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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Alcohol Use (1)
- Case Study (2)
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (4)
- Guidelines (3)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Medication (4)
- Medication: Safety (2)
- Opioids (4)
- Pain (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Safety (2)
- (-) Prevention (9)
- Primary Care (4)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Pharmacist (1)
- Screening (2)
- (-) Substance Abuse (9)
- Telehealth (1)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (4)
- Young Adults (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedMills J, Wonoprabowo L
AHRQ Author: Mills J
Primary care-based interventions to prevent illicit drug use in children, adolescents, and young adults.
This case study concerns a 14-year-old patient who presents for a well-child visit. The patient eats a healthy diet, is part of a local soccer league, is an overall good student, and just started high school in the fall. The patient denies trying any illicit substances but reports trying to “get high” from cough syrup. Three questions are presented, and answers provided.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mills J, Wonoprabowo L .
Primary care-based interventions to prevent illicit drug use in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Am Fam Physician 2020 Oct 15;102(8):493-94..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Young Adults, Substance Abuse, Primary Care, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Case Study, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Shoemaker-Hunt SJ, Wyant BE
The effect of opioid stewardship interventions on key outcomes: a systematic review.
In this study, the investigators sought to identify potential patient safety practices to reduce high-risk opioid prescribing. They conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify opioid stewardship (OS) strategies implemented in primary care and other settings. The investigators concluded that the strength of the evidence was low to moderate that OS efforts decreased numbers of opioid prescriptions, proportion of patients on long-term opioids, or days' supply. The strength of the evidence for OS initiatives producing significant reductions in opioid dosages was moderate.
AHRQ-funded; 233201500013I.
Citation: Shoemaker-Hunt SJ, Wyant BE .
The effect of opioid stewardship interventions on key outcomes: a systematic review.
J Patient Saf 2020 Sep;16(3S Suppl 1):S36-s41. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000710..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Substance Abuse, Prevention
Fan T, Smith HJ
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Primary care interventions for prevention and cessation of tobacco use in children and adolescents.
In this case study, three questions are posed concerning a 13-year-old girl presenting for a routine well-child visit who reports that she has never used tobacco products in any form.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Smith HJ .
Primary care interventions for prevention and cessation of tobacco use in children and adolescents.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Case Study, Children/Adolescents, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Primary Care, Prevention, Substance Abuse
Patnode CD, Perdue LA, Rushkin M
Screening for unhealthy drug use: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Illicit drug use is among the most common causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on screening and interventions for drug use to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. The investigators concluded that several screening instruments with acceptable sensitivity and specificity are available to screen for drug use, although there is no direct evidence on the benefits or harms of screening.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Perdue LA, Rushkin M .
Screening for unhealthy drug use: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Jun 9;323(22):2310-28. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.21381..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Substance Abuse, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Primary Care, Prevention
Burner E, Zhang M, Terp S
Feasibility and acceptability of a text message-based intervention to reduce overuse of alcohol in emergency department patients: controlled proof-of-concept trial.
The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of and patient satisfaction with a text-based mHealth extension of an emergency department (ED) screening program to reduce risky alcohol use in low-income, urban patients. A case-control study was designed using a SMS text message-capable phones to receive mROAD (mobilizing to Reduce Overuse of Alcohol in the ED), an SMS text message-based extension of the ED screening program. mROAD is a 7-day program of twice-daily SMS text messages based on the NIH Health Rethinking Drinking campaign. Of 1028 patients screened, 9.2% exhibited risky alcohol use based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in the ED. Almost a quarter of the patients did not have an SMS text-messaging capable phone, leaving 76% eligible patients. Changes in behavior were similar between the two groups. The number of drinking days reported in the prior 30 days decreased by 5 and the number of heavy drinking days decreased by 4.1. Patients reported an 11-point increase in motivation to change alcohol use via the Change Questionnaire.
AHRQ-funded; HS022402.
Citation: Burner E, Zhang M, Terp S .
Feasibility and acceptability of a text message-based intervention to reduce overuse of alcohol in emergency department patients: controlled proof-of-concept trial.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020 Jun 4;8(6):e17557. doi: 10.2196/17557..
Keywords: Alcohol Use, Substance Abuse, Emergency Department, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Screening, Prevention
Wolff C, Dowd WN, Ali MM
AHRQ Author: McClellan C
The impact of the abuse-deterrent reformulation of extended-release OxyContin on prescription pain reliever misuse and heroin initiation.
The introduction of abuse-deterrent OxyContin in 2010 was intended to reduce its misuse by making it more tamper resistant. However, some studies have suggested that this reformulation might have had unintended consequences, such as increases in heroin-related deaths. In this study, the investigators used the 2005-2014 cross-sectional U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health to explore the impact of this reformulation on intermediate outcomes that precede heroin-related deaths for individuals with a history of OxyContin misuse.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Wolff C, Dowd WN, Ali MM .
The impact of the abuse-deterrent reformulation of extended-release OxyContin on prescription pain reliever misuse and heroin initiation.
Addict Behav 2020 Jun;105:106268. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106268..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Prevention, Pain, Substance Abuse
O'Connor E, Thomas R, Senger CA
Interventions to prevent illicit and nonmedical drug use in children, adolescents, and young adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The authors reviewed the benefits and harms of interventions to prevent illicit and nonmedical drug use in children, adolescents, and young adults to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. They found that the evidence for behavioral counseling interventions to prevent initiation of illicit and nonmedical drug use among adolescents and young adults was inconsistent and imprecise, with some interventions associated with reduction in use and others associated with no benefit or increased use. Health, social, and legal outcomes were sparsely reported, and few showed improvements.
AHRQ-funded; 2902015000017I.
Citation: O'Connor E, Thomas R, Senger CA .
Interventions to prevent illicit and nonmedical drug use in children, adolescents, and young adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 May 26;323(20):2067-79. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1432..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Young Adults, Substance Abuse, Primary Care, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Burstein D, Baird J, Bratberg J
Pharmacist attitudes toward pharmacy-based naloxone: a cross-sectional survey study.
This study examined pharmacist attitudes towards recommending pharmacy-based naloxone (PBN). The authors looked at the influence of gender, practice setting, number of years of practice, state location, and PBN involvement. Barriers and facilitators were also assessed. A 71-question survey was mailed to approximately 2900 licensed pharmacists in Massachusetts and Rhode Island and was open from April 5, 2016 until July 13, 2016. Out of those 2900, 402 responded (13%) and 245 were included in the analyses. The majority (79%) identified as White and 127 (51.8%) indicated that they had dispensed naloxone, with 85 having done so in the past 30 days. The results of the cross-sectional survey was used to develop the Opioid Overdose Prevention Attitude (OOPA) scale which consists of 3 subscales: Opioid Overdose Prevention Attitude, Public Health Attitude, and Naxolone Dispensing Attitude. Pharmacists working in a pharmacy that had a standing order or collaborative practice agreement to dispense naxolone without a physician’s prescription had a more positive attitude than other pharmacists.
AHRQ-funded; HS024021.
Citation: Burstein D, Baird J, Bratberg J .
Pharmacist attitudes toward pharmacy-based naloxone: a cross-sectional survey study.
J Am Pharm Assoc 2020 Mar-Apr;60(2):304-10. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2019.11.004.
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Keywords: Medication, Provider: Pharmacist, Provider, Opioids, Substance Abuse, Prevention
Hwang CS, Chang HY, Alexander GC
Impact of abuse-deterrent OxyContin on prescription opioid utilization.
The researchers quantified the degree to which the August 2010 reformulation of abuse-deterrent OxyContin affected its use, as well as the use of alternative extended-release and immediate-release opioids. They found that the market debut of abuse-deterrent OxyContin was associated with declines in its use after accounting for the simultaneous contraction of the generic extended-release oxycodone market.
AHRQ-funded; HS018960.
Citation: Hwang CS, Chang HY, Alexander GC .
Impact of abuse-deterrent OxyContin on prescription opioid utilization.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2015 Feb;24(2):197-204. doi: 10.1002/pds.3723.
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Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Prevention, Substance Abuse