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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- (-) Cancer (13)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (13)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (3)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Imaging (1)
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- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (6)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedChou R, Gore JL, Buckley D
Urinary biomarkers for diagnosis of bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The authors systematically reviewed the evidence on the accuracy of urinary biomarkers for diagnosis of bladder cancer in adults who have signs or symptoms of the disease or are undergoing surveillance for recurrent disease. Their review concluded that urinary biomarkers miss a substantial proportion of patients with bladder cancer and are subject to false-positive results in others.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200014I.
Citation: Chou R, Gore JL, Buckley D .
Urinary biomarkers for diagnosis of bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Dec 15;163(12):922-31. doi: 10.7326/m15-0997.
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Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Veluswamy RR, Ezer N, Mhango G
Limited resection versus lobectomy for older patients with early-stage lung cancer: Impact of histology.
The researchers used population-based data to assess the equivalency of limited resection versus lobectomy among older patients with stage IA invasive adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma less than 2 cm in size. They found generally that limited resection is not equivalent to lobectomy in older patients with invasive non–small-cell lung cancer, although segmentectomy may be equivalent in patients with adenocarcinoma.
AHRQ-funded; HS019670.
Citation: Veluswamy RR, Ezer N, Mhango G .
Limited resection versus lobectomy for older patients with early-stage lung cancer: Impact of histology.
J Clin Oncol 2015 Oct 20;33(30):3447-53. doi: 10.1200/jco.2014.60.6624..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Surgery
Du XL, Zhang Y, Parikh RC
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy regimens in prolonging survival for two large population-based cohorts of elderly adults with breast and colon cancer in 1992-2009.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of chemotherapy in prolonging survival according to age in breast and colon cancer. It found that the effectiveness of chemotherapy decreased with age in participants with breast cancer, in whom chemotherapy appears to be effective until age 79 except for the doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide combination, which was effective in participants aged 80 to 84.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Du XL, Zhang Y, Parikh RC .
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy regimens in prolonging survival for two large population-based cohorts of elderly adults with breast and colon cancer in 1992-2009.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2015 Aug;63(8):1570-82. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13523..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Resnick MJ, Barocas DA, Morgans AK
The evolution of self-reported urinary and sexual dysfunction over the last two decades: implications for comparative effectiveness research.
This study evaluated differences in pretreatment urinary and sexual function in two population-based cohorts of men with prostate cancer enrolled nearly 20 yrs. apart. It concluded that reporting of pretreatment urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction has increased over the past two decades. These findings may reflect sociological changes including heightened media attention and direct-to-consumer marketing, among other potential explanations.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640; HS022990.
Citation: Resnick MJ, Barocas DA, Morgans AK .
The evolution of self-reported urinary and sexual dysfunction over the last two decades: implications for comparative effectiveness research.
Eur Urol 2015 Jun;67(6):1019-25. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.08.035..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Cancer, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Sexual Health
Chou R, Cuevas C, Fu R
Imaging techniques for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This review evaluated the test performance of ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It concluded that CT and MRI are associated with higher sensitivity than ultrasonography without contrast for detection of HCC. For detection of focal liver lesions, the sensitivities of all three techniques are similar.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710057I
Citation: Chou R, Cuevas C, Fu R .
Imaging techniques for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med. 2015 May 19;162(10):697-711. doi: 10.7326/m14-2509..
Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Imaging
Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N
The effect of graft type on mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
The researchers aimed to: (1) examine the risk of mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), (2) to establish if this risk is affected by partial graft use, and (3) to determine if this effect is mitigated by improved tumor-associated risk stratification. They found that the risk of mortality following LT does not differ by the type of graft used in recipients with favorable-risk HCC or those without HCC.
AHRQ-funded; HS019485.
Citation: Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N .
The effect of graft type on mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ann Transplant 2015 Mar 30;20:175-85. doi: 10.12659/aot.892613..
Keywords: Mortality, Cancer, Transplantation, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes
Ko EM, Sturmer T, Hong JL
Metformin and the risk of endometrial cancer: a population-based cohort study.
The researchers sought to estimate the risk of incident endometrial cancer in women who were new users of metformin compared to new users of sulfonylureas. They did not find a difference in cancer incidence in new initiators of metformin compared with sulfonylureas in the population under study.
AHRQ-funded; HS017950.
Citation: Ko EM, Sturmer T, Hong JL .
Metformin and the risk of endometrial cancer: a population-based cohort study.
Gynecol Oncol 2015 Feb;136(2):341-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.12.001..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Cancer, Medication, Risk
Cooper AB, Parmar AD, Riall TS
Does the use of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma increase postoperative morbidity and mortality rates?
The researchers used data from the NSQIP Pancreatectomy Demonstration Project (11/2011 to 12/2012) to identify patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who did and did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. They found that despite evidence for more extensive disease, patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy did not experience more complications. Neoadjuvant radiation was associated with lower pancreatic fistula rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Cooper AB, Parmar AD, Riall TS .
Does the use of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma increase postoperative morbidity and mortality rates?
J Gastrointest Surg 2015 Jan;19(1):80-6; discussion 86-7. doi: 10.1007/s11605-014-2620-3..
Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Mortality
Gerber DE, Pruitt SL, Halm EA
Should criteria for inclusion in cancer clinical trials be expanded?
The authors argue that the time is right to take a more evidence-based approach to assessing the validity of many traditional exclusion criteria for cancer clinical trials. Furthermore, for investigators, it is critically important that their selection of inclusion and exclusion criteria be thoughtful, deliberate and justified. To accomplish this, they will need to use an array of methodological approaches to assess their validity and impact.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Gerber DE, Pruitt SL, Halm EA .
Should criteria for inclusion in cancer clinical trials be expanded?
J Comp Eff Res 2015;4(4):289-91. doi: 10.2217/cer.15.27..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Tien YY, Link BK, Brooks JM
Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the elderly: regimens without anthracyclines are common and not futile.
This study characterized treatment choices and compared the 3-year overall survival rates of 8262 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in 2000 – 2006. It found that patients treated with anthracycline-containing regimens with rituximab have the highest survival rates when all available clinical features are accounted for.
AHRQ-funded; HS016094.
Citation: Tien YY, Link BK, Brooks JM .
Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the elderly: regimens without anthracyclines are common and not futile.
Leuk Lymphoma 2015 Jan;56(1):65-71. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2014.903589..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Medicare, Outcomes, Cancer, Mortality
Dood RL, Gracia CR, Sammel MD
Endometrial cancer after endometrial ablation vs medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding.
The authors investigated whether endometrial ablation is associated with increased risk or delayed diagnosis of endometrial cancer compared with medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding. They observed no difference in endometrial cancer rates, nor was there a delay in diagnosis when comparing endometrial ablation vs medical management.
AHRQ-funded; HS021336.
Citation: Dood RL, Gracia CR, Sammel MD .
Endometrial cancer after endometrial ablation vs medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding.
J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014 Sep-Oct;21(5):744-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.02.012.
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Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Women
Feudtner C, Freedman J, Kang T
Comparative effectiveness of senna to prevent problematic constipation in pediatric oncology patients receiving opioids: a multicenter study of clinically detailed administrative data.
The researcher investigated senna’s effectiveness, compared with other prophylactic oral bowel medications, in reducing opioid-induced constipation in pediatric cancer patients. They found that initiating senna therapy within two days of starting opioids, compared with initiating another oral bowel medication, was significantly associated with a lower risk of problematic constipation.
AHRQ-funded; HS018425.
Citation: Feudtner C, Freedman J, Kang T .
Comparative effectiveness of senna to prevent problematic constipation in pediatric oncology patients receiving opioids: a multicenter study of clinically detailed administrative data.
J Pain Symptom Manage 2014 Aug;48(2):272-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.09.009..
Keywords: Cancer, Children/Adolescents, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Medication
Martinez KA, Aslakson RA, Wilson RF
A systematic review of health care interventions for pain in patients with advanced cancer.
The authors sought to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of pain-focused interventions in patients with advanced cancer. In nineteen studies, they found moderate strength of evidence that pain management in advanced cancer can be improved using health care interventions, particularly nurse-led patient-centered interventions.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710061.
Citation: Martinez KA, Aslakson RA, Wilson RF .
A systematic review of health care interventions for pain in patients with advanced cancer.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2014 Feb;31(1):79-86. doi: 10.1177/1049909113476129.
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Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Pain, Palliative Care, Quality Improvement