued all drafted measures. The process resulted in 10 measures eligible for testing. The Consortium will continue with implementation and testing of each measure, supporting the development of benchmarks and the evaluation of the association of the measures with patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Connor JA, Larson C, Baird J .
Use of a pediatric cardiovascular nursing consortium for development and evaluation of quality measures: The C4-MNP experience.
J Pediatr Nurs 2016 Sep-Oct;31(5):471-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2016.04.010.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Cardiovascular Conditions, Nursing, Quality Measures, Hospitals
Poghosyan L, Liu J
Nurse practitioner autonomy and relationships with leadership affect teamwork in primary care practices: a cross-sectional survey.
The authors investigated whether nurse practitioner (NP) autonomy within primary care practices and the relationships they have with leadership affect teamwork between NPs and physicians. They concluded that NP autonomy and favorable relationships with leadership improve teamwork, and they recommended that policy and organizational change focus on promoting NP autonomy and improving the relationship between NPs and leadership to improve teamwork and consequently improve patient care and outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS020999.
Citation: Poghosyan L, Liu J .
Nurse practitioner autonomy and relationships with leadership affect teamwork in primary care practices: a cross-sectional survey.
J Gen Intern Med 2016 Jul;31(7):771-7. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3652-z.
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Keywords: Nursing, Organizational Change, Primary Care, Teams
Silber JH, Rosenbaum PR, McHugh MD
Comparison of the value of nursing work environments in hospitals across different levels of patient risk.
This study tested whether hospitals with better nursing work environments displayed better value than those with worse nursing. It found that hospitals with better nursing environments and above-average staffing levels were associated with better value (lower mortality with similar costs) compared with hospitals without nursing environment recognition and with below-average staffing, especially for higher-risk patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018338.
Citation: Silber JH, Rosenbaum PR, McHugh MD .
Comparison of the value of nursing work environments in hospitals across different levels of patient risk.
JAMA Surg 2016 Jun;151(6):527-36. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.4908.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Quality of Care, Nursing, Workforce
Navarra AM, Schlau R, Murray M
Assessing nursing care needs of children with complex medical conditions: The Nursing-Kids Intensity of Care Survey (N-KICS).
The researchers designed and tested the Nursing-Kids Intensity of Care Survey (N-KICS) tool and describe intensity of nursing care for children with complex medical conditions. Their psychometric evaluation confirmed an acceptable standard for reliability and validity and feasibility. Intensity scores were highest for nursing care related to infection control, medication administration, nutrition, diaper changes, hygiene, neurological and respiratory support, and standing program.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Navarra AM, Schlau R, Murray M .
Assessing nursing care needs of children with complex medical conditions: The Nursing-Kids Intensity of Care Survey (N-KICS).
J Pediatr Nurs 2016 May-Jun;31(3):299-310. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.11.012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Disabilities, Long-Term Care, Nursing, Vulnerable Populations
Baird J, Rehm RS, Hinds PS
Do you know my child? Continuity of nursing care in the pediatric intensive care unit.
The objective of this analysis was to explore the delivery of continuity of nursing care in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), from the perspective of both parents and nurses. Parents repeatedly endorsed a desire for continuity of nursing care, wanting to ensure that the bedside nurse valued their child as an individual and understood the complexities of the child's care regimen.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Baird J, Rehm RS, Hinds PS .
Do you know my child? Continuity of nursing care in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Nurs Res 2016 Mar-Apr;65(2):142-50. doi: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000135.
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Keywords: Care Management, Children/Adolescents, Critical Care, Healthcare Delivery, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Nursing
Schondelmeyer AC, Brady PW, Landrigan CP
Alarm fatigue: clearing the air.
The authors discuss an article in the same issue of the Journal of Hospital Medicine by Paine and colleagues that sets out to review the small but growing body of literature addressing physiologic monitor alarms and interventions that have tried to address alarm fatigue. They conclude that the review demonstrates that the great majority of alarms do not help clinicians and likely contribute to alarm fatigue.
AHRQ-funded; HS023827.
Citation: Schondelmeyer AC, Brady PW, Landrigan CP .
Alarm fatigue: clearing the air.
J Hosp Med 2016 Feb;11(2):153-4. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2521.
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Keywords: Patient Safety, Nursing, Adverse Events, Hospitals
Abraham J, Kannampallil T, Brenner C
Characterizing the structure and content of nurse handoffs: a Sequential Conversational Analysis approach.
This paper describes Sequential Conversational Analysis (SCA) - a mixed-method approach integrating qualitative conversational analysis with quantitative sequential pattern analysis. This approach allows characterization of the nature of nurse handoff communication, highlighting the relationships underlying verbal content. The authors also discuss how SCA can help in understanding the dynamics of communication in other settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS017586.
Citation: Abraham J, Kannampallil T, Brenner C .
Characterizing the structure and content of nurse handoffs: a Sequential Conversational Analysis approach.
J Biomed Inform 2016 Feb;59:76-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2015.11.009.
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Keywords: Communication, Quality of Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Nursing, Workflow
Jones K, Sibai J, Battjes R
How and when nurses collect urine cultures on catheterized patients: a survey of 5 hospitals.
Obtaining a specimen for urine culture is a key element in evaluating for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Nurses at 5 hospitals completed a survey regarding their knowledge, training, and practices of appropriate reasons for obtaining urine cultures. The researchers concluded that important opportunities exist for nurses to optimize the decisions to obtain urine cultures and the process for obtaining them.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000025I; 29032001T.
Citation: Jones K, Sibai J, Battjes R .
How and when nurses collect urine cultures on catheterized patients: a survey of 5 hospitals.
Am J Infect Control 2016 Feb;44(2):173-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.003.
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Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Nursing, Provider: Nurse, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Ricciardi R, Moy E, Wilson NJ
AHRQ Author: Ricciardi R and Moy E
Finding the true north: lessons from the National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report.
The authors delineate important features and findings of the 2014 report. For example, it shows that one measure of patient safety improved quickly. The rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection per 1000 medical and surgical discharges (age 18+ years or obstetric admissions) improved at an annual rate of change of more than 10 percent. This success reflects the direct impact that nurses can have in making care safer for their patients.
AHRQ authors Ricciardi and Moy
Citation: Ricciardi R, Moy E, Wilson NJ .
Finding the true north: lessons from the National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report.
J Nurs Care Qual 2016 Jan-Mar;31(1):9-12. doi: 10.1097/ncq.0000000000000164..
Keywords: Quality of Care, Disparities, Patient Safety, Nursing, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)