National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (3)
- Adverse Events (2)
- Blood Thinners (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (5)
- Diabetes (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Kidney Disease and Health (2)
- Medication (4)
- (-) Medication: Safety (5)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Outcomes (2)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Safety (3)
- Risk (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedHerrin J, Abraham NS, Yao X
Comparative effectiveness of machine learning approaches for predicting gastrointestinal bleeds in patients receiving antithrombotic treatment.
The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to compare the performance of 3 machine learning approaches with the commonly-used HAS-BLED (hypertension, abnormal kidney and liver function, stroke, bleeding, labile international normalized ratio, older age, and drug or alcohol use) risk score in predicting antithrombotic-related gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). The machine-learning models were regularized Cox proportional hazards regression (RegCox), random survival forests, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Findings showed that the machine learning models revealed similar performance in identifying patients at high risk for GIB after being prescribed antithrombotic agents. Two models (RegCox and XGBoost) performed modestly better than the HAS-BLED score.
AHRQ-funded; HS025402.
Citation: Herrin J, Abraham NS, Yao X .
Comparative effectiveness of machine learning approaches for predicting gastrointestinal bleeds in patients receiving antithrombotic treatment.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 May;4(5):e2110703. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.10703..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Risk, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Comparative Effectiveness
Yao X, Inselman JW, Ross JS
Comparative effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants across kidney function in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Patients with atrial fibrillation and severely decreased kidney function were excluded from the pivotal non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) trials, thereby raising questions about comparative safety and effectiveness in patients with reduced kidney function. This study aimed to compare oral anticoagulants across the range of kidney function in patients with atrial fibrillation.
AHRQ-funded; HS025517; HS025164; HS025402; HS022882; HS024075.
Citation: Yao X, Inselman JW, Ross JS .
Comparative effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants across kidney function in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2020 Oct;13(10):e006515. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.120.006515..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Maruther NM, Tseng E, Huftless S
Diabetes medications as monotherapy or metformin-based combination therapy for type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of monotherapy and selected metformin-based combinations in adults with type 2 diabetes. It found that the evidence supports metformin as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, given its relative safety and beneficial effects on hemoglobin A1c, weight, and cardiovascular mortality (compared with sulfonylureas). AHRQ-funded; 290-201-200007.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200007I.
Citation: Maruther NM, Tseng E, Huftless S .
Diabetes medications as monotherapy or metformin-based combination therapy for type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med 2016 Jun 7;164(11):740-51. doi: 10.7326/m15-2650.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Diabetes, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication: Safety
Brookhart MA, Freburger JK, Ellis AR
Comparative short-term safety of sodium ferric gluconate versus iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients.
Despite different pharmacologic properties, little is known about the comparative safety of sodium ferric gluconate versus iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients. This study found that, overall, the 2 iron formulations studied exhibited similar safety profiles; however, ferric gluconate was associated with a slightly decreased risk for infection-related outcomes compared to iron sucrose among patients with a hemodialysis catheter.
AHRQ-funded; 290200500401.
Citation: Brookhart MA, Freburger JK, Ellis AR .
Comparative short-term safety of sodium ferric gluconate versus iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients.
Am J Kidney Dis 2016 Jan;67(1):119-27. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.07.026.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Kidney Disease and Health, Medication: Safety, Outcomes, Adverse Drug Events (ADE)
Gagne JJ, Kesselheim AS, Choudhry NK
Comparative effectiveness of generic versus brand-name antiepileptic medications.
The objective of this study was to compare treatment persistence and rates of seizure-related events in patients who initiate antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy with a generic versus a brand-name product. It concluded that patients who initiated generic AEDs had fewer adverse seizure-related clinical outcomes and longer continuous treatment periods before experiencing a gap than those who initiated brand-name versions.
AHRQ-funded; HS018465.
Citation: Gagne JJ, Kesselheim AS, Choudhry NK .
Comparative effectiveness of generic versus brand-name antiepileptic medications.
Epilepsy Behav 2015 Nov;52(Pt A):14-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.08.014.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Medication: Safety, Neurological Disorders, Patient Safety