National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 16 of 16 Research Studies DisplayedBrennan-Cook J, Bonnabeau E, Aponte R
Barriers to care for persons with sickle cell disease: the case manager's opportunity to improve patient outcomes.
The purpose of this paper was to review the barriers to care for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Chronic pain and the perception of addiction, implicit bias, frequent hospitalizations and emergency department visits, clinician and patient knowledge deficits, and SCD stigma all impede the ability to provide evidence-based care for patients with SCD. The authors assert that case managers can coordinate and advocate for appropriate care that improves patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024501.
Citation: Brennan-Cook J, Bonnabeau E, Aponte R .
Barriers to care for persons with sickle cell disease: the case manager's opportunity to improve patient outcomes.
Prof Case Manag 2018 Jul/Aug;23(4):213-19. doi: 10.1097/ncm.0000000000000260..
Keywords: Access to Care, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Sickle Cell Disease
Auger KA, Shah SS, Tubbs-Cooley HL
Effects of a 1-time nurse-led telephone call after pediatric discharge: the H2O II randomized clinical trial.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a single nurse-led telephone call after pediatric discharge decreased the 30-day reutilization rate for urgent care services and enhanced overall transition success. The investigators concluded that although postdischarge nurse contact did not decrease the reutilization rate of postdischarge urgent health care services, the method showed promise to bolster postdischarge education.
AHRQ-funded; HS024735.
Citation: Auger KA, Shah SS, Tubbs-Cooley HL .
Effects of a 1-time nurse-led telephone call after pediatric discharge: the H2O II randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Pediatr 2018 Sep;172(9):e181482. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1482..
Keywords: Care Coordination, Children/Adolescents, Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Services Research (HSR), Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Utilization, Hospital Discharge, Outcomes, Provider, Provider: Nurse, Telehealth, Transitions of Care
de Cordova PB
Excess mortality associated with weekend hospital admissions may be due to patient-level differences, rather than reduced staffing or services.
The author comments on a study by Walker that explained the weekend effect as arising from differences in patient characteristics among patients who present to the emergency department on the weekend. For staffing, Walker used a proxy measure because staffing information was not available. The author cautions that, although a clear rationale was provided, there should be acknowledgement that use of a proxy, whether for illness severity or staffing, may alter results.
AHRQ-funded; HS024339.
Citation: de Cordova PB .
Excess mortality associated with weekend hospital admissions may be due to patient-level differences, rather than reduced staffing or services.
Evid Based Nurs 2018 Apr;21(2):49. doi: 10.1136/eb-2017-102779.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Hospitalization, Mortality, Provider Performance
Bond WF, Hui J, Fernandez R
The 2017 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference: Catalyzing System Change Through Healthcare Simulation: Systems, Competency, and Outcomes.
The Academic Emergency Medicine (AEM) Consensus Conference "Catalyzing System Change Through Healthcare Simulation: Systems, Competency, and Outcome" was conceived to foster discussion among experts in EM, engineering, and social sciences, focusing on key barriers and opportunities in simulation-based research. This executive summary describes the overall rationale for the conference, conference planning, and consensus-building approaches and outlines the focus of the eight breakout sessions.
AHRQ-funded; HS024820.
Citation: Bond WF, Hui J, Fernandez R .
The 2017 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference: Catalyzing System Change Through Healthcare Simulation: Systems, Competency, and Outcomes.
Acad Emerg Med 2018 Feb;25(2):109-15. doi: 10.1111/acem.13302..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Simulation
Laker LF, Torabi E, France DJ
Understanding emergency care delivery through computer simulation modeling.
This article is a product of a breakout session from the 2017 Academic Emergency Medicine conference entitled “Catalyzing System Change through Health Care Simulation: Systems, Competency, and Outcomes.” This article explores the role that computer simulation modeling can and should play in developing emergency room care delivery systems. The four approaches to computer simulation modeling were described and each of their benefits and risks. An introduction to available software modeling platforms and how to determine the best one for the readers situation is also included.
AHRQ-funded; HS021749.
Citation: Laker LF, Torabi E, France DJ .
Understanding emergency care delivery through computer simulation modeling.
Acad Emerg Med 2018 Feb;25(2):116-27. doi: 10.1111/acem.13272..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Delivery, Simulation, Health Services Research (HSR)
Phillippi JC, Hartmann KE
Differentiating research, quality improvement, and case studies to ethically incorporate pregnant women.
This article discusses the need to involve pregnant women in research, quality improvement, and case studies and how to involve them in an ethical way with high standards to protect participants. This review includes vignettes to distinguish between the different types of studies and emphasizes that perinatal care providers will need to seek institutional review board approval for all research to be conducted.
AHRQ-funded; HS024733.
Citation: Phillippi JC, Hartmann KE .
Differentiating research, quality improvement, and case studies to ethically incorporate pregnant women.
J Midwifery Womens Health 2018 Jan;63(1):104-14. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.12673..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Healthcare Delivery, Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Research Methodologies, Women
Kim LY, Rose DE, Soban LM
Primary care tasks associated with provider burnout: findings from a Veterans Health Administration survey.
The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the extent to which primary care providers (PCPs) share responsibility for 14 discrete primary care tasks with other team members, and (2) which, if any, of the primary care tasks performed by the PCPs (without reliance on team members) are associated with PCP burnout.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Kim LY, Rose DE, Soban LM .
Primary care tasks associated with provider burnout: findings from a Veterans Health Administration survey.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Jan;33(1):50-56. doi: 10.1007/s11606-017-4188-6..
Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Provider, Workforce
Guise JM, Chang C, Viswanathan M
AHRQ Author: Chang C, Berliner E
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center methods for systematically reviewing complex multicomponent health care interventions.
The purpose of this AHRQ EPC methods white paper was to outline approaches to conducting systematic reviews of complex multicomponent health care interventions. It provided a framework for synthesizing studies of multicomponent interventions and also provided an initial list of critical reporting elements for such studies in order to help systematic reviewers understand the options and tradeoffs available for such reviews.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201200010I; 290201200012I; 290201200011I; 290201200015I; 290201200008I; 290201200004C.
Citation: Guise JM, Chang C, Viswanathan M .
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center methods for systematically reviewing complex multicomponent health care interventions.
J Clin Epidemiol 2014 Nov;67(11):1181-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.06.010.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Mutter R, Stocks C
AHRQ Author: Stocks C
Using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) data for emergency medicine research.
This article mentions Kocher et al., elsewhere in this issue, who use the HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample to examine the association between the volume of ED encounters that result in admission and inpatient mortality. It further discusses HCUP strengths, weaknesses, and future.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mutter R, Stocks C .
Using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) data for emergency medicine research.
Ann Emerg Med 2014 Nov;64(5):458-60. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.09.014.
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Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
Leroy L, Bayliss E, Domino M
AHRQ Author: Miller T
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Multiple Chronic Conditions Research Network: overview of research contributions and future priorities.
HHS developed the HHS Strategic Framework on Multiple Chronic Conditions (MCC), and AHRQ contributed by funding the MCC Research Network over 45 diverse grants. This paper described a subset of research contributions made in each topic area and made 3 recommendations for future MCC research: (1) include person-centered and person-driven measures and outcomes, (2) consider the person in the context of their relationships and community, and (3) include mental healthcare as an essential part of overall healthcare.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; HS022444.
Citation: Leroy L, Bayliss E, Domino M .
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Multiple Chronic Conditions Research Network: overview of research contributions and future priorities.
Med Care 2014 Mar;52 Suppl 3:S15-22. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000095.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality Measures
Miller WL, Crabtree BF, Harrison MI
AHRQ Author: Harrison MI
Integrating mixed methods in health services and delivery system research.
The authors introduced this AHRQ-sponsored issue of Health Services Research, describing the papers and briefly indicating where they fit into the emerging mixed methods mosaic. They then provided some suggestions about what may be missing and anticipated a future state of a more integrated approach to health services research and richer dialogue between researchers and those engaged in health care.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Miller WL, Crabtree BF, Harrison MI .
Integrating mixed methods in health services and delivery system research.
Health Serv Res 2013 Dec;48(6 Pt 2):2125-33. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12123.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Chen J, Liu L, Zhang D
A flexible model for the mean and variance functions, with application to medical cost data.
The authors considered an extension to generalized linear models by assuming nonlinear associations of covariates in the mean function and allowing the variance to be an unknown but smooth function of the mean. They discussed their application of the model to the annual medical costs of heart failure patients in the clinical data repository at the University of Virginia Hospital System.
AHRQ-funded; HS020263.
Citation: Chen J, Liu L, Zhang D .
A flexible model for the mean and variance functions, with application to medical cost data.
Stat Med 2013 Oct 30;32(24):4306-18. doi: 10.1002/sim.5838.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Costs, Health Services Research (HSR)
Lee SY, Weiner BJ, Harrison MI
AHRQ Author: Harrison MI
Organizational transformation: a systematic review of empirical research in health care and other industries.
The investigators reported findings from a systematic review of empirical research on transformational change in the health care and non-health care literature, with a focus on the antecedents, processes, and outcomes of transformational change. They found that available research documents the multiplicity of factors affecting change and the complexity of their interactions, but less information is available about the processes of transformational change than about its antecedents and consequences. They discussed research and practice implications.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee SY, Weiner BJ, Harrison MI .
Organizational transformation: a systematic review of empirical research in health care and other industries.
Med Care Res Rev 2013 Apr;70(2):115-42. doi: 10.1177/1077558712458539.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Organizational Change
Kleinman LC, Dougherty D
AHRQ Author: Dougherty D
Assessing quality improvement in health care: theory for practice.
The authors reviewed the role of theory as a means to enhance the practice of quality improvement (QI) research and to propose a novel conceptual model focused on the operations of health care. They concluded that such a theory can promote opportunities for moving the field forward and organizing the planning and interpretation of comparable studies.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kleinman LC, Dougherty D .
Assessing quality improvement in health care: theory for practice.
Pediatrics 2013 Mar;131 Suppl 1:S110-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1427n.
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Keywords: Quality Improvement, Healthcare Delivery, Organizational Change, Quality of Care, Health Services Research (HSR)
Koh HK, Baur C, Brach C
AHRQ Author: Brach C
Toward a systems approach to health literacy research.
The authors discuss a call for research exploring how health care organizations can effectively address health literacy and patient-centered care. Topics include AHRQ's Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit, Accountable Care Organizations, and Patient Centered Medical Homes.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Koh HK, Baur C, Brach C .
Toward a systems approach to health literacy research.
J Health Commun 2013;18(1):1-5. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2013.759029.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Health Literacy, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Tools & Toolkits
Siegel JE, Heeringa JW, Carman KL
AHRQ Author: Siegel JE
Public deliberation in decisions about health research.
This paper provides a brief overview of public deliberation and describes its emerging role in health and health care research.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Siegel JE, Heeringa JW, Carman KL .
Public deliberation in decisions about health research.
Virtual Mentor 2013 Jan;15(1):56-64. doi: 10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.1.pfor2-1301.
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Keywords: Decision Making, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Policy