National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Antibiotics (1)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
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- Healthcare Costs (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedSoper NS, Appukutty AJ, Paje D
Antibiotic overuse after discharge from medical short-stay units.
This study investigated antibiotic overuse after discharge from medical short-stay units (SSUs). This cross-sectional study included patients hospitalized in 2 different medical SSUs with a total of 40 beds at a single academic medical center. Eligible adults were discharged with an oral antibiotic from either SSU from May 2018 to September 2019. Of 100 patients discharged from SSUs with antibiotics, 47 had a skin and soft-tissue infection (SSTI), 22 pneumonia, 21 UTI, and 10 had “other” infections. Overall, 78 cases (78%) were defined as overuse, including 39 of 47 of those treated for SSTI, 17 of 21 for UTI, and 14 of 22 for pneumonia. The most common types of overuse were excess duration and guideline discordant selection. Examples of factors influencing overuse included consultant recommendations, miscalculation of duration, and the need for source control procedure.
AHRQ-funded; HS026530.
Citation: Soper NS, Appukutty AJ, Paje D .
Antibiotic overuse after discharge from medical short-stay units.
Nov;43(11):1689-92. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.346..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Medication, Pneumonia, Skin Conditions, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Respiratory Conditions, Hospital Discharge
Greenhawt M, Shaker M
Determining levers of cost-effectiveness for screening infants at high risk for peanut sensitization before early peanut introduction.
The authors sought to identify scenarios in which current early peanut introduction guidelines would be cost-effective. They found that the current screening approach to early peanut introduction could be cost-effective at a particular health utility for an in-clinic reaction, skin prick test sensitivity and specificity, and high baseline peanut allergy prevalence among high-risk infants. However, such conditions are unlikely to be plausible to achieve realistically. They recommend further research to define the health state utility associated with reaction location.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Greenhawt M, Shaker M .
Determining levers of cost-effectiveness for screening infants at high risk for peanut sensitization before early peanut introduction.
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Dec 2;2(12):e1918041. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18041..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Skin Conditions, Screening, Healthcare Costs, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines