National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (2)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- (-) Hepatitis (13)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (3)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Medication (5)
- Mortality (1)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (1)
- Patient Safety (2)
- Prevention (2)
- Risk (4)
- Screening (3)
- Treatments (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedLo Re VR, Zeldow B, Kallan MJ
Risk of liver decompensation with cumulative use of mitochondrial toxic nucleoside analogues in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection.
This cohort study was conducted to determine if cumulative mitochondrial toxic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (mtNRTI) use increased the risk of hepatic decompensation and death among patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). The findings suggest that cumulative mtNRTI use may increase the risk of hepatic decompensation and death in HIV/HCV coinfection and should be avoided when alternatives exist for HIV/HCV patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018372.
Citation: Lo Re VR, Zeldow B, Kallan MJ .
Risk of liver decompensation with cumulative use of mitochondrial toxic nucleoside analogues in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2017 Oct;26(10):1172-81. doi: 10.1002/pds.4258..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Patient Safety
McMahon BJ, Bruden D, Townsend-Bulson L
Infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 is an independent risk factor for end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death.
The researchers examined the association of 11 risk factors with adverse outcomes in a population-based prospective cohort observational study of Alaska Native/American Indian persons with chronic infection. They found those infected with HCV genotype 3 to be at high risk for end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: McMahon BJ, Bruden D, Townsend-Bulson L .
Infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 is an independent risk factor for end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017 Mar;15(3):431-37.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.10.012.
.
.
Keywords: Hepatitis, Cancer, Kidney Disease and Health, Risk, Mortality
Schmajuk G, Tonner C, Trupin L
Using health-system-wide data to understand hepatitis B virus prophylaxis and reactivation outcomes in patients receiving rituximab.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in the setting of rituximab use is a potentially fatal but preventable safety event. The rate of HBV screening and proportion of patients at risk who receive antiviral prophylaxis in patients initiating rituximab is unknown. This study found wide variations in hepatitis B screening practices among patients receiving rituximab, resulting in unnecessary risks to patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023558; HS024412.
Citation: Schmajuk G, Tonner C, Trupin L .
Using health-system-wide data to understand hepatitis B virus prophylaxis and reactivation outcomes in patients receiving rituximab.
Medicine 2017 Mar;96(13):e6528. doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000006528.
.
.
Keywords: Hepatitis, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Medication, Prevention, Patient Safety
Linas BP, Morgan JR, Pho MT
Cost effectiveness and cost containment in the era of interferon-free therapies to treat hepatitis c virus genotype 1.
This study used Monte Carlo simulation to investigate budgetary impact and cost effectiveness of treatment policies for interferon-free regimens to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 and to identify strategies that balance access with cost control. It found that among noncirrhotic patients, using the least costly interferon-free regimen, even if it is not single tablet or once daily, is the cost-control strategy that results in best outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022433.
Citation: Linas BP, Morgan JR, Pho MT .
Cost effectiveness and cost containment in the era of interferon-free therapies to treat hepatitis c virus genotype 1.
Open Forum Infect Dis 2017 Winter;4(1):ofw266. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofw266.
.
.
Keywords: Hepatitis, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Costs, Treatments
Saeed MJ, Olsen MA, Powderly WG
Diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risk of developing decompensated cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C patients.
This study investigated the association of diabetes with risk of decompensated cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). In a privately insured US population with CHC, the rates of decompensated cirrhosis per 1000 person-years were: 185.5 for persons with baseline cirrhosis and diabetes, 119.8 for persons with cirrhosis and no diabetes, 35.3 for persons with no cirrhosis and diabetes, and 17.1 for persons with no cirrhosis and no diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Saeed MJ, Olsen MA, Powderly WG .
Diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risk of developing decompensated cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C patients.
J Clin Gastroenterol 2017 Jan;51(1):70-76. doi: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000566.
.
.
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Hepatitis, Risk
Beckman AL, Bilinski A, Boyko R
New hepatitis C drugs are very costly and unavailable to many state prisoners.
This study found that in the forty-one states whose departments of corrections reported data, 106,266 inmates (10 percent of their prisoners) were known to have hepatitis C on or about January 1, 2015. Only 949 of those inmates were being treated. Prices for a twelve-week course of direct-acting antivirals such as sofosbuvir and the combination drug ledipasvir/sofosbuvir varied widely as of September 30, 2015 ($43,418-$84,000 and $44,421-$94,500, respectively).
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Beckman AL, Bilinski A, Boyko R .
New hepatitis C drugs are very costly and unavailable to many state prisoners.
Health Aff 2016 Oct;35(10):1893-901. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0296.
.
.
Keywords: Access to Care, Healthcare Costs, Hepatitis, Medication, Vulnerable Populations
Tetrault JM, Tate JP, Edelman EJ
Hepatic safety of buprenorphine in HIV-Infected and uninfected patients with opioid use disorder: the role of HCV-infection.
The purpose of this paper was to examine risk for buprenorphine (BUP)-associated hepatotoxicity among individuals with HIV and HCV. The authors found that liver enzymes and total bilirubin are rarely elevated in HIV-infected and uninfected patients receiving BUP, and that the risk of hepatotoxicity was greater in individuals infected with HIV, HCV, or HIV/HCV co-infection, who may benefit from increased monitoring.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112; HS018372.
Citation: Tetrault JM, Tate JP, Edelman EJ .
Hepatic safety of buprenorphine in HIV-Infected and uninfected patients with opioid use disorder: the role of HCV-infection.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2016 Sep;68:62-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2016.06.002.
.
.
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Risk
Simons BC, Spradling PR, Bruden DJ
A longitudinal hepatitis B vaccine cohort demonstrates long-lasting hepatitis B virus (HBV) cellular immunity despite loss of antibody against HBV surface antigen.
The purpose of this paper is to determine long-lasting protection resulting from hepatitis B vaccine, despite loss of antibody against hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (anti-HBs). All participants tested positive for tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 10, or interleukin 6 production by HBV surface antigen-specific T cells. No participant had evidence of breakthrough HBV infection. The authors concluded that protection afforded by primary immunization with plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine during childhood and adulthood lasts at least 32 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Simons BC, Spradling PR, Bruden DJ .
A longitudinal hepatitis B vaccine cohort demonstrates long-lasting hepatitis B virus (HBV) cellular immunity despite loss of antibody against HBV surface antigen.
J Infect Dis 2016 Jul 15;214(2):273-80. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw142.
.
.
Keywords: Hepatitis, Prevention, Vaccination
Donnelly JP, Franco RA, Wang HE
Emergency department screening for hepatitis C virus: geographic reach and spatial clustering in central Alabama.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a growing problem, disproportionately affecting those born between 1945 and 1965. Here, we demonstrate the wide geographic reach and surveillance potential of emergency department-based screening and identify areas of elevated HCV infection in central Alabama that were socioeconomically disadvantaged compared with surrounding communities.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Donnelly JP, Franco RA, Wang HE .
Emergency department screening for hepatitis C virus: geographic reach and spatial clustering in central Alabama.
Clin Infect Dis 2016 Mar 1;62(5):613-6. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ984.
.
.
Keywords: Hepatitis, Screening, Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Ali M, Yopp A, Gopal P
A variant in PNPLA3 associated with fibrosis progression but not hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.
This study evaluated the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PNPLA3 and fibrosis progression and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among HCV-infected patients. The authors performed a secondary analysis of data from participants in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) trial. They concluded that, based on data from the HALT-C trial, the PNPLA3 CG/GG SNP at rs738409 is associated with fibrosis progression but not development of HCC in patients with HCV infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Ali M, Yopp A, Gopal P .
A variant in PNPLA3 associated with fibrosis progression but not hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016 Feb;14(2):295-300. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.08.018.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Hepatitis, Genetics
Majid A, McAninch J, Morgan DJ
Predictors of early treatment discontinuation in a cohort of patients treated with boceprevir-based therapy for hepatitis C infection.
This study aimed to assess early treatment discontinuation rates and identify underlying risk factors for discontinuation in a real-world boceprevir-based treatment cohort. Nearly half of patients started on boceprevir-based hepatitis C triple therapy stopped treatment by 24 weeks, with more discontinuing because of treatment intolerance than virologic failure. Early discontinuation was significantly more common in patients with comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS018111.
Citation: Majid A, McAninch J, Morgan DJ .
Predictors of early treatment discontinuation in a cohort of patients treated with boceprevir-based therapy for hepatitis C infection.
J Viral Hepat 2014 Aug;21(8):585-9. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12201.
.
.
Keywords: Hepatitis, Adverse Events, Medication, Risk
Yehia BR, Herati RS, Fleishman JA
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Hepatitis C virus testing in adults living with HIV: a need for improved screening efforts.
The authors sought to understand hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing practices in people living with HIV (PLWH) in order to improve compliance with guidelines and help identify areas for future intervention. They concluded that additional efforts to improve compliance with HCV testing guidelines are needed.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Yehia BR, Herati RS, Fleishman JA .
Hepatitis C virus testing in adults living with HIV: a need for improved screening efforts.
PLoS One 2014 Jul 17;9(7):e102766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102766.
.
.
Keywords: Guidelines, Healthcare Utilization, Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Screening
Southern WN, Drainoni ML, Smith BD
Physician nonadherence with a hepatitis C screening program.
The researchers sought to measure adherence to an hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening protocol during a multifaceted continuous intervention. They found that overall adherence to the guideline was low, suggesting that attitudinal and external barriers remained. They concluded that when implementing complex clinical practice guidelines, planners must address attitudinal and external barriers to maximize adherence.
AHRQ-funded; 2902006000012.
Citation: Southern WN, Drainoni ML, Smith BD .
Physician nonadherence with a hepatitis C screening program.
Qual Manag Health Care 2014 Jan-Mar;23(1):1-9. doi: 10.1097/qmh.0000000000000007..
Keywords: Hepatitis, Screening, Patient Adherence/Compliance