National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedBoursaw B, Oetzel JG, Dickson E
Scales of practices and outcomes for community-engaged research.
The purpose of this study was to present the psychometric properties of scales from the Engage for Equity (E2) project, stemming from a long-term research partnership examining community-engaged research projects. This study used a three-stage, cross-sectional format: (a) a sampling frame of 413 CEnR projects was identified; (b) 210 principal investigators completed a project-level survey and nominated partners for another survey; (c) 457 investigators and partners completed a survey about project contexts, processes, interventions, and outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000036.
Citation: Boursaw B, Oetzel JG, Dickson E .
Scales of practices and outcomes for community-engaged research.
Am J Community Psychol 2021 Jun;67(3-4):256-70. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12503..
Keywords: Outcomes, Research Methodologies
Lou Y, Cao J, Zhang S
Sample size calculations for time-averaged difference of longitudinal binary outcomes.
In this study, the researchers investigated sample size calculation for the comparison of time-averaged responses between treatment groups in clinical trials with longitudinally observed binary outcomes. Their simulation showed that the nominal power and type I error are well preserved over a wide range of design parameters. The researchers believe that theirs is the first study to consider the mixture of missing patterns in sample size calculation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Lou Y, Cao J, Zhang S .
Sample size calculations for time-averaged difference of longitudinal binary outcomes.
Commun Stat Theory Methods 2017;46(1):344-53. doi: 10.1080/03610926.2014.991040.
.
.
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes
Thorlacius L, Ingram JR, Garg A
Protocol for the development of a core domain set for hidradenitis suppurativa trial outcomes.
A COS is a list of outcomes that are meant as mandatory and should be measured and reported in all clinical trials. The aim of this study is to develop a COS for the management of the chronic, inflammatory skin disease hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). An international steering group of researchers, clinicians, and a patient research partner will guide the COS development.
AHRQ-funded; HS024585.
Citation: Thorlacius L, Ingram JR, Garg A .
Protocol for the development of a core domain set for hidradenitis suppurativa trial outcomes.
BMJ Open 2017 Feb 20;7(2):e014733. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014733.
.
.
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Outcomes, Research Methodologies
McCarthy IM
Putting the patient in patient reported outcomes: a robust methodology for health outcomes assessment.
Through a series of Monte Carlo simulations, this paper illustrates that reliance solely on the summary score may lead to biased estimates of incremental effects, and proposes a novel two-stage approach that allows for unbiased estimation of incremental effects. The proposed methodology essentially reverses the order of the analysis, from one of 'aggregate, then estimate' to one of 'estimate, then aggregate'.
AHRQ-funded; HS022431.
Citation: McCarthy IM .
Putting the patient in patient reported outcomes: a robust methodology for health outcomes assessment.
Health Econ 2015 Dec;24(12):1588-603. doi: 10.1002/hec.3113.
.
.
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Quality of Life, Research Methodologies
Dusetzina SB, Brookhart MA, Maciejewski ML
Control outcomes and exposures for improving internal validity of nonrandomized studies.
The authors review examples of control outcomes and exposures from prior studies and provide recommendations for conducting and reporting these analyses. They found that there is inconsistent terminology for these concepts, making study identification challenging. They recommend that the rigor of nonrandomized studies can be improved with inclusion of control outcomes and exposures for bias detection.
AHRQ-funded; HS023099; HS023085.
Citation: Dusetzina SB, Brookhart MA, Maciejewski ML .
Control outcomes and exposures for improving internal validity of nonrandomized studies.
Health Serv Res 2015 Oct;50(5):1432-51. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12279..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Li T, Vedula SS, Hadar N
Innovations in data collection, management, and archiving for systematic reviews.
The authors provide a step-by-step tutorial for collecting, managing, and archiving data for systematic reviews and suggest steps for developing rigorous data collection forms in the Systematic Review Data Repository to facilitate implementation of the methodological standards and expectations of the Institute of Medicine and other organizations.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710055I; 290201200012I.
Citation: Li T, Vedula SS, Hadar N .
Innovations in data collection, management, and archiving for systematic reviews.
Ann Intern Med. 2015 Feb 17;162(4):287-94. doi: 10.7326/M14-1603..
Keywords: Data, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Research Methodologies
Smith SR
AHRQ Author: Smith SR
Preface to the AHRQ supplement.
AHRQ, through its Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions about Effectiveness (DEcIDE) Research Network, sponsored this supplement to present various strategies in the design, analysis, and conduct of health outcomes studies relevant to rare diseases. The purpose of this supplement is to disseminate illustrative examples of research methods that can be applied to understand health outcomes and potentially to stimulate new patient-centered outcomes studies for rare diseases.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Smith SR .
Preface to the AHRQ supplement.
J Gen Intern Med 2014 Aug;29 Suppl 3:S712-3. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-2922-x.
.
.
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Garabedian LF, Chu P, Toh S
Potential bias of instrumental variable analyses for observational comparative effectiveness research.
Results of instrumental variable analyses may be biased if the instrument and outcome are related through an unadjusted third variable, an instrument-outcome confounder. The authors review of 187 comparative effectiveness studies using this type of analysis, only 4 considered potential instrument-outcome confounders outside the study data.
AHRQ-funded; 290050016I
Citation: Garabedian LF, Chu P, Toh S .
Potential bias of instrumental variable analyses for observational comparative effectiveness research.
Ann Intern Med. 2014 Jul 15;161(2):131-8. doi: 10.7326/M13-1887..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Research Methodologies
Darney BG, Caughey AB
Elective induction of labor symposium: nomenclature, research methodological issues, and outcomes.
This article focuses on key method issues in studies of elective induction of labor. The authors first identify methodological concerns with the existing literature and discuss each in return. They then review existing evidence about the relationship between elective induction and cesarean delivery.
AHRQ-funded; HS017582
Citation: Darney BG, Caughey AB .
Elective induction of labor symposium: nomenclature, research methodological issues, and outcomes.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Jun;57(2):343-62. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000029..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Outcomes, Labor and Delivery, Women
Cappelleri JC, Lundy JJ, Hays RD
Overview of classical test theory and item response theory for the quantitative assessment of items in developing patient-reported outcomes measures.
This article presents an overview of classical test theory and item response theory in the quantitative assessment of items and scales during the content-validity phase of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measure development. The researchers concluded that depending on the particular type of measure and specific circumstances, either approach or both may be useful to help maximize the content validity of a PRO measure.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980
Citation: Cappelleri JC, Lundy JJ, Hays RD .
Overview of classical test theory and item response theory for the quantitative assessment of items in developing patient-reported outcomes measures.
Clin Ther. 2014 May;36(5):648-662. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.04.006..
Keywords: Outcomes, Research Methodologies