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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 50 of 219 Research Studies DisplayedLeshem E, Tate JE, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner. CA
National estimates of reductions in acute gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and associated costs in US children after implementation of rotavirus vaccines.
The study compared acute gastroenteritis (AGE)-related hospitalization rates among children <5 years of age during the pre-rotavirus vaccine (2000-2006) and post-rotavirus vaccine (2008-2013) periods to estimate national reductions in AGE-related hospitalizations and associated costs.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Leshem E, Tate JE, Steiner CA .
National estimates of reductions in acute gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and associated costs in US children after implementation of rotavirus vaccines.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2017 Aug 17;7(3):257-60. doi: 10.1093/jpids/pix057..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Vaccination
Chen LM, Epstein AM, Orav EJ
Association of practice-level social and medical risk with performance in the Medicare physician value-based payment modifier program.
The objective of this cross-sectional observational study was to compare performance in the Physician Value-Based Payment Modifier (PVBM) Program by practice characteristics. The investigators found that during the first year of the Medicare Physician Value-Based Payment Modifier Program, physician practices that served more socially high-risk patients had lower quality and lower costs, and practices that served more medically high-risk patients had lower quality and higher costs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024698.
Citation: Chen LM, Epstein AM, Orav EJ .
Association of practice-level social and medical risk with performance in the Medicare physician value-based payment modifier program.
JAMA 2017 Aug 1;318(5):453-61. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.9643..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Medicaid, Medicare, Payment, Quality of Care
Chen Y, Lairson DR, Chan W
Cost-effectiveness of novel agents in medicare patients with multiple myeloma: findings from a U.S. payer's perspective.
The researchers sought to determine the cost-effectiveness (measured as cost per life-year saved) of front-line novel agent-based therapy use among a cohort of elderly patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in a real-world setting. They concluded that, given the most common treatment practices in the United States, the use of novel agent-based therapy is not cost-effective at its current level of cost and effectiveness.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Chen Y, Lairson DR, Chan W .
Cost-effectiveness of novel agents in medicare patients with multiple myeloma: findings from a U.S. payer's perspective.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2017 Aug;23(8):831-43. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2017.23.8.831.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Healthcare Costs, Medication
Shih YT, Xu Y, Liu L
Rising prices of targeted oral anticancer medications and associated financial burden on Medicare beneficiaries.
This study examined trends in targeted oral anticancer medication (TOAM) prices and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) payments in Medicare Part D and estimated the actual effects on patient OOP payments of partial filling of the coverage gap by 2012. It concluded that rising TOAM prices threaten the financial relief patients have begun to experience under closure of the coverage gap in Medicare Part D.
AHRQ-funded; HS020263.
Citation: Shih YT, Xu Y, Liu L .
Rising prices of targeted oral anticancer medications and associated financial burden on Medicare beneficiaries.
J Clin Oncol 2017 Aug 1;35(22):2482-89. doi: 10.1200/jco.2017.72.3742.
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Keywords: Cancer, Medication, Healthcare Costs, Medicare, Elderly
Berry JG, Ash AS, Cohen E
Contributions of children with multiple chronic conditions to pediatric hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Researchers assessed how much of US pediatric inpatient care is used by children with multiple chronic conditions (CMCC) and which chronic conditions are the key drivers of hospital use. CMCC accounted for over one-fourth of acute-care hospitalizations and one-half of all hospital dollars for US pediatric care in 2012. Substantial CMCC hospital resource use involves children with mental health-related conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023092.
Citation: Berry JG, Ash AS, Cohen E .
Contributions of children with multiple chronic conditions to pediatric hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Hosp Pediatr 2017 Jul;7(7):365-72. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2016-0179.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Healthcare Costs, Behavioral Health
Jutkowitz E, Kuntz KM, Dowd B
Effects of cognition, function, and behavioral and psychological symptoms on out-of-pocket medical and nursing home expenditures and time spent caregiving for persons with dementia.
This study used cross-sectional data (Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study) to estimate probabilities of experiencing outcomes by clinical features. It found that no clinical feature predicted the probability of having out-of-pocket medical expenditures. For those with medical expenditures, higher cognition and poorer function were associated with more spending.
AHRQ-funded; HS024165.
Citation: Jutkowitz E, Kuntz KM, Dowd B .
Effects of cognition, function, and behavioral and psychological symptoms on out-of-pocket medical and nursing home expenditures and time spent caregiving for persons with dementia.
Alzheimers Dement 2017 Jul;13(7):801-09. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.12.011.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Dementia, Elderly, Healthcare Costs, Long-Term Care, Neurological Disorders, Nursing Homes
Gaskill CE, Kling CE, Varghese TK, Jr.
Financial benefit of a smoking cessation program prior to elective colorectal surgery.
This study aimed to create an economic evaluation framework to estimate the potential value of preoperative smoking cessation programs for patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. It concluded that a preoperative smoking cessation program is predicted to be cost-saving over the global postoperative period if the cost of the intervention is below $304 per patient.
AHRQ-funded; HS020025; HS022959.
Citation: Gaskill CE, Kling CE, Varghese TK, Jr. .
Financial benefit of a smoking cessation program prior to elective colorectal surgery.
J Surg Res 2017 Jul;215:183-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.03.067.
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Keywords: Tobacco Use, Surgery, Healthcare Costs, Adverse Events
Flieger SP
Impact of a patient-centered medical home pilot on utilization, quality, and costs and variation in medical homeness.
This study evaluated the impact of a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) pilot on utilization, costs, and quality and assessed variation in PCMH components. There were no statistically significant findings for utilization, cost, or quality in the expected direction. Medical Home Index (MHI) scores suggest variation in type and level of implemented features.
AHRQ-funded; HS021385.
Citation: Flieger SP .
Impact of a patient-centered medical home pilot on utilization, quality, and costs and variation in medical homeness.
J Ambul Care Manage 2017 Jul/Sep;40(3):228-37. doi: 10.1097/jac.0000000000000162.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Quality of Care, Primary Care, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Utilization
Narla S, Hsu DY, Thyssen JP
Inpatient financial burden of atopic dermatitis in the United States.
Little is known about the inpatient burden of atopic dermatitis (AD). The researchers sought to determine some risk factors and financial-burden of hospitalizations for AD in the US. They found that the high prevalence of hospitalization resulted in total inpatient costs of $8,288,083 per-year for adults and $3,333,868 per-year for children. In conclusion, there is a substantial inpatient financial-burden of AD in the US.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Narla S, Hsu DY, Thyssen JP .
Inpatient financial burden of atopic dermatitis in the United States.
J Invest Dermatol 2017 Jul;137(7):1461-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.975.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Skin Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Hospitalization
Ndumele CD, Schpero WL, Schlesinger MJ
Association between health plan exit from Medicaid managed care and quality of care, 2006-2014.
This study aimed to determine the frequency and interstate variation of health plan exit from Medicaid managed care and evaluate the relationship between health plan exit and market-level quality. It found that between 2006 and 2014, health plan exit from the US Medicaid program was frequent; however the exits were not associated with significant overall changes in quality or patient experience in the plans in the Medicaid market.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589; HS016978.
Citation: Ndumele CD, Schpero WL, Schlesinger MJ .
Association between health plan exit from Medicaid managed care and quality of care, 2006-2014.
JAMA 2017 Jun 27;317(24):2524-31. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.7118.
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Keywords: Medicaid, Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance, Quality of Care
Miller GE, Vistnes J, Buettgens M
AHRQ Author: Miller GE, Vistnes J
The availability and marginal costs of dependent employer-sponsored health insurance.
In this study, the investigators examined differences by firm size in the availability of dependent coverage and the incremental cost of such coverage. They indicate that their results suggest that firm size may be an important factor in policy assessments, such as analyses of the financial implications for families excluded from subsidized Marketplace coverage due to affordable offers of single coverage or of potential rollbacks to public coverage for children.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Miller GE, Vistnes J, Buettgens M .
The availability and marginal costs of dependent employer-sponsored health insurance.
Int J Health Econ Manag 2017 Jun;17(2):251-60. doi: 10.1007/s10754-016-9210-8..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Health Insurance, Healthcare Costs
Aliu O, Zhong L, Chetta MD
Comparing health care resource use between implant and autologous reconstruction of the irradiated breast: a national claims-based assessment.
Nationwide data were used to examine health care resource use associated with implant and autologous reconstruction. Thirty-two percent of implant reconstructions failed, compared with 5 percent of autologous cases. In aggregate, failures constituted more than 20 percent of the cumulative costs of implant reconstruction compared with less than 5 percent for autologous reconstruction.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Aliu O, Zhong L, Chetta MD .
Comparing health care resource use between implant and autologous reconstruction of the irradiated breast: a national claims-based assessment.
Plast Reconstr Surg 2017 Jun;139(6):1224e-31e. doi: 10.1097/prs.0000000000003336.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Healthcare Costs, Surgery
Tajeu GS, Mennemeyer S, Menachemi N
Cost-effectiveness of antihypertensive medication: exploring race and sex differences using data from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study.
The researchers compared the cost-effectiveness of antihypertensive medication treatment versus no-treatment in white and black adults. They concluded that antihypertensive medication treatment is cost-saving and increases quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for all groups considered in the model, particularly among black adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Tajeu GS, Mennemeyer S, Menachemi N .
Cost-effectiveness of antihypertensive medication: exploring race and sex differences using data from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study.
Med Care 2017 Jun;55(6):552-60. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000719.
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Keywords: Medication, Blood Pressure, Healthcare Costs, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Stroke
Woodworth L, Romano PS, Holmes JF
Does insurance status influence a patient's hospital charge?
The objective of this study was to determine whether hospitals charge patients differently based on their insurance status. It concluded that conditional on patient characteristics, length of stay, and expected intensity of resource utilization, patients with private insurance and patients with Medicare were charged more (before discounting) than their uninsured counterparts within the same hospital.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Woodworth L, Romano PS, Holmes JF .
Does insurance status influence a patient's hospital charge?
Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2017 Jun;15(3):353-62. doi: 10.1007/s40258-017-0308-z.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance, Hospitals, Medicare, Uninsured
Geri G, Fahrenbruch C, Meischke H
Effects of bystander CPR following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on hospital costs and long-term survival.
In this paper, the investigators evaluated bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), hospital-based costs, and long-term survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in order to assess the potential cost-effectiveness of bystander CPR.
AHRQ-funded; HS021658.
Citation: Geri G, Fahrenbruch C, Meischke H .
Effects of bystander CPR following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on hospital costs and long-term survival.
Resuscitation 2017 Jun;115:129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.04.016..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Costs, Outcomes
Jacobs PD, Molloy E
AHRQ Author: Jacobs PD
How do Medicare Advantage beneficiary payments vary with tenure?
This study compared how premiums and expected out-of-pocket medical costs (OOPC) vary with the length of time Medicare Advantage (MA) beneficiaries have been enrolled in their plans. Beneficiaries who remained in their plans for 6 or more years were paying $786 more than they would have spent in the lowest-cost plan compared with $552 for beneficiaries in their first year of enrollment.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Jacobs PD, Molloy E .
How do Medicare Advantage beneficiary payments vary with tenure?
Am J Manag Care 2017 Jun;23(6):372-77.
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Keywords: Medicare, Payment, Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance
Carey K, Dor A
http://www.healthfinancejournal.com/index.php/johcf/article/view/114
Price variations and their trends in U.S. hospitals.
This study tracked trends in prices paid to hospitals by commercial insurers over the period 2008 to 2014 using private sector claims data that contain actual payments. It contrasted these with trends in the CMS published charges. Results indicated that variation in actual commercially-transacted prices is substantially lower than variation in published charges.
AHRQ-funded; HS023610.
Citation: Carey K, Dor A .
Price variations and their trends in U.S. hospitals.
J Health Care Finance 2017 Sum;44(1).
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Payment, Health Insurance, Hospitals
Schulz J, DeCamp M, Berkowitz SA
Regional cost and experience, not size or hospital inclusion, helps predict ACO success.
This study investigated the extent to which organizational characteristics, regional cost of care, or experience in the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) are associated with the ability to achieve shared savings. It found that experience, as measured by years in the MSSP program, was associated with success and the ability to earn shared savings varied regionally. This variation was strongly associated with differences in regional Medicare fee-for-service per capita costs.
AHRQ-funded; HS023684.
Citation: Schulz J, DeCamp M, Berkowitz SA .
Regional cost and experience, not size or hospital inclusion, helps predict ACO success.
Medicine 2017 Jun;96(24):e7209. doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000007209.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Medicare, Payment
Rocque GB, Pisu M, Jackson BE
Resource use and Medicare costs during lay navigation for geriatric patients with cancer.
This study examined the influence of lay navigation on health care spending and resource use among geriatric patients with cancer within The University of Alabama at Birmingham Health System Cancer Community Network. It found that, compared with a matched comparison group, the mean total costs declined by $781.29 more per quarter per navigated patient, for an estimated $19 million decline per year across the network.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Rocque GB, Pisu M, Jackson BE .
Resource use and Medicare costs during lay navigation for geriatric patients with cancer.
JAMA Oncol 2017 Jun;3(6):817-25. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.6307.
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Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Healthcare Costs, Medicare, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Healthcare Delivery
Jacobs BL, He C, Li BY
Variation in readmission expenditures after high-risk surgery.
The researchers sought to investigate readmission intensity as measured by readmission cost for high-risk surgeries and examine predictors of higher readmission costs. They found that the 30-day readmission rate was 16 percent for major chest and 22 percent for major abdominal surgery. Discharge to a skilled nursing facility was associated with higher readmission costs for both chest and abdominal surgeries.
AHRQ-funded; HS024403; HS023621.
Citation: Jacobs BL, He C, Li BY .
Variation in readmission expenditures after high-risk surgery.
J Surg Res 2017 Jun 1;213:60-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.017.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery, Hospital Readmissions, Healthcare Costs, Risk
Lee BY, Wedlock PT, Haidari LA
Economic impact of thermostable vaccines.
Using simulation models of the vaccine supply chains for the Republic of Benin, the state of Bihar (India), and Niger, the researchers simulated replacing different existing vaccines with thermostable formulations and determined the resulting clinical and economic impact. They concluded that medical cost and productivity savings could outweigh even significant price premiums charged for thermostable formulations of vaccines, providing support for their use.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Wedlock PT, Haidari LA .
Economic impact of thermostable vaccines.
Vaccine 2017 May 25;35(23):3135-42. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.081.
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Keywords: Vaccination, Healthcare Costs
Regenbogen SE, Cain-Nielsen AH, Norton EC
Costs and consequences of early hospital discharge after major inpatient surgery in older adults.
This study evaluated the association between early postoperative discharge practices and overall surgical episode spending and expenditures for postdischarge care use and readmissions. It concluded that early routine postoperative discharge after major inpatient surgery is associated with lower total surgical episode payments. There is no evidence that savings from shorter postsurgical hospitalization are offset by higher postdischarge care spending.
AHRQ-funded; HS024698.
Citation: Regenbogen SE, Cain-Nielsen AH, Norton EC .
Costs and consequences of early hospital discharge after major inpatient surgery in older adults.
JAMA Surg 2017 May 17;152(5):e170123. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0123.
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Keywords: Elderly, Surgery, Hospital Discharge, Healthcare Costs, Outcomes
Shih YT, Chien CR
A review of cost communication in oncology: patient attitude, provider acceptance, and outcome assessment.
This review identified 15 articles that covered 3 topics related to patient-physician cost communication: patient attitude, physician acceptance, and the associated outcomes. The data suggested that cost communication was associated with improved patient satisfaction, lower out-of-pocket expenses, and a higher likelihood of medication nonadherence; none of the studies established causality.
AHRQ-funded; HS020263.
Citation: Shih YT, Chien CR .
A review of cost communication in oncology: patient attitude, provider acceptance, and outcome assessment.
Cancer 2017 May 15;123(6):928-39. doi: 10.1002/cncr.30423.
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Keywords: Cancer, Communication, Healthcare Costs, Outcomes, Clinician-Patient Communication
Allen NB, Zhao L, Liu L
Favorable cardiovascular health, compression of morbidity, and healthcare costs: forty-year follow-up of the CHA Study (Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry).
The researchers examined the association of cardiovascular health at younger ages with the proportion of life lived free of morbidity, the cumulative burden of morbidity, and average healthcare costs at older ages. They found that individuals in favorable cardiovascular health in early middle age live a longer, healthier life free of all types of morbidity.
AHRQ-funded; HS020263.
Citation: Allen NB, Zhao L, Liu L .
Favorable cardiovascular health, compression of morbidity, and healthcare costs: forty-year follow-up of the CHA Study (Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry).
Circulation 2017 May 2;135(18):1693-701. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.026252.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Cardiovascular Conditions, Health Status
Bounthavong M, Li M, Watanabe JH
An evaluation of health care expenditures in Crohn's disease using the United States Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 2003 to 2013.
The goal of this study was to update cost estimates of Crohn's disease based on a representative sample of the US population from the most recent 11 years (2003-2013) of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). A secondary aim was to describe expenditure trends in respondents with and without Crohn's disease pre-post FDA approvals of new biologics and the American College of Gastroenterology Crohn's disease treatment guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Bounthavong M, Li M, Watanabe JH .
An evaluation of health care expenditures in Crohn's disease using the United States Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 2003 to 2013.
Res Social Adm Pharm 2017 May-Jun;13(3):530-38. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.05.042..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Digestive Disease and Health, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)