National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
151 to 167 of 167 Research Studies DisplayedDahlke AR, Chung JW, Holl JL
Evaluation of initial participation in public reporting of American College of Surgeons NSQIP surgical outcomes on Medicare's Hospital Compare website.
The objective of this paper was to compare CMS-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (CMS-NSQIP) participating hospitals with American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) hospitals that elected not to participate in Hospital Compare. The researchers found few measurable differences between CMS-NSQIP participating and nonparticipating hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS021857.
Citation: Dahlke AR, Chung JW, Holl JL .
Evaluation of initial participation in public reporting of American College of Surgeons NSQIP surgical outcomes on Medicare's Hospital Compare website.
J Am Coll Surg 2014 Mar;218(3):374-80, 80.e1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.11.022.
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Keywords: Hospitals, Outcomes, Public Reporting, Quality Improvement, Surgery
Enayati M, Banerjee T, Popescu M
A novel web-based depth video rewind approach toward fall preventive interventions in hospitals.
The purpose of this study was to implement a web-based application to provide the ability to rewind and review depth videos captured in hospital rooms to investigate the event chains that led to patient’s fall at a specific time. It proposes a novel web application to ease the process of search and review of the videos by means of new visualization techniques to highlight video frames that contain potential risk of fall based on our previous research.
AHRQ-funded; HS018477.
Citation: Enayati M, Banerjee T, Popescu M .
A novel web-based depth video rewind approach toward fall preventive interventions in hospitals.
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2014;2014:4511-4. doi: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944626..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Web-Based, Falls, Hospitals
Dimick JB, Birkmeyer NJ, Finks JF
Composite measures for profiling hospitals on bariatric surgery performance.
The study objective was to develop a novel composite measure for profiling hospital performance with bariatric surgery. Composite measures are much better at explaining hospital-level variation in serious complications and predicting future performance than other approaches. This study provides preliminary data that empirically weighted composite outcomes measures may be better than existing alternatives for selective referral and outcomes feedback programs.
AHRQ-funded; HS017765.
Citation: Dimick JB, Birkmeyer NJ, Finks JF .
Composite measures for profiling hospitals on bariatric surgery performance.
JAMA Surg 2014 Jan;149(1):10-6. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2013.4109..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Quality of Care, Hospitals
Ederhof M, Chen LM
Critical access hospitals and cost shifting.
In the context of ongoing discussion about critical access hospital (CAH) reimbursement, it is important to better understand how health care providers currently utilize funds from the CAH Programs. This study found that among hospitals converted to CAH designation while part of a hospital system, the relative proportion of costs that reflect shared services provided by the parent organization is significantly higher than would be expected in the post-conversion period.
AHRQ-funded; HS020671.
Citation: Ederhof M, Chen LM .
Critical access hospitals and cost shifting.
JAMA Intern Med 2014 Jan;174(1):143-4. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.11901..
Keywords: Hospitals, Healthcare Costs, Health Services Research (HSR)
Barbash GI, Friedman B, Glied SA
AHRQ Author: Barbash GI, Friedman B, Glied SA, Steiner CA
Factors associated with adoption of robotic surgical technology in US hospitals and relationship to radical prostatectomy procedure volume.
The authors aimed to identify the factors associated with hospitals' decisions to adopt robotic technology and the consequences of these decisions. They found that hospitals in areas where a higher proportion of other hospitals had already acquired a robot were more likely to acquire one, as were those with more than 300 beds and teaching hospitals. They also found a significant association between years with a robot and the change in the number of radical prostatectomies. They concluded that local area robot competition was associated with the rapid spread of robot technology in the United States.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Barbash GI, Friedman B, Glied SA .
Factors associated with adoption of robotic surgical technology in US hospitals and relationship to radical prostatectomy procedure volume.
Ann Surg 2014 Jan;259(1):1-6. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182a5c8b8.
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Keywords: Hospitals, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Surgery
Sherman KL, Gordon EJ, Mahvi DM
Surgeons' perceptions of public reporting of hospital and individual surgeon quality.
This study (1) evaluated surgeons’ perceptions of public reporting of surgical quality; and (2) identified specific barriers to surgeons’ acceptance of public reporting. It found that surgeons are generally in favor of public reporting, but that they continue to have substantive concerns, particularly with respect to reporting individual level outcomes data.
AHRQ-funded; HS021857.
Citation: Sherman KL, Gordon EJ, Mahvi DM .
Surgeons' perceptions of public reporting of hospital and individual surgeon quality.
Med Care 2013 Dec;51(12):1069-75. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000013..
Keywords: Public Reporting, Quality of Care, Hospitals, Surgery, Provider Performance
Harris AD, Pineles L, Belton B
Universal glove and gown use and acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the ICU: a randomized trial.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether wearing gloves and gowns for all patient contact in the intensive care unit (ICU) decreases acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The purpose of this study was to assess whether wearing gloves and gowns for all patient contact in the ICU decreases acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) compared with usual care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018111; 290200600015.
Citation: Harris AD, Pineles L, Belton B .
Universal glove and gown use and acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the ICU: a randomized trial.
JAMA 2013 Oct 16;310(15):1571-80. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.277815..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospitals, Prevention, Critical Care
Zimring C, Denham ME, Jacob JT
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/193758671300701S09
The role of facility design in preventing healthcare-associated infection: interventions, conclusions, and research needs.
The objective of this report was to summarize the findings and provide recommendations based on the multidisciplinary literature review and industry scan, focusing on the links between the built environment and healthcare-associated infections. It concluded that there are currently few data that demonstrate a reduction in infection rates. There is a need for multidisciplinary collaboration and increased efforts to standardize the evaluation of environmental studies.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000024I.
Citation: Zimring C, Denham ME, Jacob JT .
The role of facility design in preventing healthcare-associated infection: interventions, conclusions, and research needs.
HERD 2013 Oct;7(1 suppl):127-39..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Quality of Care, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals
Steinberg JP, Denham ME, Zimring C
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276382905/download
The role of the hospital environment in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections by contact transmission.
The authors describe the role of the hospital environment in the spread of pathogens by direct and indirect contact. In addition, the prevention of transmission through interventions involving the built environment is discussed. They conclude that enhanced environmental cleaning including touchless technologies and self-cleaning surfaces can reduce environmental contamination and may prevent infections.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000024I.
Citation: Steinberg JP, Denham ME, Zimring C .
The role of the hospital environment in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections by contact transmission.
HERD 2013 Oct;7(1 suppl):46-73..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Hospitals, Prevention, Patient Safety
O'Donnell BE, Schneider KM, Brooks JM
Standardizing Medicare payment information to support examining geographic variation in costs.
This paper describes a method for standardizing claim payments, and demonstrates the difference in actual versus standardized payments by geographic region. It found that without standardization of payments, certain areas of the country are mischaracterized as either high or low healthcare resource-consuming areas.
AHRQ-funded; HS019574; HS019440.
Citation: O'Donnell BE, Schneider KM, Brooks JM .
Standardizing Medicare payment information to support examining geographic variation in costs.
Medicare Medicaid Res Rev 2013 Sep 10;3(3). doi: 10.5600/mmrr.003.03.a06..
Keywords: Medicare, Healthcare Costs, Hospitalization, Hospitals
Paez K, Roper RA, Andrews RM
AHRQ Author: Roper RA, Andrews RM
Health information technology and hospital patient safety: a conceptual model to guide research.
The authors developed a conceptual model to guide research in sorting out the complex relationships between health information technology (HIT) and the quality and safety of care. They found the model difficult to operationalize because available HIT adoption data did not characterize features and extent of usage, and patient safety measures did not elucidate the process failures leading to safety-related outcomes. Their findings illustrated the critical need for collecting data that are germane to HIT and the possible mechanisms by which HIT may affect inpatient safety.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Paez K, Roper RA, Andrews RM .
Health information technology and hospital patient safety: a conceptual model to guide research.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2013 Sep;39(9):415-25.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospitals, Quality of Care, Patient Safety
Dimick J, Ruhter J, Sarrazin MV
Black patients more likely than whites to undergo surgery at low-quality hospitals in segregated regions.
The authors assessed the extent to which living in racially segregated areas and living in geographic proximity to low-quality hospitals contribute to the disparity of black patients undergoing surgery at lower-quality hospitals more frequently than whites. Using Medicare data, they found that black patients tended to live closer to higher-quality hospitals than white patients but were more likely to receive surgery at low-quality hospitals. To address these disparities, care navigators and public reporting of comparative quality could steer patients and their referring physicians to higher-quality hospitals, while quality improvement efforts could focus on improving outcomes for high-risk surgery at hospitals that disproportionately serve black patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS017765.
Citation: Dimick J, Ruhter J, Sarrazin MV .
Black patients more likely than whites to undergo surgery at low-quality hospitals in segregated regions.
Health Aff 2013 Jun;32(6):1046-53. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.1365.
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Keywords: Disparities, Quality of Care, Hospitals, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Surgery
Henke RM, Maeda JL, Marder WD
AHRQ Author: Friedman BS, Wong HS
Medicare and commercial inpatient resource use: impact of hospital competition.
The authors examined the influence of hospital competition on small-area inpatient resource use by payer. Using HCUP data, they found that policies or incentives that promote or encourage competition in less competitive markets may reduce variation in resource use for both Medicare and private payers.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290200600009C.
Citation: Henke RM, Maeda JL, Marder WD .
Medicare and commercial inpatient resource use: impact of hospital competition.
Am J Manag Care 2013 Jun;19(6):e238-48.
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Keywords: Healthcare Utilization, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitals, Medicare
Sokas R, Braun B, Chenven L
AHRQ Author: Hogan E
Frontline hospital workers and the worker safety/patient safety nexus.
This article reported on panels and small-group discussions from a day-long workshop held in Washington, D.C., on October 25, 2012, to explore whether and how hospital-based frontline health care workers (HCWs) affect patient safety and how they experience safety in their work settings. Conference sponsors included AHRQ, and workshop sessions focused on the intersection of worker safety and patient safety and on specific steps that health care institutions have used to implement a culture of safety in the workplace.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Sokas R, Braun B, Chenven L .
Frontline hospital workers and the worker safety/patient safety nexus.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2013 Apr;39(4):185-92.
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Keywords: Provider, Organizational Change, Patient Safety, Hospitals
Hempel S, Newberry S, Wang Z
AHRQ Author: Spector WD
Hospital fall prevention: a systematic review of implementation, components, adherence, and effectiveness.
The authors sought to document systematically the implementation, components, comparators, adherence, and effectiveness of published fall prevention approaches in U.S. acute care hospitals. They found that most interventions included multiple components, and the pooled postintervention incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 0.77. They found no systematic association between implementation intensity, intervention complexity, comparator information, or adherence levels and IRR. They concluded that promising approaches exist, but better reporting of outcomes, implementation, adherence, intervention components, and comparison group information is necessary to establish evidence on how hospitals can successfully prevent falls.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201000017I.
Citation: Hempel S, Newberry S, Wang Z .
Hospital fall prevention: a systematic review of implementation, components, adherence, and effectiveness.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2013 Apr;61(4):483-94. doi: 10.1111/jgs.12169.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Falls, Hospitals, Patient Safety, Prevention
Rubinson L, Mutter R, Viboud C
AHRQ Author: Mutter R
Impact of the fall 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic on US hospitals.
The authors investigated the impact of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic on US hospitals. They found that the fall 2009 pandemic period substantially impacted US hospitals, mostly through increased emergency department visits. Furhter, for a small proportion of hospitals that experienced a high surge in inpatient admissions, increased mortality from selected clinical conditions was associated with both prepandemic outcomes and surge, highlighting the linkage between daily hospital operations and disaster preparedness.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Rubinson L, Mutter R, Viboud C .
Impact of the fall 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic on US hospitals.
Med Care 2013 Mar;51(3):259-65. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31827da8ea.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Emergency Preparedness, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitals, Influenza
O'Leary KJ, Devisetty VK, Patel AR
Comparison of traditional trigger tool to data warehouse based screening for identifying hospital adverse events.
This study compared a traditional trigger tool with an enterprise data warehouse (EDW) based screening method to detect hospital adverse events (AEs). The authors found relatively poor agreement between traditional trigger tool and EDW based screening with only approximately a third of all AEs detected by both methods. They recommended a combination of complementary methods as the optimal approach to detecting AEs among hospitalized patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS019630.
Citation: O'Leary KJ, Devisetty VK, Patel AR .
Comparison of traditional trigger tool to data warehouse based screening for identifying hospital adverse events.
BMJ Qual Saf 2013 Feb;22(2):130-8. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001102.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Hospitals, Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Quality Indicators (QIs)