National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Caregiving (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (8)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Hospitalization (2)
- Hospitals (1)
- Influenza (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- (-) Mortality (8)
- Outcomes (2)
- Palliative Care (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Policy (1)
- Public Health (1)
- Risk (1)
- Sepsis (2)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedBogetz JF, Revette A, Rosenberg AR
"I could never prepare for something like the death of my own child": parental perspectives on preparedness at end of life for children with complex chronic conditions.
This study’s goal was to elucidate aspects important to preparedness at end of life (EOL) among bereaved parents of children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs). Participants answered 21 open-response queries on communication, decision-making, and EOL experiences as part of the Survey of Caring for Children with CCCs. Findings showed that most bereaved parents of children with CCCs described feeling unprepared for their child's EOL, despite palliative care and advance care planning, suggesting preparedness is a nuanced concept beyond "readiness." Recommendations included more research to identify supportive elements among parents facing their child's EOL.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Bogetz JF, Revette A, Rosenberg AR .
"I could never prepare for something like the death of my own child": parental perspectives on preparedness at end of life for children with complex chronic conditions.
J Pain Symptom Manage 2020 Dec;60(6):1154-62.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.06.035..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Caregiving, Mortality, Chronic Conditions, Palliative Care
Slatnick LR, Thornhill D, Deakyne Davies
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in children in the emergency department with suspected sepsis.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of early disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) on illness severity in children using a database of emergency department ED encounters for children with suspected sepsis, in view of similar associations in adults. The investigators concluded that a DIC score of ≥3 was an independent predictor for both vasopressor use and mortality in this pediatric cohort, distinct from the adult overt DIC score cutoff of ≥5.
AHRQ-funded; HS025696.
Citation: Slatnick LR, Thornhill D, Deakyne Davies .
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in children in the emergency department with suspected sepsis.
J Pediatr 2020 Oct;225:198-206.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.06.022..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Sepsis, Adverse Events, Mortality, Patient Safety, Outcomes
Chaiyachati BH, Wood JN, Mitra N
All-cause mortality among children in the US foster care system, 2003-2016.
This letter provides data from a cross-sectional analysis of the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System on mortality rates among children in the US foster care system compared to the general population. The rate was found to be significantly higher for children in foster care (35.4 deaths per 100,000 person-years vs 25.0 for the general population). The highest mortality rates were among African-American children at 43.8 deaths per 100,000 person-years. Older children ages 15-18 had the highest mortality rate per years. Two major limitations of the analysis are that children in foster care are unable to be excluded from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data file, and more deaths in foster care were excluded relative to person-years in foster care because of incomplete demographic data.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Chaiyachati BH, Wood JN, Mitra N .
All-cause mortality among children in the US foster care system, 2003-2016.
JAMA Pediatr 2020 Sep;174(9):896-98. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0715..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Vulnerable Populations, Mortality
Auger KA, Shah SS, Richardson T
Association between statewide school closure and COVID-19 incidence and mortality in the US.
This study examined whether school closures between March and May due to the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with decreased COVID-19 incidence and mortality. States were examined in quartiles using the number of cases per 100,000 population. States with the lowest cumulative incidence had the most significant decline (-72%) in cases compared to states with the highest incidence (-49%). States that closed schools earlier had the largest reduction in incidence and mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS024735, HS026763, HS025138.
Citation: Auger KA, Shah SS, Richardson T .
Association between statewide school closure and COVID-19 incidence and mortality in the US.
JAMA 2020 Sep;324(9):859-70. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.14348..
Keywords: COVID-19, Public Health, Children/Adolescents, Policy, Mortality
Lindell RB, Nishisaki A, Weiss SL
Risk of mortality in immunocompromised children with severe sepsis and septic shock.
This study’s objective was to assess the risk of mortality for immunocompromised children admitted to the hospital with septic shock or sepsis. This retrospective multicenter cohort study used eighty-three centers in the Virtual Pediatric systems database. The cohort included children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with severe sepsis or septic shock from 2012-2016. Across 83 centers, 10,768 PICU admissions with an International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification code for severe sepsis or septic shock were identified; with 3,021 of these patients (28%) having an immunocompromised diagnosis. PICU mortality rates varied widely by center, and those centers with a higher mean number of sepsis patients per month in a center had a lower PICU mortality rate. Multiple prior malignancies, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, congenital immunodeficiency, and hematopoietic cell transplant are conditions independently associated with an increased odds of PICU mortality in children with severe sepsis or septic shock.
AHRQ-funded; HS024511; HS026939; HS021583; HS022464.
Citation: Lindell RB, Nishisaki A, Weiss SL .
Risk of mortality in immunocompromised children with severe sepsis and septic shock.
Crit Care Med 2020 Jul;48(7):1026-33. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004329..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Mortality, Sepsis, Risk, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospitalization, Hospitals
Lee GE, Fisher BT, Xiao R
Burden of influenza-related hospitalizations and attributable mortality in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
The researchers investigated the rate of influenza hospitalizations and attributable mortality in children with cancer. They concluded that the burden of influenza-related hospitalizations in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is high and associated with significantly increased resource utilization and attributable mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS020939.
Citation: Lee GE, Fisher BT, Xiao R .
Burden of influenza-related hospitalizations and attributable mortality in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2015 Dec;4(4):290-6. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piu066..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Hospitalization, Influenza, Mortality, Children/Adolescents
Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N
Pulmonary support on day of life 30 is a strong predictor of increased 1 and 5-year morbidity in survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
The researchers aimed to determine if the degree of pulmonary support (PS) on day of life 30 (DOL-30) could be a simple cross-institutional tool for identifying those patients with a higher risk of long-term morbidity. They found that PS on DOL-30 is a strong independent predictor of morbidity at 1 and 5-years and may be used as a simple prognostic tool to identify high-risk infants.
AHRQ-funded; HS019485.
Citation: Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N .
Pulmonary support on day of life 30 is a strong predictor of increased 1 and 5-year morbidity in survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
J Pediatr Surg 2015 May;50(5):849-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.12.007..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Mortality, Outcomes
Conlon TW, Falkensammer CB, Hammond RS
Association of left ventricular systolic function and vasopressor support with survival following pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
This study characterizes the association of hospital discharge survival with left ventricular systolic function evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography and vasoactive infusion support following return of spontaneous circulation after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. It found that in patients receiving transthoracic echocardiography within the first 24 hours, decreased left ventricular systolic function and vasopressor use were common.
AHRQ-funded; HS022464.
Citation: Conlon TW, Falkensammer CB, Hammond RS .
Association of left ventricular systolic function and vasopressor support with survival following pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2015 Feb;16(2):146-54. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000000305..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Hospital Discharge, Mortality, Heart Disease and Health