National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cancer (3)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (2)
- Care Management (1)
- (-) Case Study (20)
- Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (1)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Colonoscopy (1)
- Communication (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Decision Making (5)
- Depression (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Emergency Preparedness (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (3)
- Family Health and History (1)
- Guidelines (2)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Health Insurance (1)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Imaging (2)
- Infectious Diseases (2)
- Medicaid (1)
- Medication (2)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Nursing (1)
- Outcomes (2)
- Palliative Care (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Policy (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Prevention (4)
- Quality Measures (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Screening (9)
- Sexual Health (1)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- Stroke (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Teams (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (10)
- Women (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 20 of 20 Research Studies DisplayedNgo-Metzger Q, Gottfredson R
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults.
This case study concerns a 66-year-old generally healthy white man, who presents for his annual physical. He has no history of cardiovascular disease (CVD); he has had consistent systolic blood pressure measurements of 140 mm Hg. You calculate his 10-year risk of a CVD event to be 16.7 percent. The case study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Gottfredson R .
Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Dec 15;96(12):805-06.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Case Study, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Morabito J, Bell MT, Montenij LJ
Perioperative considerations for chylothorax.
This paper presents the case report of a 73 year old man with recurrent right pleural effusions, and a mediastinal mass of indeterminate etiology after a computer tomography-guided biopsy and thoracentesis. It discusses the perioperative considerations for chylothorax.
AHRQ-funded; HS024124.
Citation: Morabito J, Bell MT, Montenij LJ .
Perioperative considerations for chylothorax.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2017 Dec;31(6):2277-81. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.06.001..
Keywords: Case Study, Imaging, Respiratory Conditions, Surgery
Fan T, Rogers A
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection in adults.
G.R. is a 21-year-old nonpregnant woman who is new to the area and your office. She is applying to graduate school and wants to make sure her vaccinations are up to date. She reports she is doing well and has no concerns. This case study on tuberculosis screening poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Rogers A .
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Nov 15;96(10):675-76.
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Keywords: Case Study, Infectious Diseases, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Fan T, Rogers A
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents.
R.J. is a 27-year-old man who presents for a well-patient visit. He always keeps his appointments and likes to make sure he is healthy. R.J. has started a new relationship and asks if he should be screened for syphilis. The case study asks a series of three questions based on the USPSTF recommendation statement. Answers are provided.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Rogers A .
Screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Sep 15;96(6):393-94.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Decision Making, Infectious Diseases, Case Study
Fan T, Amobi A
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for gynecologic conditions with pelvic examination.
A 37-year-old woman presents to your office for her annual wellness visit. She is not due for a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear this year. She is not pregnant, reports no problems, and has no risk factors for sexually transmitted infections. She asks if she should have a pelvic examination today. The case study asks a series of three questions based on the USPSTF recommendation statement. Answers are provided.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Amobi A .
Screening for gynecologic conditions with pelvic examination.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Aug 15;96(4):253-54.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Women, Case Study, Decision Making, Screening
McNellis RJ, Thomas S
AHRQ Author: McNellis RJ
Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in adults.
This case study involves a 52-year-old white man who presents to your office for a preventive health visit. He is overweight and has a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, which are stable and well controlled with medication. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McNellis RJ, Thomas S .
Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Jul 15;96(2):123-24.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sleep Problems, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Case Study, Guidelines
Farra SL, Miller ET, Gneuhs M
Disaster management: communication up, across, and down.
This case study uses the National Preparedness Leadership Initiative’s (NPLI) meta-leadership model as the guiding framework for developing and implementing an evacuation exercise focused on the safe evacuation of neonates. Key components of this framework include strategies for communicating up, across, and down among various stakeholders.
AHRQ-funded; HS023149.
Citation: Farra SL, Miller ET, Gneuhs M .
Disaster management: communication up, across, and down.
Nurs Manage 2017 Jul;48(7):51-54. doi: 10.1097/01.NUMA.0000520720.78549.e4..
Keywords: Emergency Preparedness, Communication, Nursing, Case Study
Meyers D, Duncan J
AHRQ Author: Meyers D
Serologic screening for genital herpes infection.
This case study involves a 23-year-old woman who presents to your office for her first prenatal visit. She is in the eighth week of her first pregnancy. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Meyers D, Duncan J .
Serologic screening for genital herpes infection.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Jun 15;95(12):801-02.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Sexual Health, Case Study
Iyer AS, Bakitas M
Early palliative care in advanced illness: do right by mama.
This letter describes a case study where the doctor and the family decided not to do aggressive treatment on their mother in her 80’s with metastatic lung cancer and pneumonia. After describing the intubation procedure and the use of mechanical ventilation, the family decided that palliative care was the best option. The doctor emphasizes the use of palliative care as the best outcome for many terminally ill patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Iyer AS, Bakitas M .
Early palliative care in advanced illness: do right by mama.
JAMA Intern Med 2017 Jun;177(6):761-62. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0764.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Case Study, Decision Making, Elderly, Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Ngo-Metzger Q, Rajupet S
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for colorectal cancer.
This case study involves a 50-year-old woman who presents for a routine visit. She is healthy with no significant medical history, takes no medications, and has no personal or family history of cancer. She asks about colorectal cancer screening. There are three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force answers, recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Rajupet S .
Screening for colorectal cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2017 May 15;95(10):653-54.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Case Study, Colonoscopy, Prevention, Screening
Christensen AL, Petersen DM, Burton RA
What factors influence states' capacity to report children's health care quality measures? A multiple-case study.
The objective of this study was to describe factors that influence the ability of state Medicaid agencies to report the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS) core set of children's health care quality measures . Reporting capacity was influenced by a state's Medicaid data availability, ability to link to other state data systems, past experience with quality measurement, staff time and technical expertise, and demand for the measures.
AHRQ-funded; 290200900019I; 29032004T.
Citation: Christensen AL, Petersen DM, Burton RA .
What factors influence states' capacity to report children's health care quality measures? A multiple-case study.
Matern Child Health J 2017 Jan;21(1):187-98. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2108-8.
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Keywords: Quality Measures, Quality of Care, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Children/Adolescents, Medicaid, Health Insurance, Policy, Case Study
Gerber DE, Reimer T, Williams EL
Resolving rivalries and realigning goals: challenges of clinical and research multiteam systems.
This article describes the care processes for a 64-year-old man with newly diagnosed advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who was enrolled in a first-line clinical trial of a new immunotherapy regimen. Research team and clinical team members have limited knowledge of the roles and work of individuals outside their team. Recommendations to increase trust and collaboration are provided.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Gerber DE, Reimer T, Williams EL .
Resolving rivalries and realigning goals: challenges of clinical and research multiteam systems.
J Oncol Pract 2016 Nov;12(11):1020-28. doi: 10.1200/jop.2016.013060.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Case Study, Healthcare Delivery, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Teams
McNellis RJ, Beswick-Escanlar V
AHRQ Author: McNellis RJ
Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer.
This case study involves a a 55-year-old man who presents to your office for a routine refill of his antihypertension medication, his 65-year-old brother who also visits you to ask about taking low-dose aspirin, and his 55-year-old wife, also your patient, who recently experienced abdominal pain,. It poses three multiple choice questions focused on the use of low-dose aspirin, together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McNellis RJ, Beswick-Escanlar V .
Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Oct 15;94(8):661-62.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Case Study
Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V
AHRQ Author: Kato E
Screening for depression in adults.
This case study involves a 29-year-old man, who presents to your office for a routine visit. He has a history of being overweight and has hypertension that is controlled by diet and exercise. It poses three multiple choice questions about screening for depression together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V .
Screening for depression in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Aug 15;94(4):305-6.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Depression, Behavioral Health, Case Study
Croswell J, Owings J
Screening for breast cancer.
This case study involves a 47-year-old woman who presents to your office for a well-woman visit. She is healthy, takes no medications, and has no health concerns. She has never been diagnosed with breast cancer, nor have any of her first-degree relatives. Her digital mammography two years ago was negative, and she asks whether she should be screened again this year. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Croswell J, Owings J .
Screening for breast cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jul 15;94(2):143-4.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Imaging, Case Study
Jindai K, Sterkel AK, Reed KD
Limb embolism in a 52-year-old woman.
In response to a photo quiz, the authors make the following diagnosis: arterial thrombus caused by Histoplasma capsulatum deriving from native valve endocarditis caused by the same organism. Various aspects of the case are discussed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022465; HS023779.
Citation: Jindai K, Sterkel AK, Reed KD .
Limb embolism in a 52-year-old woman.
Clin Infect Dis 2016 May 15;62(10):1320-1. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw081.
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Keywords: Blood Clots, Care Management, Case Study, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Safety
Brach C
AHRQ Author: Brach C
Even in an emergency, doctors must make informed consent an informed choice.
When a stroke is suspected, a daughter is pressured to consent to her father's treatment without fully understanding the risks.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Brach C .
Even in an emergency, doctors must make informed consent an informed choice.
Health Aff 2016 Apr;35(4):739-43. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1407.
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Keywords: Case Study, Decision Making, Emergency Department, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement, Stroke
Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
This case study involves a 55-year-old black man who presents for a blood pressure evaluation. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J .
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Mar 15;93(6):511-2.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Screening, Guidelines, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Salihu HM, Salemi JL, Nash MC
Assessing the economic impact of paternal involvement: a comparison of the generalized linear model versus decision analysis trees.
The authors illustrated a methodological comparison of decision analysis modeling and generalized linear modeling (GLM) techniques using a case study that assesses the cost-effectiveness of potential father involvement interventions. They found that lack of paternal involvement was associated with higher rates of preterm birth, small-for-gestational age, and infant morbidity and mortality, concluding that healthcare costs could be significantly reduced through enhanced father involvement during pregnancy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019997.
Citation: Salihu HM, Salemi JL, Nash MC .
Assessing the economic impact of paternal involvement: a comparison of the generalized linear model versus decision analysis trees.
Matern Child Health J 2014 Aug;18(6):1380-90. doi: 10.1007/s10995-013-1372-0.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Pregnancy, Case Study, Decision Making
Schwenk H, Ramirez-Avila L, Sheu SH
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in pediatric patients: case report and literature review.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a rare, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by JC virus. Fewer than 30 cases have been reported in HIV- and non-infected children. The researchers report the case of a 15-year-old girl with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and AIDS who presented with nystagmus, dysarthria and ataxia. They also include a literature review.
AHRQ-funded; HS019485.
Citation: Schwenk H, Ramirez-Avila L, Sheu SH .
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in pediatric patients: case report and literature review.
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014 Apr;33(4):e99-105. doi: 10.1097/inf.0000000000000237..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Children/Adolescents, Case Study, Outcomes