National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Behavioral Health (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Care Management (2)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Chronic Conditions (5)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Depression (2)
- Diabetes (3)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (11)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (3)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Medication (5)
- Obesity (1)
- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
- (-) Patient Adherence/Compliance (13)
- Patient Self-Management (5)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Rural Health (1)
- (-) Telehealth (13)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Web-Based (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedZhong A, Amat MJ, Anderson TS
Completion of recommended tests and referrals in telehealth vs in-person visits.
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to explore the prevalence of diagnostic loop closure for tests and referrals ordered at telehealth visits when compared to in-person visits and characterize related factors. The study included test and referral orders for 4,133 patients A total 27.8% of the orders were placed during a telehealth visit. The study found that of the telehealth orders, 42.6% were completed within the designated time frame vs 58.4% of those ordered during in-person visits and 57.4% of those ordered without a visit. In an adjusted analysis, when compared with patients with in persons visits, patients with telehealth visits were less likely to close the loop for all test types.
AHRQ-funded; HS027282.
Citation: Zhong A, Amat MJ, Anderson TS .
Completion of recommended tests and referrals in telehealth vs in-person visits.
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Nov; 6(11):e2343417. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43417..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Adherence/Compliance
Sun CJ, Shato T, Steinbaugh A
Virtual voices: examining social support exchanged through participant-generated and unmoderated content in a mobile intervention to improve HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence among GBMSM.
The goal of this study was to investigate how social support was provided and sought by gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) within a technology-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence intervention. Participants used the messaging feature in to discuss and exchange support around HIV treatment and care. The most salient HIV treatment and care issues were lab results, upcoming tests, ART adherence and side effects, regimen changes, and relationships with healthcare providers. The authors concluded that this analysis provided an opportunity to understand how participants informally interact with one another, how they seek and provide social support online, and their relevant personal issues.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Sun CJ, Shato T, Steinbaugh A .
Virtual voices: examining social support exchanged through participant-generated and unmoderated content in a mobile intervention to improve HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence among GBMSM.
AIDS Care 2023 Jan;35(1):7-15. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2038364.
Keywords: Patient Adherence/Compliance, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Medication, Vulnerable Populations
Roddy MK, Mayberry LS, Nair D
Exploring mHealth potential to improve kidney function: secondary analysis of a randomized trial of diabetes self-care in diverse adults.
This study examined whether REACH, a text message-delivered self-management support intervention, which focuses on medication adherence, diet, and exercise can significantly improve glycemic control in 506 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). The authors used data from the trial to explore the intervention’s effect on change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGR) at 12 months in a subsample of 271 patients. Patients with proteinuria at baseline who received REACH had less worsening of eGFR.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Roddy MK, Mayberry LS, Nair D .
Exploring mHealth potential to improve kidney function: secondary analysis of a randomized trial of diabetes self-care in diverse adults.
BMC Nephrol 2022 Aug 10;23(1):280. doi: 10.1186/s12882-022-02885-6..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Kidney Disease and Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Mason M, Cho Y, Rayo J
Technologies for medication adherence monitoring and technology assessment criteria: narrative review.
This narrative review summarizes the technical features, data capture methods, and various advantages and limitations of medication adherence monitoring technology along with proposed criteria for assessing medication adherence monitoring technologies. Technology assessment criteria were identified and organized into the following five categories: development information, technology features, adherence to data collection and management, feasibility and implementation, and acceptability and usability.
AHRQ-funded; R01 HS027846.
Citation: Mason M, Cho Y, Rayo J .
Technologies for medication adherence monitoring and technology assessment criteria: narrative review.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022 Mar 10;10(3):e35157. doi: 10.2196/35157..
Keywords: Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Cibrian FL, Monteiro E, Ankrah E
Parents' perspectives on a smartwatch intervention for children with ADHD: rapid deployment and feasibility evaluation of a pilot intervention to support distance learning during COVID-19.
This paper explores how smartwatch technology, including timing notifications, can support children with ADHD during distance learning due to COVID-19. The researchers used a Digital Health Intervention which included a smartwatch and a smartphone. Their results demonstrated that children successfully adopted the use of the smartwatch, and parents believed that the intervention was helpful, especially in supporting the development of organizational skills in their children. The authors included suggestions to help professionals teach children with ADHD to use smartwatches to improve organization and task completion, especially as it applies to supporting remote instruction.
AHRQ-funded; HS026058.
Citation: Cibrian FL, Monteiro E, Ankrah E .
Parents' perspectives on a smartwatch intervention for children with ADHD: rapid deployment and feasibility evaluation of a pilot intervention to support distance learning during COVID-19.
PLoS One 2021 Oct 27;16(10):e0258959. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258959..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, COVID-19, Behavioral Health, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Adherence/Compliance
Oikonomidi T, Ravaud P, Cosson E
AHRQ Author: Montori V
Evaluation of patient willingness to adopt remote digital monitoring for diabetes management.
Investigators sought to identify the minimum effectiveness patients report they require to adopt 36 different remote digital monitoring (RDM) scenarios. Adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes living in 30 countries assessed three randomly selected scenarios from a total of 36 that described different combinations of digital monitoring tools. The investigators found that patients required greater health benefits to adopt more intrusive RDM modalities, food monitoring, and real-time feedback by a health care professional. They recommended that patient monitoring devices be designed to be minimally intrusive.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Oikonomidi T, Ravaud P, Cosson E .
Evaluation of patient willingness to adopt remote digital monitoring for diabetes management.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Jan;4(1):e2033115. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33115..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Care Management, Patient Self-Management, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Flynn G, Jia H, Reynolds NR
Protocol of the randomized control trial: the WiseApp trial for improving health outcomes in PLWH (WiseApp).
This paper outlines the protocol for the WiseApp randomized control trial. The WiseApp contains real-time medication monitoring linking an electronic pill bottle and fitness tracker to the app, helping persons living with HIV (PLWH) self-manage their medication adherence and improve their overall quality of life. The primary objective of the trial is to test the effect of the WiseApp's medication adherence features on antiretroviral adherence in underserved PLWH in New York City. The real-time monitoring of the WiseApp has the potential to help providers initiate interventions to help patients resume treatment before drug resistance begins.
AHRQ-funded; HS025071.
Citation: Flynn G, Jia H, Reynolds NR .
Protocol of the randomized control trial: the WiseApp trial for improving health outcomes in PLWH (WiseApp).
BMC Public Health 2020 Nov 25;20(1):1775. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09688-0..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management, Chronic Conditions, Care Management, Healthcare Delivery
Haynes SC, Tancredi DJ, Tong K
Association of adherence to weight telemonitoring with health care use and death: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
This study examined if heart failure patients who had lower adherence to weight telemonitoring had higher hospitalization and death rates. This study was a post hoc secondary analysis of the Better Effectiveness After Transition-Heart Failure randomized clinical trial which included patients from 6 academic medical centers in California. Criteria for eligibility was if they were hospitalized for decompensated heart failure. Exclusion criteria included if they were discharged to a skilled nursing facility, were expected to improve because of a medical procedure, or did not have the cognitive or physical ability to participate. The trial compared a telemonitoring intervention with usual care for patients with heart failure after hospital discharge from October 12, 2011 to September 30, 2013. The cohort of 538 eligible participants had a mean age of 70.9, was 53.8% male and 50.7% white. Adherence got better from week to week, and they found that every increase in adherence by 1 day was associated with a 19% decrease in the rate of death the following week and an 11% decrease in the rate of hospitalization. However, weight adherence is unlikely to be a result of the telemonitoring intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS019311.
Citation: Haynes SC, Tancredi DJ, Tong K .
Association of adherence to weight telemonitoring with health care use and death: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Jul;3(7):e2010174. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10174..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Adherence/Compliance, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Hospitalization
Badawy SM, Shah R, Beg U
Habit strength, medication adherence, and habit-based mobile health interventions across chronic medical conditions: systematic review.
This review’s goal was to systematically evaluate the most recent evidence for habit strength, medication adherence, and habit-based mHealth interventions across chronic medical conditions. Findings revealed that habit strength was strongly correlated with medication adherence, and stronger habit was associated with higher medication adherence rates, regardless of the theoretical model and/or guiding framework. Habit-based interventions were recommended to increase medication adherence, leveraging widely-available mobile technology tools and existing routines.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Badawy SM, Shah R, Beg U .
Habit strength, medication adherence, and habit-based mobile health interventions across chronic medical conditions: systematic review.
J Med Internet Res 2020 Apr 28;22(4):e17883. doi: 10.2196/17883..
Keywords: Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Chronic Conditions
Chudy-Onwugaje K, Abutaleb A, Buchwald A
Age modifies the association between depressive symptoms and adherence to self-testing with telemedicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
This study researched the association between age and increased depressive symptoms and adherence to self-testing with telemedicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It was found that patients 40 and older had worse adherence than patients younger than 40 with depressive symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS018975.
Citation: Chudy-Onwugaje K, Abutaleb A, Buchwald A .
Age modifies the association between depressive symptoms and adherence to self-testing with telemedicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018 Nov 29;24(12):2648-54. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izy194..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Depression, Digestive Disease and Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management, Telehealth
Stringer KL, Azuero A, Ott C
Feasibility and acceptability of real-time antiretroviral adherence monitoring among depressed women living with HIV in the deep south of the US.
The purpose of this study was to present feasibility and acceptability data on the use of an electronic adherence monitor (EAM) among African American women in remote areas of the Southeastern United States with HIV and co-occurring depression. EAM and self-reported antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence was monitored among 25 participants recruited at four HIV clinics in Alabama. Intra-class correlation showed a low degree of concordance between EAM and self-reported adherence. 83% of data collected via EAM was transmitted in real-time; the remainder was delayed though technological failures or was lost entirely. The authors conclude that EAM monitoring is feasible in a rural US setting but that technological difficulties may impede the device's usefulness for just-in-time adherence interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Stringer KL, Azuero A, Ott C .
Feasibility and acceptability of real-time antiretroviral adherence monitoring among depressed women living with HIV in the deep south of the US.
AIDS Behav 2018 May;23(5):1306-14. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2322-z..
Keywords: Depression, Health Information Technology (HIT), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Rural Health, Telehealth, Women
Lee YJ, Boden-Albala B, Jia H
The association between online health information-seeking behaviors and health behaviors among Hispanics in New York City: a community-based cross-sectional study.
The specific aim of this study was to examine the association between online health information-seeking behaviors and health behaviors (physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol use, and hypertension medication adherence) among Hispanics. It concluded that given the promising, although modest, associations between online health information-seeking behaviors and some health behaviors, efforts are needed to improve Hispanics' ability to access and understand health information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022961; HS019853.
Citation: Lee YJ, Boden-Albala B, Jia H .
The association between online health information-seeking behaviors and health behaviors among Hispanics in New York City: a community-based cross-sectional study.
J Med Internet Res 2015 Nov 26;17(11):e261. doi: 10.2196/jmir.4368.
.
.
Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Web-Based, Telehealth, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Nundy S, Dick JJ, Chou CH
Mobile phone diabetes project led to improved glycemic control and net savings for Chicago plan participants.
Mobile phones are a promising tool to use in engaging patients in behavior change and facilitating self-care between visits. The researchers examined the impact of a six-month mobile health (mHealth) demonstration project among adults with diabetes. In addition to pre-post improvements in glycemic control and patients’ satisfaction with overall care, they observed a net cost savings of 8.8 percent.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Nundy S, Dick JJ, Chou CH .
Mobile phone diabetes project led to improved glycemic control and net savings for Chicago plan participants.
Health Aff 2014 Feb;33(2):265-72. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0589..
Keywords: Diabetes, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management, Telehealth