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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedOlsen MA, Greenberg JK, Peacock K
Lack of association of post-discharge prophylactic antibiotics with decreased risk of surgical site infection following spinal fusion.
This study’s objective was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with post-discharge prophylactic antibiotic use after spinal fusion and whether use was associated with decreased risk of surgical site infection (SSI). The study cohort included persons aged 10-64 years undergoing 156,446 spinal fusion procedures between January 2010 and July 2015. Excluded patients included complicated cases and those coded for infection from 30 days before to 2 days after surgical admission. Outpatient oral antibiotic prescriptions were identified within 2 days of surgical discharge. ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes were used to identify SSI within 90 days of surgery. Post-discharge prophylactic antibiotics were used in 9223 surgeries. SSIs occurred after 2557 procedures (1.6%). Factors significantly associated with post-discharge antibiotic use included history of lymphoma, diabetes, 3-7 versus 1-2 vertebral levels fused, and non-infectious postoperative complications. Analysis showed antibiotic use was not associated with decreased SSI risk after spinal fusion.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455; HS027075.
Citation: Olsen MA, Greenberg JK, Peacock K .
Lack of association of post-discharge prophylactic antibiotics with decreased risk of surgical site infection following spinal fusion.
J Antimicrob Chemother 2022 Mar 31;77(4):1178-84. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab475..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Medication, Surgery, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Practice Patterns
Kronman MP, Hersh AL, Gerber JS
Identifying antimicrobial stewardship targets for pediatric surgical patients.
The authors examined the collective pool of all systemic antibiotics prescribed to children hospitalized for surgical conditions and identified common surgical conditions with highly variable and potentially unnecessary antibiotic use. They concluded that the use of vancomycin for pediatric cardiothoracic and neurosurgical patients, and broad-spectrum antipseudomonal agents for gastrointestinal surgery patients, represent potentially high-yield targets for stewardship efforts to reduce unnecessary antimicrobial use.
AHRQ-funded; HS023320.
Citation: Kronman MP, Hersh AL, Gerber JS .
Identifying antimicrobial stewardship targets for pediatric surgical patients.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2015 Dec;4(4):e100-8. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piv022.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Children/Adolescents, Children/Adolescents, Surgery