National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Alcohol Use (1)
- Behavioral Health (12)
- Blood Pressure (2)
- Cancer (4)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Ovarian Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (3)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Case Study (10)
- Children/Adolescents (6)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Colonoscopy (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Elderly (3)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (13)
- Family Health and History (2)
- Genetics (2)
- Guidelines (7)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Health Promotion (3)
- Hepatitis (2)
- Imaging (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Medication (1)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Osteoporosis (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Pregnancy (2)
- Prevention (14)
- Primary Care (8)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Risk (5)
- Screening (23)
- Stroke (1)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Tobacco Use (2)
- (-) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (36)
- Vitamins and Supplements (3)
- Women (3)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 36 of 36 Research Studies DisplayedGalbraith JW, Franco RA, Donnelly JP
Unrecognized chronic hepatitis C virus infection among baby boomers in the emergency department.
The researchers described early experience with integrated opt-out HCV antibody (Ab) screening of medically stable baby boomers presenting to an urban academic ED. They observed high prevalence of unrecognized chronic HCV infection in this series of baby boomers presenting to the ED, highlighting the ED as an important venue for high-impact HCV screening and linkage to care.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Galbraith JW, Franco RA, Donnelly JP .
Unrecognized chronic hepatitis C virus infection among baby boomers in the emergency department.
Hepatology 2015 Mar;61(3):776-82. doi: 10.1002/hep.27410.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Hepatitis, Screening, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Emergency Department
Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez I
Screening for primary hypertension in children and adolescents.
This article presents a case study about a 14-year-old black adolescent who presents for a routine school physical examination. Her mother tells you that she and her husband have hypertension, and they worry about their daughter’s blood pressure. She asks you whether her child should be periodically checked for high blood pressure. The case study was coordinated with the AHRQ-administered US Preventive Services Task Force and published online on the American Academy of Family Practice website.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K .
Screening for primary hypertension in children and adolescents.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Feb 15;91(4):257-8..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Blood Pressure, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Case Study
Piper MA, Evans CV, Burda BU
Diagnostic and predictive accuracy of blood pressure screening methods with consideration of rescreening intervals: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this paper is to update a systematic review on the benefits and harms of screening for high BP in adults and to summarize evidence on rescreening intervals and diagnostic and predictive accuracy of different BP methods for cardiovascular events. It concluded that evidence supports ambulatory blood pressure monitoring as the reference standard for confirming elevated office BP screening results to avoid misdiagnosis and overtreatment of persons with isolated clinic hypertension.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200151I.
Citation: Piper MA, Evans CV, Burda BU .
Diagnostic and predictive accuracy of blood pressure screening methods with consideration of rescreening intervals: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Feb 3;162(3):192-204. doi: 10.7326/m14-1539..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
DeFrank JT, Barclay C, Sheridan S
The psychological harms of screening: the evidence we have versus the evidence we need.
The study’s purpose was to understand the extent of evidence on psychological harms. The researchers reviewed 68 studies and developed an evidence map that quantifies the distribution of evidence on psychological harms for five adult screening services. They found that the evidence for psychological harms of screening is inadequate in number of studies and in research design and measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: DeFrank JT, Barclay C, Sheridan S .
The psychological harms of screening: the evidence we have versus the evidence we need.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Feb;30(2):242-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-2996-5..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies
LeBlanc ES, Zakher B, Daeges M
Screening for vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
This review of benefits and harms associated with vitamin screening in asymptomatic adults found that treatment of vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults might reduce mortality risk in institutionalized elderly persons and risks for falls but not fractures.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710057I
Citation: LeBlanc ES, Zakher B, Daeges M .
Screening for vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med. 2015 Jan 20;162(2):109-22. doi: 10.7326/M14-1659..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Vitamins and Supplements, Screening, Elderly, Prevention
Lee K, Rossi C
AHRQ Author: Lee K
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women.
L.M. is a 37-year-old nonsmoking woman who is not taking any medications and has no significant past medical problems. As breast cancer runs in her family, she is interested in genetic testing for breast cancer. This case study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee K, Rossi C .
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Jan 15;91(2):119-20.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Case Study, Family Health and History, Genetics, Prevention, Risk, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Women
Rugge JB, Bougatsos C, Chou R
Screening and treatment of thyroid dysfunction: an evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
This review is an update of a 2004 USPSTF review on the benefits and harms of screening and treatment of subclinical and undiagnosed overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in adults without goiter or thyroid nodules. It concluded that no study evaluated treatment versus no treatment of screen-detected, undiagnosed overt thyroid dysfunction.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710057I
Citation: Rugge JB, Bougatsos C, Chou R .
Screening and treatment of thyroid dysfunction: an evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med. 2015 Jan 6;162(1):35-45. doi: 10.7326/M14-1456..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Prevention, Chronic Conditions
Smieliauskas F, MacMahon H, Salgia R
Geographic variation in radiologist capacity and widespread implementation of lung cancer CT screening.
The researchers estimated the prevalence of capacity constraints in the radiologist workforce and resulting potential disparities in access to lung cancer screening. They found that scaling up lung cancer screening would increase imaging procedures by an average of 4% across Health Service Areas (HSAs). HSAs that were rural, with many eligible smokers, and disproportionately Hispanic or low-income smokers had significantly higher odds of facing capacity constraints.
AHRQ-funded; HS018535.
Citation: Smieliauskas F, MacMahon H, Salgia R .
Geographic variation in radiologist capacity and widespread implementation of lung cancer CT screening.
J Med Screen 2014 Dec;21(4):207-15. doi: 10.1177/0969141314548055..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Screening, Imaging
Elstad EA, Sheridan SL, Lee JG
Have screening harms become newsworthy? News coverage of prostate and colorectal cancer screening since the 2008 USPSTF recommendation changes.
The researchers aimed to determine whether newspapers portrayed screening for prostate and colorectal cancers differently after the 2008 USPSTF recommendation changes. In US newspapers from 2005 to 2012, they found that benefits in prostate cancer screening articles and harms and benefits in colonoscopy articles did not change over time, but mentions of prostate cancer screening harms increased after 2008. They concluded that consumers, especially lay consumers, are receiving unbalanced information on cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133; HS000032.
Citation: Elstad EA, Sheridan SL, Lee JG .
Have screening harms become newsworthy? News coverage of prostate and colorectal cancer screening since the 2008 USPSTF recommendation changes.
J Behav Med 2014 Dec;37(6):1242-51. doi: 10.1007/s10865-014-9572-7.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Goodwin JS, Jaramillo E, Yang L
Is anyone listening? Variation in PSA screening among providers for men 75+ before and after United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations against it: a retrospective cohort study.
The authors assessed prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening by primary care physicians (PCPs) before and after the 2008 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations. They found that the USPSTF recommendation did not increase consensus among PCPs regarding PSA screening of older men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Goodwin JS, Jaramillo E, Yang L .
Is anyone listening? Variation in PSA screening among providers for men 75+ before and after United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations against it: a retrospective cohort study.
PLoS One 2014 Sep 10;9(9):e107352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107352.
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Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Practice Patterns, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Nelson HD, Pappas M, Zakher B
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women: a systematic review to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation.
This systematic review was done in support of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) updated recommendation on the benefit and harms of risk assessment, genetic testing, and genetic counseling for BRCA-related cancer in women. A systematic review was done on literature from 2004 to July 30, 2013 from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Health Technology Assessment, Scopus, and reference lists. Data on the participants, study design, analysis, follow-up, and results was extracted and a second investigator confirmed key data. The studies were rated on study quality and applicability. The analysis found women with high-risk for breast cancer had decreased risk of breast cancer by 85% to 100% by having a mastectomy, and risk of mortality by 81% to 100% compared to women without surgery. There was also a lower risk of breast and ovarian cancer after having salpingo-oopherectomy surgery.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710057
Citation: Nelson HD, Pappas M, Zakher B .
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women: a systematic review to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation.
Ann Intern Med 2014 Feb 18;160(4):255-66. doi: 10.7326/m13-1684..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Genetics, Screening, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Risk, Family Health and History