National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
126 to 150 of 796 Research Studies DisplayedPiatkowski M, Taylor E, Wong B
Designing a patient room as a fall protection strategy: the perspectives of healthcare design experts.
This multi-year study aimed to better understand how patient room design can increase stability during ambulation, serving as a fall protection strategy for frail and/or elderly patients. Specifically, the aim of this portion of the study was to ascertain the architect's perspective on designing a room to mitigate the risk of falls, as well as to evaluate the face validity of a predictive algorithm to assess risk in room design using the input of a design advisory council (AC).
AHRQ-funded; HS025606.
Citation: Piatkowski M, Taylor E, Wong B .
Designing a patient room as a fall protection strategy: the perspectives of healthcare design experts.
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Aug 19;18(16). doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168769..
Keywords: Falls, Patient Safety, Prevention, Adverse Events, Inpatient Care
Pillay J, Donovan L, Guitard S
Screening for gestational diabetes: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The objective of this study was to update the 2012 review on screening for gestational diabetes to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. The investigators concluded that direct evidence on screening vs no screening remained limited. One- vs 2-step screening was not significantly associated with improved health outcomes. At or after 24 weeks of gestation, treatment of gestational diabetes was significantly associated with improved health outcomes.
Citation: Pillay J, Donovan L, Guitard S .
Screening for gestational diabetes: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2021 Aug 10;326(6):539-62. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.10404..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Diabetes, Pregnancy, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Prevention, Guidelines
Michelson KA, Reeves SD, Grubenhoff JA
Clinical features and preventability of delayed diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis.
In this case-control study, researchers sought to determine clinical features associated with delayed diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis, to assess the frequency of preventable delay, and to compare delay outcomes. They found that delayed appendicitis was associated with initially milder symptoms but worse outcomes. Their findings suggest that a majority of delayed diagnoses were at least possibly preventable and that many of the studied patients did not undergo indicated imaging, suggesting an opportunity to prevent delayed diagnosis of appendicitis in some children.
AHRQ-funded; HS026503.
Citation: Michelson KA, Reeves SD, Grubenhoff JA .
Clinical features and preventability of delayed diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Aug;4(8):e2122248. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22248..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Prevention
Wang ML, Minyé HM, Egan KA
Community-based sugar-sweetened beverage intervention associated with short-term improvements in self-rated oral health.
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a community-based childhood obesity prevention intervention targeting sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption on self-rated oral health among children and their parents/caregivers. The investigators found that short-term improvements in oral health among children and their parents/caregivers were observed among those participating in a SSB behavioural intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022242.
Citation: Wang ML, Minyé HM, Egan KA .
Community-based sugar-sweetened beverage intervention associated with short-term improvements in self-rated oral health.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021 Aug;49(4):362-68. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12610..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Dental and Oral Health, Prevention
Calabrese SK, Lane SB, Caldwell A
Electronic dissemination of a web-based video promotes PrEP contemplation and conversation among US women engaged in care at Planned Parenthood.
This study evaluated the acceptability and impact of a web-based PrEP educational video among women (n = 126) by comparing two Planned Parenthood centers: one using a Web Video and the other using standard education tools. Most women reported the video helped them understand better what PrEP is (92%), how it works (93%), and how to take PrEP (92%). One month post-intervention, more women in the Web Video group reported a high level of comfort discussing PrEP with a provider (82% vs 48%) and commonly thinking about PrEP (36.% vs. 4%).
AHRQ-funded; HS022242.
Citation: Calabrese SK, Lane SB, Caldwell A .
Electronic dissemination of a web-based video promotes PrEP contemplation and conversation among US women engaged in care at Planned Parenthood.
AIDS Behav 2021 Aug;25(8):2483-500. doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03210-2..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Sexual Health, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Prevention, Health Information Technology (HIT), Communication, Women
Fan T, Tan M
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for hypertension in adults.
This Putting Prevention into Practice case study involves a 23-year-old patient presenting for a wellness visit with no concerns. The patient’s medical record shows a history of polycystic ovary syndrome, blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg from a visit one year ago, and a body mass index of 28.2. Three questions are presented, along with answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Tan M .
Screening for hypertension in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2021 Aug 1;104(2):193-94..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Case Study
Leung WY, Adelman J, Bates DW
Validating fall prevention icons to support patient-centered education.
Falls with injury are the most prevalent hospital adverse event. The objective of this project was to refine fall risk and prevention icons for a patient-centric bedside toolkit to promote patient and nurse engagement in accurately assessing fall risks and developing a tailored fall prevention plan. The investigators indicated that all 16 icons were refined and used to form the basis for a bedside fall prevention toolkit.
AHRQ-funded; HS023535.
Citation: Leung WY, Adelman J, Bates DW .
Validating fall prevention icons to support patient-centered education.
J Patient Saf 2021 Aug 1;17(5):e413-e22. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000354..
Keywords: Falls, Prevention, Patient Safety, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Hospitals, Adverse Events
Cunningham-Erves J, Campbell L, Barlow C
Reducing HPV associated cancers and disparities: engaging African American men to develop a culturally-appropriate program that addresses their needs.
Reducing HPV associated cancers and disparities: engaging African American men to develop a culturally-appropriate program that addresses their needs.
Am J Health Educ 2021;52(4):194-206. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1930614.
This paper discusses the results of the Healthy Men, Healthy Communities program that aims to improve preventive behaviors among African American men to reduce HPV-related cancer disparities. An educational intervention was developed using cultural-targeting strategies such as linguistics, peripherals, evidence, socio-culture, and constituent-involving. Research team members were recruited from community-based (CBO) leaders. Three focus groups, 30 surveys, and a community review and program evaluation with African American men were conducted. The five focus group themes were: 1) The Known and Unknown of Cancer, HPV, and the vaccine; (2) Personal experiences with cancer were commonplace; (3) Barriers to Engaging HPV Cancer Preventive Behaviors; (4) Multi-Modal Strategies are needed to improve preventive behaviors; and (5) Actual versus Preferred Sources of Information. Survey data showed men desired information on penile (52%) and oral cancer (48%). A speaker summit on various topics was the preferred education format (96%). A post-summit evaluation indicated most males intended to get screened (73%), eat healthier (77%), and exercise more (65%). After these interventions the HPV vaccine was administered to about 40% of the men, and their children and grandchildren.
Am J Health Educ 2021;52(4):194-206. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1930614.
This paper discusses the results of the Healthy Men, Healthy Communities program that aims to improve preventive behaviors among African American men to reduce HPV-related cancer disparities. An educational intervention was developed using cultural-targeting strategies such as linguistics, peripherals, evidence, socio-culture, and constituent-involving. Research team members were recruited from community-based (CBO) leaders. Three focus groups, 30 surveys, and a community review and program evaluation with African American men were conducted. The five focus group themes were: 1) The Known and Unknown of Cancer, HPV, and the vaccine; (2) Personal experiences with cancer were commonplace; (3) Barriers to Engaging HPV Cancer Preventive Behaviors; (4) Multi-Modal Strategies are needed to improve preventive behaviors; and (5) Actual versus Preferred Sources of Information. Survey data showed men desired information on penile (52%) and oral cancer (48%). A speaker summit on various topics was the preferred education format (96%). A post-summit evaluation indicated most males intended to get screened (73%), eat healthier (77%), and exercise more (65%). After these interventions the HPV vaccine was administered to about 40% of the men, and their children and grandchildren.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Cunningham-Erves J, Campbell L, Barlow C .
Reducing HPV associated cancers and disparities: engaging African American men to develop a culturally-appropriate program that addresses their needs.
Am J Health Educ 2021;52(4):194-206. doi: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1930614..
Keywords: Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Cancer, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Men's Health, Prevention, Health Promotion, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Silverstein M, Kemper AR, Henderson JT
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez I
Importance of assessing wellbeing for United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations.
The investigators discuss the importance of assessing wellbeing for United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations despite the current data limitations. They discuss the pathway out of the current limitations of the data on meaningful health outcomes for child and adolescent preventive services. They assert that developing measures of subjective wellbeing for children and families and deploying them at appropriate time intervals in prevention trials offers a promising, although admittedly challenging, pathway out of the child health evidence void.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Silverstein M, Kemper AR, Henderson JT .
Importance of assessing wellbeing for United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations.
Pediatrics 2021 Jul;148(Suppl 1):s37-s39. doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-050693H..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Screening, Prevention
Tracer H, Pierre J
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Screening for lung cancer.
This paper is part of the “Putting Prevention into Practice” series. It provides an evidence-based case study related to lung cancer screening. Questions and answers related to the case are included.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, Pierre J .
Screening for lung cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jul 1;104(1):79-80..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Safdar N, Parmasad V, Brown R
Decreasing ICU-associated Clostridioides difficile infection through fluoroquinolone restriction, the FIRST trial: a study protocol.
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections in the USA, having high incidence in intensive care units (ICU). Antibiotic use increases risk of CDI, with fluoroquinolones (FQs) particularly implicated. In healthcare settings, antibiotic stewardship (AS) and infection control interventions are effective in CDI control, but there is little evidence regarding the most effective AS interventions. In this paper the investigators describe their multisite, stepped-wedge, cluster, effectiveness-implementation clinical trial.
AHRQ-funded; R01 HS026226.
Citation: Safdar N, Parmasad V, Brown R .
Decreasing ICU-associated Clostridioides difficile infection through fluoroquinolone restriction, the FIRST trial: a study protocol.
BMJ Open 2021 Jun 29;11(6):e046480. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046480..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Prevention
Fan T, Lee G
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons.
This AHRQ-authored Putting Preventions in Practice quiz has three questions and answers on the US Preventive Services Task Force final recommendation on interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons. A case study is presented with questions on the best behavioral interventions, e-cigarette use, and pharmacotherapy for tobacco cessation in pregnant persons. References are also provided at the end of the answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Lee G .
Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons.
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jun 15;103(12):753-54..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Tobacco Use, Prevention, Case Study, Pregnancy, Women, Substance Abuse
Glenn BA, Nonzee NJ, Tieu L
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the transition between adolescence and adulthood.
This study looked at the barriers to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among young adults receiving care at the student health center of a large public university. The authors conducted semi-structured interviews (n=27) and four focus groups with undergraduate and graduate students (n=18) and semi-structured interviews with 6 health care providers. The interviews and focus groups explored perceived risk of HPV infection, benefits of the HPV vaccine, and motivations for and barriers to HPV vaccination. Many students cited their parents’ views and recommendations from their medical providers as influential on their decision-making process. Cervical cancer prevention was considered the main benefit of the HPV vaccine and sexual activity was a risk factor for HPV infection. Students often lacked knowledge about the vaccine’s benefit for males. Safety and side effects of the vaccine perceived as new were also cited. Providers’ vaccine recommendations were impacted by health system factors including clinical infrastructure, office visit priorities, and processes for recommending and documentation vaccination. Providers suggested various promotion strategies including improving the timing and messaging of outreach efforts on campus and bolstering clinical infrastructure.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Glenn BA, Nonzee NJ, Tieu L .
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the transition between adolescence and adulthood.
Vaccine 2021 Jun 8;39(25):3435-44. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.019..
Keywords: Young Adults, Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Vaccination, Prevention, Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer, Women
Liss DT, Uchida T, Wilkes CL
General health checks in adult primary care: a review.
General health checks, also known as general medical examinations, periodic health evaluations, checkups, routine visits, or wellness visits, are commonly performed in adult primary care to identify and prevent disease. Although general health checks are often expected and advocated by patients, clinicians, insurers, and health systems, others question their value. Randomized trials and observational studies with control groups reported in prior systematic reviews and an updated literature review through March 2021 were included in this study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026506; HS028127.
Citation: Liss DT, Uchida T, Wilkes CL .
General health checks in adult primary care: a review.
JAMA 2021 Jun 8;325(22):2294-306. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.6524..
Keywords: Primary Care, Prevention
Adams V, Song J, Shang J
Infection prevention and control practices in the home environment: examining enablers and barriers to adherence among home health care nurses.
This study’s aim was to examine the impact of individual, home environment, and organization factors on Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) practices in home health care. A survey of 350 nurses across two large home care agencies was conducted to examine the relationship between IPC adherence and these factors. Multiple barriers to IPC practices in patients’ homes were reported including clutter (74.5%), and a dirty environment (70.3%). They also reported limited availability of some IPC supplies including personal protective equipment.
AHRQ-funded; HS024723.
Citation: Adams V, Song J, Shang J .
Infection prevention and control practices in the home environment: examining enablers and barriers to adherence among home health care nurses.
Am J Infect Control 2021 Jun;49(6):721-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.10.021..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Community-Acquired Infections, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Provider: Nurse, Provider
Baskin AS, Wang T, Bredbeck BC
Trends in contralateral prophylactic mastectomy utilization for small unilateral breast cancer.
This study describes trends in contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) utilization for small unilateral breast cancer instead of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) which is recommended. The authors used the National Cancer Database to identify women with unilateral, T1 breast cancer. Of the total cohort of 765,487, 69% underwent BCS and 31% chose mastectomy. Of 176,673 women aged 70 years or older, 75% underwent BCS and 25% chose mastectomy. CPM rates have increased in both cohorts since 2006. Patient factors such as younger age, white rate, private insurance, tumor factors, and facility factors were associated with increased CPM rates compared with unilateral mastectomy.
Citation: Baskin AS, Wang T, Bredbeck BC .
Trends in contralateral prophylactic mastectomy utilization for small unilateral breast cancer.
J Surg Res 2021 Jun;262:71-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.12.057..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Women, Surgery, Prevention, Healthcare Utilization
Wurcel AG, Reyes J, Zubiago J
"I'm not gonna be able to do anything about it, then what's the point?": A broad group of stakeholders identify barriers and facilitators to HCV testing in a Massachusetts jail.
Despite national guidelines promoting hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing in prisons, there is substantial heterogeneity on the implementation of HCV testing in jails. IN this study, the investigators sought to better understand barriers and opportunities for HCV testing by interviewing a broad group of stakeholders involved in HCV testing and treatment policies and procedures in Massachusetts jails.
AHRQ-funded; HS026008.
Citation: Wurcel AG, Reyes J, Zubiago J .
"I'm not gonna be able to do anything about it, then what's the point?": A broad group of stakeholders identify barriers and facilitators to HCV testing in a Massachusetts jail.
PLoS One 2021 May 26;16(5):e0250901. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250901..
Keywords: Hepatitis, Vulnerable Populations, Screening, Prevention, Public Health, Social Stigma
Mills J, Molchan S
AHRQ Author: Mills J
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.
This Putting Prevention into Practice case study is a 3-question quiz on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) final recommendation on screening for carotid artery stenosis. It asks questions on counseling patients, risk factors, and the USPSTF recommendations on the benefits and harms of screening for carotid artery stenosis. Discussion is provided in the answers along with references to the USPSTF recommendations.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mills J, Molchan S .
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.
Am Fam Physician 2021 May 15;103(10):623-24..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Case Study, Risk
Razon N, Rodriguez A, Carlson K
"Far more than just a prescription": Focus groups with U.S. family planning providers and staff about integrating PrEP for HIV prevention into their work.
Cisgender women in the United States have been found to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention at lower rates relative to other groups. Family planning clinics are identified as the preferred sites to lead PrEP implementation for women in the United States. Qualitative focus groups were conducted with a sample of family planning clinicians, counselors, and clinic managers to explore barriers and facilitators to PrEP provision in US family planning clinics. Six focus groups (n = 37) were conducted at family planning clinics in San Francisco, Kansas City, Missouri; and Philadelphia. Key themes emerged highlighting how PrEP counseling can interfere with other family planning agendas including efficient clinic visits, condom promotion, and long-acting contraception counseling. Participants expressed discomfort with HIV vulnerabilities rooted in social and structural determinants of health.
AHRQ-funded; HS022241.
Citation: Razon N, Rodriguez A, Carlson K .
"Far more than just a prescription": Focus groups with U.S. family planning providers and staff about integrating PrEP for HIV prevention into their work.
Womens Health Issues 2021 May-Jun;31(3):294-300. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2021.02.006..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Women
Brajcic BC, Ko CY, Liu JB
A NSQIP-based randomized clinical trial evaluating choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy.
This paper describes the protocol for an upcoming multicenter randomized surgical trial to evaluate choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy. The rationale and methodology of the trial evaluating piperacillin-tazobactam compared to cefoxitin for surgical site infection prevention is described. The study will utilize a clinical registry for data collection.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Brajcic BC, Ko CY, Liu JB .
A NSQIP-based randomized clinical trial evaluating choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy.
J Surg Oncol 2021 May;123(6):1387-94. doi: 10.1002/jso.26402..
Keywords: Cancer, Antibiotics, Medication, Prevention, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Cohen DJ, Sweeney SM, Miller WL
Improving smoking and blood pressure outcomes: the interplay between operational changes and local context.
This study identified conditions and operational changes linked to improvements in smoking and blood pressure (BP) outcomes in primary care using samples and interviews from a subset of 104 practices participating in EvidenceNOW, a multisite cardiovascular disease prevention initiative. The authors calculated Clinical Quality Measure improvements, with targets of 10-point or greater absolute improvements in the proportion of patients with smoking screening, and if relevant, counseling and the proportion of hypertensive patients with adequately controlled BP. Primary care staff were surveyed and interviewed. In clinician-owned practices, implementing a workflow to routinely screen and counsel patients on smoking cessation resources, or implementing a documentation change or a referral to a resource alone led to an improvement of at least 10 points in the smoking outcome. These improvements did not occur though in health- or hospital system-owned practices or in Federally Qualified Health Centers. BP outcome improved by at least 10 points among solo practices after medical assistants learned how to take an accurate BP. Among larger, clinician-owned practices, BP outcomes improvement took place when staff took a second BP measurement after the first measurement was elevated and when staff learned where to document this information in the electronic health record. For larger and health- and hospital system-owned practices, 50 or more hours of facilitation was needed to improve BP outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023940.
Citation: Cohen DJ, Sweeney SM, Miller WL .
Improving smoking and blood pressure outcomes: the interplay between operational changes and local context.
Ann Fam Med 2021 May-Jun;19(3):240-48. doi: 10.1370/afm.2668..
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Tobacco Use, Primary Care, Quality Improvement, Cardiovascular Conditions, Quality of Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Outcomes
McAlearney AS, Gaughan AA, DePuccio MJ
Management practices for leaders to promote infection prevention: lessons from a qualitative study.
This study looked at the management practices around prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) that hospital leaders can take to promote healthcare associated infection (HAI) prevention efforts. Interviews were conducted with 420 managers and frontline staff in 18 hospitals across the United States. The three management practices characterized as important facilitators of HAI prevention were 1) engagement of executive leadership; 2) information sharing; and 3) manager coaching.
AHRQ-funded; HS024958.
Citation: McAlearney AS, Gaughan AA, DePuccio MJ .
Management practices for leaders to promote infection prevention: lessons from a qualitative study.
Am J Infect Control 2021 May;49(5):536-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.09.001..
Keywords: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention, Communication
McDonald MV, Brickner C, Russell D
Observation of hand hygiene practices in home health care.
The purpose of this observational study was to describe nurse hand hygiene practices in the home health care (HHC) setting, nurse adherence to hand hygiene guidelines, and factors associated with hand hygiene opportunities during home care visits. The investigators concluded that hand hygiene adherence in HHC was suboptimal, with rates mirroring those reported in hospital and outpatient settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS024723.
Citation: McDonald MV, Brickner C, Russell D .
Observation of hand hygiene practices in home health care.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021 May;22(5):1029-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.07.031..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Nursing, Provider: Nurse, Provider, Prevention, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Guidelines
McGrath SP, Perreard IM, MacKenzie T
Patterns in continuous pulse oximetry data prior to pulseless electrical activity arrest in the general care setting.
This study’s objective was to understand if features derived from continuous pulse oximetry data can provide advanced warning of pulseless electrical activity arrest in general care inpatients. A retrospective analysis of SpO2 and pulse rate data derived from continuous pulse oximetry was performed for patients with electrical pulseless activity (n = 38) and control patients (n = 42). The pulseless electrical activity arrest group tended to have lower mean SpO2 and higher mean pulse rates over time intervals ranging from 1 minute to 1 hour. Several hours to the rescue event changes in variability were observed. Up to 20 minutes before rescue events, pulse rate features were significantly different from feature values for the preceding 30-minute interval. Similar results were found at 10 minutes before the event. These differences might be useful for predicting and preventing rescue events.
AHRQ-funded; HS024403.
Citation: McGrath SP, Perreard IM, MacKenzie T .
Patterns in continuous pulse oximetry data prior to pulseless electrical activity arrest in the general care setting.
J Clin Monit Comput 2021 May;35(3):537-45. doi: 10.1007/s10877-020-00509-8..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Inpatient Care, Hospitals, Prevention, Cardiovascular Conditions
Iroz CB, Dahl CM, Cassimatis IR
Prophylactic anticoagulation for preterm premature rupture of membranes: a decision analysis.
The objective of this study was to determine the optimal modality for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis during hospitalization for preterm premature rupture of membranes using a decision analysis model. The investigators concluded that their results did not support the routine use of prophylactic anticoagulation in women admitted to the hospital for preterm premature rupture of membranes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Iroz CB, Dahl CM, Cassimatis IR .
Prophylactic anticoagulation for preterm premature rupture of membranes: a decision analysis.
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2021 May;3(3):100311. doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100311..
Keywords: Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Prevention, Shared Decision Making, Pregnancy, Maternal Care, Inpatient Care, Women, Medication